全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1652篇 |
免费 | 163篇 |
国内免费 | 113篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 4篇 |
儿科学 | 71篇 |
妇产科学 | 18篇 |
基础医学 | 235篇 |
口腔科学 | 25篇 |
临床医学 | 205篇 |
内科学 | 425篇 |
皮肤病学 | 43篇 |
神经病学 | 65篇 |
特种医学 | 383篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 115篇 |
综合类 | 49篇 |
预防医学 | 104篇 |
眼科学 | 15篇 |
药学 | 92篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 77篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 24篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 24篇 |
2013年 | 42篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 49篇 |
2009年 | 55篇 |
2008年 | 36篇 |
2007年 | 78篇 |
2006年 | 39篇 |
2005年 | 70篇 |
2004年 | 27篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 29篇 |
2000年 | 30篇 |
1999年 | 34篇 |
1998年 | 98篇 |
1997年 | 104篇 |
1996年 | 112篇 |
1995年 | 71篇 |
1994年 | 65篇 |
1993年 | 69篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 40篇 |
1990年 | 30篇 |
1989年 | 57篇 |
1988年 | 52篇 |
1987年 | 59篇 |
1986年 | 38篇 |
1985年 | 59篇 |
1984年 | 27篇 |
1983年 | 29篇 |
1982年 | 30篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 36篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1977年 | 22篇 |
1976年 | 31篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1928条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Laurie Lovett Novak Jonathan Wanderer David A. Owens Daniel Fabbri Julian Z. Genkins Thomas A. Lasko 《Applied clinical informatics》2021,12(1):164
Background The data visualization literature asserts that the details of the optimal data display must be tailored to the specific task, the background of the user, and the characteristics of the data. The general organizing principle of a concept-oriented display is known to be useful for many tasks and data types. Objectives In this project, we used general principles of data visualization and a co-design process to produce a clinical display tailored to a specific cognitive task, chosen from the anesthesia domain, but with clear generalizability to other clinical tasks. To support the work of the anesthesia-in-charge (AIC) our task was, for a given day, to depict the acuity level and complexity of each patient in the collection of those that will be operated on the following day. The AIC uses this information to optimally allocate anesthesia staff and providers across operating rooms. Methods We used a co-design process to collaborate with participants who work in the AIC role. We conducted two in-depth interviews with AICs and engaged them in subsequent input on iterative design solutions. Results Through a co-design process, we found (1) the need to carefully match the level of detail in the display to the level required by the clinical task, (2) the impedance caused by irrelevant information on the screen such as icons relevant only to other tasks, and (3) the desire for a specific but optional trajectory of increasingly detailed textual summaries. Conclusion This study reports a real-world clinical informatics development project that engaged users as co-designers. Our process led to the user-preferred design of a single binary flag to identify the subset of patients needing further investigation, and then a trajectory of increasingly detailed, text-based abstractions for each patient that can be displayed when more information is needed. 相似文献
2.
Summary— To investigate if the functional alterations observed in resistance arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were also present at the coronary level, in vitro experiments were performed in mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA) and in right (RIC) and left interventricular coronary (LIC) arteries taken from 15–25-week-old SHR and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats WKYs. Using a passive extension protocol, internal diameters corresponding to 100 mmHg intraluminal pressure (D100) were determined and vessels were set up to a normalized internal diameter (0.9 D100). SHR mesenteric resistance arteries had a significantly smaller diameter compared to WKY arteries, whereas both types of SHR coronary arteries had a greater diameter compared to those of WKY rats. In arteries in the absence of contracting agonist, nitro-L-arginine (NOLA, 100 μM) induced a progressive rise in basal tone, which could be reversed by subsequent addition of L-arginine (100 μM) but not D-arginine (100 μM). When expressed as percent of maximal contractions induced by agonists (noradrenaline, NA [10 μM] in MRA; serotonin, 5-HT [10 μM], in RIC and LIC), these contractions were significantly stronger in WKY compared to SHR coronary and mesenteric resistance arteries. In NA-precontracted MRA and 5HT-precontracted coronary arteries in the presence of indomethacin (10 μM), the magnitude of acetylcholine-induced maximal relaxations (expressed as percent of maximal contractions induced by agonists) was greater in WKY compared to SHR arteries. After a 30-min incubation period, NOLA (100 μM) completely inhibited relaxations induced by acetylcholine (0.01–10 μM) in all types of precontracted arteries. Subsequent additions of sodium nitroprusside, (SNP, 10 μM) induced complete relaxations in all preparations. These results show that a basal release of NO or NO-like compound by endothelial cells is present in isolated mesenteric resistance and coronary arteries of WKY rats and SHRs. The contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factor-nitric oxide (EDRF-NO) to arterial tone was lower in MRA compared to coronary arteries in both strains and in SHR compared to WKY arteries. In the SHR preparations, the impaired relaxation induced by acetylcholine appeared to be due to a functional alteration of the endothelium in the presence of normal reactivity of the smooth muscle cells. 相似文献
3.
4.
表小檗碱对α受体的作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
表小檗碱(epiberberine,EB)是从湖北产黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch)中提取的一种生物碱,属苯喹嗪类原小檗碱,对其药理作用的研究资料甚少,未见其对α肾上腺素体作用的报道。资料表明,许多原小檗碱类化合物有α受体阻滞作用,为从该类化合物中选择 相似文献
5.
J Bommer T Weinreich D H Lovett R Bouillon E Ritz D Gemsa 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1990,5(3):208-213
Loading of tissue macrophages with dialysis-tubing-derived particles may occur during chronic haemodialysis. Previous studies have demonstrated that these particle-laden macrophages release significant quantities of prostaglandins. In these experiments, the effects of dialysis-tubing-particle loading on the release of the central inflammatory mediator, interleukin 1 (IL 1), was examined. Rats received daily injections of silicone or polyvinylchloride (PVC) particles, and were compared to animals given saline alone. The silicone and PVC groups received a total of 3 x 10(9) particles over a 4-week period. Non-stimulated peritoneal macrophages from control animals released a median of 4.1 (range 1.2-10.3) U IL 1 per 10(6) cells. In contrast, macrophages from silicone- and PVC-loaded animals spontaneously released high levels of IL 1 (median 21.8; range 10-36.7) and 94 (range 36-336) U per 10(6) cells respectively). Following in vitro stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peritoneal macrophages from silicone- and PVC-treated animals released large amounts of IL 1 (median 538 (range 359-2017) U and median 653 (range 326-1134) U per 10(6) cells, respectively) as compared to LPS-stimulated macrophages from control animals (median 332 (range 130-306) U per 10(6) cells]. Zymosan or LPS stimulation of splenic cells from silicone- and PVC-loaded animals also secreted increased quantities of IL 1 as compared to controls. The chronic loading of tissue macrophages in dialysis patients with tubing-derived particles may result in augmented release of IL 1, with subsequent activation of inflammatory processes. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
Technical and biological factors in disease-free survival after hepatic resection for colorectal cancer metastases. 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
B Cady M D Stone W V McDermott R L Jenkins A Bothe P T Lavin E J Lovett G D Steele 《Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)》1992,127(5):561-8; discussion 568-9
Careful patient selection for hepatic resection of colorectal cancer metastases is essential to improve current poor results. Carcinoembryonic antigen level and number of metastases were significant preoperative prognostic indicators of 5-year disease-free survival in patients selected clinically for hepatic surgery. Surgical margin, weight of hepatic tissue resected, carcinoembryonic antigen level, and flow cytometry were significant postoperative prognostic indicators. Patients with a carcinoembryonic antigen level less than 200 ng/mL, 1-cm surgical margins, and less than 1,000 g of liver tissue removed had a greater than 50% estimated 5-year disease-free survival rate. If the metastases were diploid on flow cytometry, an additional survival advantage may have been gained. Inadequate surgical margins led to high rates of liver-only recurrence. Nonhepatic recurrence was unrelated to surgical margins. Intraoperative liver examination by ultrasound during primary colon cancer resection and adjuvant chemotherapy may offer earlier selection of biologically appropriate patients and improved outcome; both recommendations require clinical trials. 相似文献
9.
D. D. Thomas A. M. Fogelman J. N. Miller M. A. Lovett 《European journal of epidemiology》1989,5(1):15-21
Syphilis is a chronic disease characterized by hematogenous dissemination of Treponema pallidum into tissues such as the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. In order to test whether these aspects of the pathogenesis of syphilis reflect an ability of T. pallidum to invade vascular entothelial surfaces, we explored the association of T. pallidum with human and rabbit endothelial cells in vitro. Using radiolabeled motile organisms, we found that treponemal attachment was two times greater to rabbit aortic endothelial cells and human umbilical endothelial cells than to HeLa cells. Mild trypsinization of attached treponemes resulted in release from cells of all organisms detectable by darkfield microscopy without visible damage to the monolayer. Nevertheless, 25% of the counts representing T. pallidum remained associated with the cell monolayers. Further trypsin treatment to release the monolayer and differential centrifugation showed that 80% of the remaining cell-associated counts were not within the cells. These results suggest that some treponemes had associated with the monolayer in a trypsin resistant niche. Additionally, motile T. pallidum passed through tight functioned endothelial cell monolayers on membrane filters under conditions were heat-killed T. pallidum and the host indigenous nonpathogen. T. phagedenis biotype Reiter failed to do so. Electron micrographs of transverse sections through the monolayers showed many T. pallidum in junctions between endothelial cells. These studies suggest that T. pallidum may leave the circulation by passing between endothelial cells. 相似文献
10.
Pernes JM; Vitoux JF; Brenoit P; Raynaud A; Parola JL; Roth JP; Angel CY; Fiessinger JN; Roncato M; Gaux JC 《Radiology》1986,158(2):481-485
Thirty-five patients hospitalized for recent angiographically documented arterial occlusion in the legs (27 femoropopliteal arteries and eight grafts) benefited from local fibrinolytic therapy delivered at the site of the occlusion with a 4- or 5-F catheter. This therapy combined a continuous urokinase (UK) infusion of 1,000 U/kg/hour and a lysyl plasminogen (LYS-PLG) infusion of 15 microkatals every 30 minutes. Angiographically confirmed lysis was obtained in 85% of the cases. Only 3% of the patients had major and 6% had minor groin hematomas. Only two patients had concentrations of fibrinogen as low as 100 mg/dl. Intravascular infusion of UK-LYS-PLG is as effective as streptokinase. Its excellent tolerance makes it a good alternative in the treatment of acute ischemia in the lower limbs. 相似文献