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1.
J Phua E S C Koay D Zhang L K Tai X L Boo K C Lim T K Lim 《The European respiratory journal》2006,28(4):695-702
Levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 are elevated in severe sepsis. However, it is not known whether sTREM-1 measurements can distinguish milder bacterial infections from noninfectious inflammation. The present authors studied whether serum sTREM-1 levels differ in community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and controls, and whether sTREM-1 may be used as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics. Serum sTREM-1 levels in 150 patients with pneumonia, COPD and asthma exacerbations and 62 healthy controls were measured. Serum sTREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in pneumonia (median 295.2 ng x mL(-1)), COPD (280.3 ng x mL(-1)) and asthma exacerbations (184.0 ng x mL(-1)) compared with controls (83.1 ng x mL(-1)). Levels were higher in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations than in type 2 and 3 COPD and asthma exacerbations. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for sTREM-1 as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics was 0.77. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 were elevated predominantly in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations versus type 2 and 3 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, asthma and controls. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 has moderate but insufficient accuracy as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections. 相似文献
2.
Golli M; Van Nhieu JT; Mathieu D; Zafrani ES; Cherqui D; Dhumeaux D; Vasile N; Rahmouni A 《Radiology》1994,190(3):741
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Inhibition of 2-nitropropane-induced rat liver DNA and RNA damage by benzyl selenocyanate 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
We observed that pretreatment of male F344 rats with benzyl selenocyanate,
a versatile organoselenium chemopreventive agent in several animal model
systems, decreases the levels of DNA and RNA modifications produced in the
liver by the hepatocarcinogen 2- nitropropane. To clarify the mechanisms
involved, we pretreated male F344 rats with either benzyl selenocyanate,
its sulfur analog benzyl thiocyanate, phenobarbital or cobalt
protoporphyrin IX; the latter is a depletor of P450. We then determined (1)
the ability of liver microsomes to denitrify 2-nitropropane, (2) effects on
2-nitropropane- induced liver DNA and RNA modifications and (3) amount of
nitrate excreted in rat urine following administration of the carcinogen.
Pretreatment with benzyl selenocyanate or phenobarbital increased the
denitrification activity of liver microsomes by 217 and 765%, respectively,
increased liver P4502B1 by 31- and 435-fold, respectively, decreased the
levels of 2-nitropropane-induced modifications in liver DNA (29-70% and
17-30%, respectively) and RNA (67-85% and 30-50%, respectively), and
increased the 24-h urinary excretion of nitrate by 157 and 209%,
respectively. Pretreatment with benzyl thiocyanate had no significant
effect on any of these parameters. Pretreatment with cobalt protoporphyrin
IX decreased liver P4502B 1 by 87%, decreased the denitrification activity
of liver microsomes by 76%, decreased the 24 h urinary excretion of nitrate
by 88.5%, but increased the extent of 2-nitropropane-induced liver nucleic
acid modifications by 17-67%. These results indicate that the metabolic
sequence from 2-nitropropane to the reactive species causing DNA and RNA
modifications does not involve the removal of the nitro group. Moreover,
they suggest that benzyl selenocyanate inhibits 2-NP-induced liver nucleic
acid modifications in part by increasing its detoxication through induction
of denitrification, although it is evident that other mechanisms must also
be involved.
相似文献
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Discordant quantitative detection of putative biomarkers in nodal micrometastases of colorectal cancer: biological and clinical implications 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
AIMS: Nodal expression of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 20 (CK20), and guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) genes was measured in tandem in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) to assess whether there would be sufficient agreement between these markers in their ability to detect micrometastasis to qualify one of them as a universal marker, and whether frozen and paraffin wax embedded tissues would yield similar results. METHODS: One hundred and seventy five frozen lymph nodes (FT) and 158 formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded lymph nodes (PET) from 28 CRC cases were analysed using gene specific quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, carried out on the LightCycler system with SYBR Green chemistry. RESULTS: There was significant disparity in positive detection of the three biomarkers in FT versus PET, with notable agreement achieved only for CEA (66.6%) in FT versus PET in Dukes' B disease, and between CK20 and GCC (44.6%) in FT, also in Dukes' B disease. One patient with full concordance in all three tumour markers with both tissue types suffered a relapse and died within two years of follow up. CONCLUSIONS: There was considerable discordance in the positive detection of the three tumour markers in both tissue types (FT versus PET). This brings into question whether using a single tumour marker to detect micrometastasis in one tissue type (FT or PET) is adequately representative, and challenges the concept of universal markers for molecular CRC metastatic detection. Multiple tumour markers would predict more accurately the metastatic potential of Dukes' B CRCs. 相似文献
9.
A model of corrective gene transfer in X-linked ichthyosis 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Freiberg RA; Choate KA; Deng H; Alperin ES; Shapiro LJ; Khavari PA 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(6):927-933
Single gene recessive genetic skin disorders offer attractive prototypes
for the development of therapeutic cutaneous gene delivery. We have
utilized X-linked ichthyosis (XLI), characterized by loss of function of
the steroid sulfatase arylsulfatase C (STS), to develop a model of
corrective gene delivery to human skin in vivo. A new retroviral expression
vector was produced and utilized to effect STS gene transfer to primary
keratinocytes from XLI patients. Transduction was associated with
restoration of full-length STS protein expression as well as steroid
sulfatase enzymatic activity in proportion to the number of proviral
integrations in XLI cells. Transduced and uncorrected XLI keratinocytes,
along with normal controls, were then grafted onto immunodeficient mice to
regenerate full thickness human epidermis. Unmodified XLI keratinocytes
regenerated a hyperkeratotic epidermis lacking STS expression with
defective skin barrier function, effectively recapitulating the human
disease in vivo. Transduced XLI keratinocytes from the same patients,
however, regenerated epidermis histologically indistinguishable from that
formed by keratinocytes from patients with normal skin. Transduced XLI
epidermis demonstrated STS expression in vivo by immunostaining as well as
a normalization of histologic appearance at 5 weeks post-grafting. In
addition, transduced XLI epidermis demonstrated a return of barrier
function parameters to normal. These findings demonstrate corrective gene
delivery in human XLI patient skin tissue at both molecular and functional
levels and provide a model of human cutaneous gene therapy.
相似文献
10.
A. KIJLSTRA D. W. KNUTSON M. R. DAHA L. A. VAN ES 《Scandinavian journal of immunology》1979,10(5):421-429
The in vivo behaviour of well-defined immune complexes in rats was studied using complexes derived from DNP-conjugated bovine thyroglobulin (DNP-BTG) and purified specific goat anti-DNP IgG. Both clearance and glomerular localization were mainly dependent on the nature of the antigen. Soluble immune complexes formed with DNP17-BTG were cleared faster and showed a more marked localization in the glomerular mesangium than complexes formed with DNP3.4-BTG. A slight increase in the antibody to antigen ratio seemed to facilitate mesangial localization of soluble immune complexes. Insoluble immune complexes showed temporary localization as microemboli in the lumina of glomerular and peritubular capillaries. This study thus shows that not only the size and composition of the complexes but also the nature of the antigen within the complex can influence the clearance and organ localization of circulating immune complexes. 相似文献