Zum Stoffwechsel des α2-Makroglobulin bei Diabetes mellitus

Zusammenfassung Mittels radialer Immundiffusion wurde im Serum von 101 Diabetikern und von 96 Normalpersonen ₂-Makroglobulin (₂-M) quantitative bestimmt. Die diabetischen Patienten wiesen mit einem Mittelwert von 307±149 mg-% (Männer) resp. 315±181 mg-% (Frauen) deutlich höhere Werte auf als Normalpersonen (257±55 mg-% resp. 291±69).Zur Frage des Zustandekommens dieser ₂-M-Erhöhung wurde der Umsatz mit Hilfe von J¹³¹-markiertem Protein [nach Kluthe u. Mitarb., Experienta22, 385 (1966)] gemessen. Die katabole Rate wurde mit 8,4 mg/kg für Normalpersonen, mit 22,8 mg/kg/die für Diabetiker bestimmt. Unter der gegebenen Voraussetzung eines Stoffwechselgleichgewichts bedeutet dies, daß die ₂-M-Erhöhung bei Diabetes mellitus Folge einer Synthesesteigerung ist.Die Relevanz dieser Befunde wird anhand anamnestischer und klinischer Daten diskutiert.

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Summary In the serum of 102 diabeties and of 96 healthy persons ₂-macroglobulin concentration was measured quantitatively by radial immundiffusion technique. In diabetics the mean values were significantly higher (males 307±149 mg-%, females 315±181 mg-%) than in normals (males 257±55 mg-%, females 291±69 mg-%).Catabolic rate of ₂-macroglobulin (estimated by the help of J¹³¹ labelled protein according to the method of Kluthe et al.: Experienta22, 385 (1966) ranged between 22,8 mg/kg/die in diabetics and 8,4 mg/kg/die in healthy subjects.The importance of these findings is discussed based on anamnestic and clinical data.

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Studies on thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2 production in the course of murine autoimmune disease: inhibition by oral histidine and zinc supplementation

Synthesis of both prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 in liver and kidney tissue of NZB/W F1 hybrid mice was found to increase with advancing age. The rise in prostanoid generation coincided with the appearance and progression of the spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like disorders seen in these mice. Substitution of a diet supplemented with histidine (50 g kg-1 dry weight) and/or zinc (160 mg kg-1 dry weight) suppressed the autoimmune disease associated increase in prostanoid generation. The parent NZB and NZW strains also revealed an age-dependent increase in prostanoid synthesis whereas no age-related changes of tissue prostanoid generation were seen in healthy DBA-2 and C57-BL/6 control mice. In a previous study [Schwerdtfeger et al. 1980] a protective effect of histidine and/or zinc on the course of SLE-like disease in NZB/W F1 mice was reported. The current work suggests that this effect may in part have been mediated by the modulation of cellular arachidonic acid metabolism. The proposal that prostanoids are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease in NZB/W F1 mice is supported by these results.     

Synthetic amino-acid diet prolongs survival in autoimmune murine disease

The effect of substituting a fully synthetic diet for standard laboratory pellet feed on the course of spontaneous autoimmune disease in New Zealand Black/White hybrid mice was examined. Delays in the development of anti-nuclear antibody, proteinuria and circulating immune complexes were seen; the survival was markedly prolonged. This type of dietary manipulation has a beneficial effect on the course of murine autoimmune disease.     

The role of learning in pain reduction associated with relaxation and patterned breathing

The effect of relaxation and patterned breathing on pressure induced pain was assessed using signal detection procedures. Twenty-four student subjects each served in three experimental sessions and reported on three pairs of pressure induced intensities during either relaxation, patterned breathing, patterned finger tapping, or no-treatment conditions. Relaxation was associated with reliable reductions in the rated intensity of the stimuli, and seems to contribute directly to pain reduction. Slow breathing and finger-tapping were associated with intermediate ratings in the rated intensity of the stimuli, which did not differ from ratings made by subjects in the control condition.