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排序方式: 共有480条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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CG Teo 《Oral diseases》2002,8(S2):88-90
Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) are commonly encountered in the HIV-infected patient. A unique feature of OHL is non-cytolytic high level of replication of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in the glossal epithelium. The expression of viral-encoded anti-apoptotic proteins concomitant to replicative proteins probably underlies this phenomenon. The question of whether OHL arises from activation of EBV latent in the tongue, or from superinfection by endogenous EBV shed via non-glossal sites or by exogenous EBV remains unresolved. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) is now seen as necessary but not sufficient cause of KS. Expression of HHV8-encoded oncogenic proteins in endothelial cells probably explains the aberrant proliferation of these cells in KS lesions. Studies into why KS is so commonly observed at the palate in HIV-infected patients may provide important clues to its pathogenesis. 相似文献
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van Eden W Hauet-Broere F Berlo S Paul L van der Zee R de Kleer I Prakken B Taams L 《International reviews of immunology》2005,24(3-4):181-197
Immunization with microbial or mammalian stress proteins or heat-shock proteins in models of experimental autoimmunity has been observed to lead to increased disease resistance. Furthermore, such immunization has been proposed to result in the induction and expansion of T cells that suppress disease upon transfer. Comparisons of microbial heat-shock proteins with other conserved immunogenic proteins of bacterial origin have indicated a unique capacity for heat-shock proteins to induce a regulatory phenotype in T cells, such as reflected by the production of IL10. Also, studies in children with chronic arthritis have indicated that T-cell responses to heat-shock proteins are associated with a benign course of the disease and with remission. Furthermore, in patients, heat-shock-protein-(HSP-) activated T cells were shown to display regulatory phenotypes consistent with CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells. 相似文献
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I M de Kleer C S Uiterwaal N Nauta R A Hirasing A B Prakken E R de Graeff-Meeder 《Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde》1999,143(33):1696-1700
OBJECTIVE: To document the trend of the yearly number of newly diagnosed paediatric HIV-1 infections in the Netherlands. DESIGN: Retrospective registration regarding the period January 1st 1982-December 31st 1994 and prospective registration regarding January 1st 1995-December 31st 1997. METHOD: Based on reports to the Dutch Paediatric Surveillance Unit (Nederlands Signaleringscentrum Kindergeneeskunde) numbers of paediatric HIV-1 diagnoses (0-18 years) in the Netherlands were determined prospectively. Retrospective figures were determined by asking the paediatricians also to report the HIV-1 infected children diagnosed before the first of January 1995. A comparison was made with data from the Inspectorate for Health Care (Inspectie voor de Gezondheidszorg). All reports were followed up with standard questionnaires. RESULTS: In both periods an increase in the number of newly diagnosed paediatric HIV-1 infections per year in the Netherlands was seen (1982-1994: 74 children; 1995-1997: 43 children). The majority of the parents of the HIV-1 infected children originated from outside the Netherlands (1982-1994: 57%; 1995-1997: 91%), often from HIV-endemic countries (1982-1994: 41%; 1995-1997: 77%). The main mode of infection was vertical transmission (1982-1994: 62%; 1995-1997: 84%); diagnosis in allochtonous children was made relatively late. CONCLUSION: The current rise in the absolute number of newly detected paediatric HIV-1 infections in the Netherlands is predominantly due to the growing group of children born to parents who originate from HIV-endemic countries. 相似文献
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Arif JM; Gairola CG; Glauert HP; Kelloff GJ; Lubet RA; Gupta RC 《Carcinogenesis》1998,19(8):1515-1517
The present study investigated the effects of dietary oltipraz on cigarette
smoke-related lipophilic DNA adduct formation. Female Sprague- Dawley rats
were exposed daily to sidestream cigarette smoke in a whole- body exposure
chamber 6 h/day for 4 consecutive weeks. One group of rats was maintained
on control diet while another group received the same diet supplemented
with either a low (167 p.p.m.) or high (500 p.p.m.) dose of oltipraz,
starting 1 week prior to initiation of smoke exposure until the end of the
experiment. Analysis of lipophilic DNA adducts by the nuclease P1-mediated
32P-post-labeling showed up to five smoke-related adducts. Adduct no. 5
predominated in both the lung and the heart while adduct nos 3 and 2
predominated in the trachea and bladder, respectively. Quantitative
analysis revealed that the total adduct level was the highest in lungs
(270+/-68 adducts/10(10) nucleotides), followed by trachea (196+/-48
adducts/10(10) nucleotides), heart (141+/-22 adducts/10(10) nucleotides)
and bladder (85+/-16 adducts/10(10) nucleotides). High dose oltipraz
treatment reduced the adduct levels in lungs and bladder by >60%, while
the reduction in lungs in the low-dose group was approximately 35%. In
trachea, the effect of low and high dietary oltipraz on smoke DNA adduction
was equivocal, while smoke-related DNA adducts in the heart were minimally
inhibited by high-dose oltipraz. In a repeat experiment that employed a
3-fold lower dose of cigarette smoke, oltipraz (500 p.p.m.) was found to
inhibit the formation of DNA adducts in rat lungs and trachea by 80 and
65%, respectively. These data clearly demonstrate a high efficacy of
oltipraz in inhibiting the formation of cigarette smoke-induced DNA adducts
in the target tissues.
相似文献
9.
Mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in spontaneously occurring osteosarcomas of the dog 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene has been implicated in the
pathogenesis of numerous human cancers, including osteosarcomas.
Appendicular osteosarcomas of the dog appear to be a good model for their
human equivalent with regard to biologic behavior, epidemiology and
histopathology. We individually screened exons 5-8 of the p53 gene for
mutations in 15 canine appendicular osteosarcomas using 'Cold' SSCP to
compare the role of this gene in human and canine osteosarcoma
tumorigenesis. Seven of the tumors (47%) exhibited point mutations, with
one tumor possessing two mutations within different exons. Of these, seven
were missense mutations and the eighth was a 'silent' mutation potentially
affecting the exon 6-7 splicing region. Five of the missense mutations were
located in highly conserved regions IV and V, while another corresponded
with the highly conserved codon 220 mutational hotspot located outside the
conserved domains. The locations and types of mutations were nearly
identical to those reported in human cancer. These findings provide strong
evidence of the involvement of p53 mutations in the development of canine
appendicular osteosarcomas. Canine osteosarcomas appear to be a promising
model for their human equivalent on a clinical, pathologic, and molecular
level.
相似文献
10.
Agnieszka K Witkiewicz Sooryanarayana Varambally Ronglai Shen Rohit Mehra Michael S Sabel Debashis Ghosh Arul M Chinnaiyan Mark A Rubin Celina G Kleer 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2005,14(6):1418-1423
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and is an important tissue biomarker in the prostate to distinguish normal glands from prostate cancer. Here, for the first time, we evaluated the expression of AMACR protein in normal breast, ductal carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinomas. By immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, AMACR was seen in cytoplasmic granules consistent with a mitochondrial and peroxisomal localization. AMACR expression was determined by immunohistochemistry on 160 invasive carcinomas with long follow-up, using a high-density tissue microarray, and evaluated by two methods: standard pathology review and quantitative image analysis. AMACR was overexpressed in 42 of 160 (26%) invasive carcinomas, and it was associated with a decrease in tumor differentiation, a feature of aggressive breast cancer. Quantitative analysis allowed for better discrimination and more accurate evaluation of low-intensity staining. In conclusion, AMACR protein is expressed in normal breast and its expression seems to increase in invasive carcinomas. We observed stronger AMACR protein expression in high-grade carcinomas when compared with low-grade ones. Quantitative image analysis is a novel way to accurately and reproducibly evaluate immunohistochemistry in breast tissue samples using high-density tissue microarrays. 相似文献