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Kamesh?R?Ayasolla Shailendra?Giri Avtar?K?Singh Inderjit?SinghEmail author 《Journal of neuroinflammation》2005,2(1):21
Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology shows characteristic 'plaques' rich in amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide deposits. Inflammatory process-related proteins such as pro-inflammatory cytokines have been detected in AD brain suggesting that an inflammatory immune reaction also plays a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Glial cells in culture respond to LPS and Aβ stimuli by upregulating the expression of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and also the expression of proinflammatory genes iNOS and COX-2. We have earlier reported that LPS/Aβ stimulation-induced ceramide and ROS generation leads to iNOS expression and nitric oxide production in glial cells. The present study was undertaken to investigate the neuroprotective function of AICAR (a potent activator of AMP-activated protein kinase) in blocking the pro-oxidant/proinflammatory responses induced in primary glial cultures treated with LPS and Aβ peptide. 相似文献2.
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Rastogi K Chang JY Pan WY Chen CH Chou TC Chen LT Su TL 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》2002,45(20):4485-4493
DNA minor groove binder hybrid molecules, netropsin derivatives such as N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1-methyl-4-aminopyrrolo-2-carboxamide (MePy) or its derivatives containing two units of N-methylpyrrolecarboxamide (diMePy) and bisbenzimidazole (Ho33258), were linked to the NH(2) function of AHMA or to the CH(2)OH group of AHMA-ethylcarbamate to form AHMA-N-netropsins (13-16) and AHMA-ethylcarbamate-O-netropsins (19-22), and AHMA-bisbenzimidazole (AHMA-Ho33258, 25), respectively. These conjugates' in vitro antitumor activity, inhibition of a variety of human tumor cell growth, revealed that AHMA-ethylcarbamate-O-netropsin derivatives were more cytotoxic than AHMA-N-netropsin compounds. In the same studies, all compounds bearing MePy were more potent than those compounds linked with diMePy. Moreover, AHMA-netropsin derivatives bearing a succinyl chain as the linking spacer were more potent than those compounds having a glutaryl bridge. Among these hybrid molecules, AHMA-ethylcarbamate-O-succinyl-MePy (19) was 2- to 6-fold more cytotoxic than the parent compound AHMA (5) in various cell lines, whereas compound 25 had very poor solubility and was inactive. Studies on the inhibitory effect against topoisomerase II (Topo II) and DNA interaction of these conjugates showed no correlation between the potency of DNA binding and inhibitory activity against Topo II. 相似文献
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Kamesh L Heward JM Williams JM Gough SC Savage CO Harper L 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》2007,46(7):1076-1078
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene are associated with small vessel vasculitis (SVV) and are a risk factor for intercurrent infection, as described previously in other autoimmune diseases. METHODS: Six SNPs in the MBL promoter and coding region were genotyped by sequence-specific polymerase chain reaction or restriction fragment length polymorphism assay in 170 white Caucasians with SVV and 372 ethnically matched controls in a case-control association study. Serum MBL levels were measured by ELISA. The genotype and protein concentrations were correlated to clinical details retrieved from hospital records. RESULTS: No differences in allelic and genotypic frequencies were detected between patients with SVV and control subjects. MBL deficiency did not increase the susceptibility to infection (P = 0.6, Fisher's exact test) or the duration of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that MBL polymorphisms are not associated with SVV and do not influence the incidence of concomitant infections. These results raise doubts about the usefulness of MBL polymorphisms as a predictive marker for infection in SVV. 相似文献
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Venkatakrishnan Kamesh Thangarajan Sumathi 《Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine》2012,5(12):949-955
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of alcoholic extract of Bacopa monniera (AEBM) on high cholesterol diet-induced rats.MethodsThe shade-dried and coarsely powdered whole plant material (Bacopa monniera) was extracted with 90% ethanol, finally filtered and dried in vacuum pump. The experimental rats were divided into 4 groups: control (group-I), Rats fed with hypercholesterolemic diet (HCD) for 45 days [4% cholesterol (w/w) and 1% cholic acid], Rats fed with HCD for 45 days+AEBM (40mg/kg, body weight/day orally) for last 30 days (group-III) and AEBM alone (group-IV). Blood and tissues (Aorta) were removed to ice cold containers for various biochemical and histological analysis.ResultsAEBM treatment significantly decreased the levels of TC, TG, PL, LDL, VLDL, atherogenic index, LDL/HDL ratio, and TC/HDL ratio but significantly increased the level of HDL when compared to HCD induced rats. Activities on liver antioxidant status (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GST) were significantly raised with concomitant reduction in the level of LPO were obtained in AEBM treated rats when compared to HCD rats. Treatment with AEBM significantly lowered the activity of SGOT, LDH and CPK. Histopathology of aorta of cholesterol fed rat showed intimal thickening and foam cell deposition were noted.ConclusionsThese results suggests that AEBM extended protection against various biochemical changes and aortic pathology in hypercholesterolemic rats. Thus the plant may therefore be useful for therapeutic treatment of clinical conditions associated hypercholesterolemia. 相似文献
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Hui-Fang Chiu Bo-Kai Chen Yan-Ying Lu Yi-Chun Han You-Cheng Shen Kamesh Venkatakrishnan 《Pharmaceutical biology》2017,55(1):497-502
Context: Royal jelly (RJ) has been reported for its health promoting factors such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and lipid lowering activities.Objective: The present randomized, placebo-controlled study examines the hypolipidemic beneficial effect of RJ through evaluating anthropometric measurements, lipid profile and various hormone levels in mildly hypercholesterolemic participants.Materials and methods: Forty subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia (180–200?mg/dL) were randomly selected and divided into two groups as experimental or placebo, who requested to intake nine capsules (350?mg/capsule) of RJ or placebo/day, respectively, for three months with one month of follow-up without any supplementation.Results: No significant changes were noted in any of the anthropometric parameters like body weight, waist and body fat. The serum total cholesterol (TC; 207.05–183.15?mg/dL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c; 126.44–120.31?mg/dL) levels were reduced significantly (p?0.05) after administration of RJ. However, triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels were not considerably altered. Moreover, three months of RJ consumption significantly ameliorated (p?0.05) the concentration of sex hormones like dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S; 1788.09–1992.31?ng/mL). Also, intake of RJ did not elicit any hepatic or renal damage.Discussion and conclusion: Intervention with RJ for three months considerably lowered the TC and LDL-c levels through improving the levels of DHEA-S and thus alleviates the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). 相似文献
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Venkatakrishnan Kamesh 《Pharmaceutical biology》2014,52(10):1327-1334
Context: Bacopa monniera L. (Scrophulariaceae) is used as a traditional medicine in India for various ailments such as epilepsy, mental disorders, and also as a cardio-tonic. However, its nephroprotective role is still unknown.Objective: The present study assesses the modulatory impact of the alcoholic (ethanol) extract of Bacopa monniera (AEBM) on renal oxido-lipidemic stress in hypercholesterolemic rats.Materials and methods: B. monniera (1?kg) was extracted with 90% ethanol, filtered, and dried (52?g). Group-I rats as control, Group-II rats fed with a hypercholesterolemic diet (HCD) for 45?d [4% cholesterol and 1% cholic acid], Group-III rats fed with HCD for 45?d?+?AEBM (40?mg/kg, body weight) for last 30?d, and Group-IV AEBM alone rats. Blood and kidney were removed to analyze lipid, antioxidant status, and histological analysis.Result: The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), phospholipids (PLs), renal functional parameters (urea, creatinine, and uric acid), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) products were significantly attenuated (p?0.01) in AEBM-treated hypercholesterolemic rats. Activities of both enzymic (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR)) and non-enzymic antioxidant (GSH, Vit-C, and Vit-E) were significantly increased (p?0.01), on supplementation with AEBM. Administration with AEBM the mRNA levels of eNOS and iNOS genes was significantly up-regulated and down-regulated (p?0.01). Histomorphological observations also evidenced that AEBM effectively protects the kidney from hypercholesterolemia-mediated oxido-lipidemic damage.Discussion and conclusion: From this study, we hypothesized that AEBM can act as renoprotective agent by attenuating the renal oxido-lipidemic stress via regulating NOS level and thereby protects the nephron in hypercholesterolemic rats. 相似文献
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Subramanian Vaidyanathan Bakul Soni Fahed Selmi Gurpreet Singh Cristian Esanu Peter Hughes Tun Oo Kamesh Pulya 《Patient safety in surgery》2012,6(1):1-8