A comparison of the relationships between psychosocial factors,occupational strain,and work ability among 4 ethnic teacher groups in China

The present study compared the level of occupational strain and work ability among Han, Hui, Uygur, Hui, and Kazakh teachers, and explored ethnic differences based on the associations of psychosocial factors at work, occupational strain, and work ability. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,941 teachers in primary and secondary schools in Xinjiang Province, China. Psychosocial factors, occupational strain, and work ability were measured using the Occupation Stress Inventory—Revised Edition (OSI-R) and Work Ability Index. Han and Hui teachers experienced reduced work ability compared with Uygur and Kazakh teachers, and this finding was caused, in part, by exposure to psychosocial factors at work. The vocational and psychological strains caused by these factors play an important role in reduced work ability among all ethnic teacher groups. The findings indicate the importance of taking action to reduce occupational strain for promoting teachers' work ability in multiethnic workplaces.     

Comparison between a new platelet count drop method PL-11, light transmission aggregometry,VerifyNow aspirin system and thromboelastography for monitoring short-term aspirin effects in healthy individuals

Platelet function has been described by many laboratory assays, and PL-11 is a new point-of-care platelet function analyzer based on platelet count drop method, which counts platelet before and after the addition of agonists in the citrated whole blood samples. The present study sought to compare PL-11 with other three major more established assays, light transmission aggregometry (LTA), VerifyNow? aspirin system and thromboelastography (TEG), for monitoring the short-term aspirin responses in healthy individuals. Ten healthy young men took 100?mg/d aspirin for 3-day treatment. Platelet function was measured via PL-11, LTA, VerifyNow and TEG, respectively. The blood samples were collected at baseline, 2 hour, 1 day during the aspirin treatment and 1 day, 5?±?1 days, 8?±?1 days after the aspirin withdrawal. Moreover, 90 additional healthy subjects were recruited to establish a reference range for PL-11. Platelet function of healthy subjects decreased significantly 2 hours after 100?mg/d aspirin intake and began to recover during 4–6 days after the aspirin withdrawal. Correlations between methods were PL-11 vs. LTA (r?=?0.614, p?<?0.01); PL-11 vs. VerifyNow (r?=?0.829, p?<?0.01); PL-11 vs. TEG (r?=?0.697, p?<?0.001). There was no significant bias between PL-11 and LTA at baseline (bias?=?1.94%, p?=?0.804) using Bland-Altman analysis, while the data of PL-11 were significantly higher than LTA (bias?=?24.02%, p?<?0.001) during the aspirin therapy. The reference range for PL-11 in healthy young individuals was from 66.8 to 90.5% (95%CI). When aspirin low-responsiveness was defined as LTA?>?20%, the cut-off values for each method were, respectively: PL-11?>?50%, VerifyNow?>?533 ARU, TEG?>?60.2%. The results of different platelet function assays were uninterchangeable for monitoring aspirin response and correlations among them were also varied. Correlations among PL-11 and other three major assays suggested the ability of PL-11 to assess the treatment effects of aspirin. But a large cohort study is needed to confirm the cut-off value of aspirin response detected by PL-11.     

临床实习生对患者隐私的认知及保护情况调查

目的了解临床实习生对患者隐私的认知以及在临床实践中对患者隐私的保护情况,探讨患者隐私教育及临床实习中存在的问题,分析成因并提出加强患者隐私教育、引导实习生合理获取患者隐私的具体建议,以改善临床医学教育过程中存在的薄弱环节。方法随机选取海军军医大学等5所医学院校的572名临床医学实习生为调查对象,发放调查问卷。主要内容包括实习生隐私教育评分、对于隐私保护法及隐私具体范围的知晓情况、临床实践中是否泄露隐私、隐私与临床诊疗等方面,调查结果采用SPSS 21.0软件进行分析。结果27.6%实习生曾发生过泄露患者隐私的情况,58.9%实习生不了解隐私相关法律法规及隐私具体范围,95.4%实习生认为出于诊疗目的而获取患者隐私信息很有必要,但仍有56.6%实习生曾回避涉及患者隐私的医疗活动。结论临床医学实习生的教育中患者隐私教育相对欠缺并有待进一步加强。实习生应当自觉保护患者隐私,维护患者利益,并树立对于患者隐私的合理认知,从患者隐私中提取有价值的信息。     

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目的对儿童血管迷走性晕厥(VVS)的传统诊断程序与新诊断程序进行卫生经济学评价。方法采用回顾分析方法,根据不同的诊断程序(即传统诊断程序和新诊断程序),将1995年1月至2005年5月北京大学第一医院儿科确诊的81例VVS患儿分为2组,分别计算其就诊费用、检查费用、住院日、确诊日等,运用经济学最小成本分析法进行评价。结果新诊断程序的平均就诊费用比传统诊断程序少耗费1668.80元;新诊断程序的平均就诊检查费用比传统诊断程序少耗费1413.30元。结论新诊断程序对确诊儿童血管迷走性晕厥具有良好的经济学效益,值得临床推广。