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排序方式: 共有145条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Peter Kokol Marjan Mernik Jernej Završnik Kurt Kancler Ivan Malčić 《Journal of medical systems》1994,18(4):201-206
Computerized information systems, especially decision support systems, have become an increasingly important role in medical applications, particularly in those where important decision must be made effectively and reliably. But the possibility of using computers in medical decision making is limited by many difficulties, including the complexity of conventional computer languages, methodologies and tools. Thus a conceptual simple decision making model with the possibility of automating learning should be used. In this paper we introduce a cardiological knowledge-based system based on the decision tree approach supporting the mitral valve prolapse determination. Prolapse is defined as the displacement of a bodily part from its normal position. The term mitral valve prolaps (PMV), therefore, implies that the mitral leaflets are displaced relative to some structure, generally taken to be the mitral annulus. The implications of the PMV are the following: disturbed normal laminar blood flow, turbulence of the blood flow, injury of the chordae tendinae, the possibility of thrombus's composition, bacterial endocarditis, and finally hemodynamic changes defined as mitral insufficiency and mitral regurgitation. Uncertainty persists about how it should be diagnosed and about its clinical importance. It is our deep belief that the echocardiography enables properly trained experts armed with proper criteria to evaluate PMV almost 100%. But unfortunately, there are some problems concerned with the use of echocardiography. In that manner we have decided to start a research project aimed at finding new criteria and enabling the general practitioner to evaluate PMV using conventional methods and to select potential patients from the general population. To empower one to perform needed activities we have developed a computer tool called ROSE (computeRised prOlaps Syndrom dEtermination) based on algorithms of automatic learning. This tool supports the definition of new criteria and the selection of potential PMV-patients. 相似文献
2.
Danka Peričié Hari Manev Sonja Levanat Branimi Jernej Dunja Vujić Nebojša Djordjević 《Psychopharmacology》1986,90(1):112-118
Acute (50.0 mg/kg) and repeated (0.1–10.0 mg/kg) administration of dihydroergosine (DHESN) to rats over 5 days lowered the concentration of 5-HIAA in the brain. DHESN given acutely increased the brain 5-HT in p-CPA-treated animals and diminished the probenecid-induced increase in brain 5-HIAA. In pargyline-treated rats DHESN enhanced the 5-HT/5-HIAA ratio. DHESN administered to rats repeatedly over 5 days decreased the level of 5-HT in blood platelets, and in vitro at concentrations of 10-4 M and 10-3 M inhibited the uptake of [14C]-5-HT in platelets. DHESN (10.0–100.0 mg/kg) potentiated the 5-HT syndrome produced in rats by pargyline and 5-HTP. This potentiation was blocked with cyproheptadine but not with haloperidol. DHESN (1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) lowered the locomotor activity of rats and 10.0 mg/kg DHESN also reduced the duration of immobility in rats forced to swim in a restricted space. The results indicate that DHESN, like antidepressants, decreases the turnover of serotonin in the brain and potentiates the 5-HT-mediated behaviour. This might suggest that the drug should be further investigated for its potential antidepressive properties. 相似文献
3.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and platelet serotonin measures 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Cicin-Sain L Mimica N Hranilovic D Balija M Ljubin T Makarić G Folnegović-Smalc V Jernej B 《Journal of psychiatric research》2000,34(2):155-161
The role of serotonin (5HT) in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been suggested by the overlap in clinical symptoms between PTSD and psychiatric conditions in which a serotonin dysfunction is implicated, as well as by the therapeutic efficiency of 5HT-related drugs (antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors) in alleviating symptoms in PTSD. In the present study, the blood platelet, which has been proposed as a peripheral model for the central serotonergic neurons, has been used to search for alterations in 5HT mechanisms in PTSD. Platelet serotonin level and kinetics of serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) were assessed in 63 combat-related PTSD patients and 43 sex and age-matched control subjects. A significant reduction in maximal velocity of platelet MAO-B (approx. 30%), with no changes in the enzyme affinity was observed in our patient sample. Conversely, no alterations in kinetic parameters (V(max), K(m)) of platelet serotonin transporter, as well as in platelet 5HT level, were found in the PTSD group. 相似文献
4.
Serotonin transporter gene and schizophrenia: evidence for association/linkage disequilibrium in families with affected siblings 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hranilovic D Schwab SG Jernej B Knapp M Lerer B Albus M Rietschel M Kanyas K Borrmann M Lichtermann D Maier W Wildenauer DB 《Molecular psychiatry》2000,5(1):91-95
The serotonergic (5-HT) system has been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of psychoses. Since the 5-HT transporter plays an important role in regulation of 5-HT transmission, its gene can be considered as a candidate for vulnerability to psychiatric disorders. Two polymorphic sites of the 5-HT transporter gene-5-HTTLPR, a VNTR in the 5' regulatory region, and a VNTR in the second intron-were studied in a sample of 61 families with schizophrenia for transmission disequilibrium. Each family contained at least two siblings affected with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (mainly schizophrenic). One hundred and thirty-nine affected offspring with parental information for genotyping, were available for analysis. No preferential transmission of either short or long alleles of the promoter polymorphism was observed. However, a transmission distortion was detected for alleles of the intronic VNTR polymorphism (chi2TDT max =14.33; P = 0.0002; corrected P value = 0.0003) resulting in more frequent than expected transmission of the 12 repeat allele. This finding adds additional evidence to the idea that the serotonergic system may be involved in development of psychoses. Molecular Psychiatry (2000) 5, 91-95. 相似文献
5.
Tine TESOVNIK Jernej KOVAC Tinka HOVNIK Primoz KOTNIK Tadej BATTELINO Katarina TREBUSAK PODKRAJSEK 《Slovenian Journal of Public Health》2015,54(2):74-78
Background
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune chronic disease where hyperglycemia, increased risk of oxidative stress, advanced glycation end-products and other genetic and environmental factors lead to T1D complications. Shorter telomeres are associated with hyperglycemic levels and lower serum vitamin D levels.Methods
Average telomere length (ATL) in whole blood DNA samples was assessed with qPCR method in 53 Slovenian T1D children/adolescents (median age 8.7 years, 1:1.3 male/female ratio). Body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), glycated haemoglobin and serum level of vitamin D metabolite (25-(OH)-D3) and the age at the onset of T1D were collected from the available medical documentation.Results
Results indicate shorter ATL in subjects with higher BMI-SDS when compared to those with longer ATL (0.455 ± 0.438, −0.63 ± 0.295; p=0.049). Subjects with higher BMI-SDS had lower serum vitamin D levels when compared to those with lower BMI-SDS (40.66 ± 3.07 vs. 52.86 ± 4.85 nmol/L; p=0.045). Vitamin D serum levels did not significantly differ between subjects with longer/shorter ATL.Conclusion
T1D children/adolescents with shorter ATL tend to have higher BMI-SDS. Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with higher BMI-SDS, while associations between vitamin D serum levels, age at the onset of T1D, glycated haemoglobin and ATL were not observed. Additional studies with more participants are required to clarify the role of the telomere dynamics in T1D aetiology and development of complications. 相似文献6.
David
iek Jernej tublar Miha Weiss Matev Jan 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》2021,44(1):199-202
Pediatric patients with complete congenital atrio‐ventricular (AV) block are generally exposed to life‐long dyssynchronous right ventricular (RV) pacing. His bundle pacing (HBP) is an alternative method of pacing that better restores physiological ventricular activation which could prevent pacing‐induced cardiomyopathy. We present a case of a 5‐year‐old child with complete AV block who underwent successful permanent HBP implantation. Three‐dimensional electro‐anatomical mapping system was used to facilitate the procedure and reduce the fluoroscopy time. There were no acute procedure‐related complications, and electrical parameters were stable at short‐term follow‐up. 相似文献
7.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of training with reduced breathing frequency (RBF) on tidal volume during incremental exercise where breathing frequency was restricted and on ventilatory response during exercise when breathing a 3% CO2 mixture. Twelve male participants were divided into two groups: experimental (Group E) and control (Group C). Both groups participated three cycle ergometry interval training sessions per week for six weeks. Group E performed it with RBF i.e. 10 breaths per minute and group C with spontaneous breathing. After training Group E showed a higher vital capacity (+8 ± 8%; p = 0.02) and lower ventilatory response during exercise when breathing a 3% CO2 mixture (-45 ± 27%; p = 0.03) compared with pre-training. These parameters were unchanged in Group C. Post-training peak power output with RBF (PPORBF) was increased in both groups. The improvement was greater in Group E (+42 ± 11%; p < 0.01) than in Group C (+11 ± 9%; p = 0.03). Tidal volume at PPORBF was higher post-training in Group E (+41 ± 19%; p = 0.01). The results of the present study indicate that RBF training during cycle ergometry exercise increased tidal volume during incremental exercise where breathing frequency was restricted and decreased ventilatory sensitivity during exercise when breathing a 3% CO2 mixture.
Key Points
- Training with a reduced breathing frequency during exercise decreased ventilator sensitivity to carbon dioxide. In addition, it increased minute ventilation during exercise with imposed reduced breathing frequency.
- Training with reduced breathing frequency could not be realized at higher intensity of exercise due to the additional stress caused by such a breathing pattern. Therefore the improvement in aerobic endurance (considering peak oxygen uptake) could not be expected after this kind of training.
8.
Prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis in Slovenia by serological screening of pregnant women 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Logar J Petrovec M Novak-Antolic Z Premru-Srsen T Cizman M Arnez M Kraut A 《Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases》2002,34(3):201-204
A programme for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis in Slovenia involving the screening of pregnant women for Toxoplasma infection is presented. Of 21,270 pregnant women screened for toxoplasmosis between, 1996 and the end of 1999, 13,987 (66%) were seronegative, 7,151 (34%) seropositive and 132 had primary infection; approximately 9/1,000 women were at risk of acquiring the primary infection. One hundred live-born infants of primary infected women were available for follow-up. Nine infected but asymptomatic children were born to mothers who were screened and treated in time and two congenitally infected babies were born to mothers in whom infection was detected too late in pregnancy and who therefore received no adequate treatment. It is suggested that the results obtained in this study outweigh the cost of screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Pregnant women should always be tested at the beginning of pregnancy and, in cases of seronegativity, should be re-tested in the second and third trimesters of the pregnancy. Toxoplasma primary infected pregnant women and neonates should be treated as soon as possible. However, long-term follow-up of children born to primary infected women would be necessary for an accurate evaluation of the effectiveness of the screening because of the possibility of late onset of symptoms. 相似文献
9.
Jelenić S 《Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju》2005,56(2):185-193
Scientists started applying genetic engineering techniques to improve crops two decades ago; about 70 varieties obtained via genetic engineering have been approved to date. Although genetic engineering offers the most precise and controllable genetic modification of crops in entire history of plant improvement, the site of insertion of a desirable gene cannot be predicted during the application of this technology. As a consequence, unintended effects might occur due to activation or silencing of genes, giving rise to allergic reactions or toxicity. Therefore, extensive chemical, biochemical and nutritional analyses are performed on each new genetically engineered variety. Since the unintended effects may be predictable on the basis of what is known about the insertion place of the transgenic DNA, an important aim of plant biotechnology is to define techniques for the insertion of transgene into the predetermined chromosomal position (gene targeting). Although gene targeting cannot be applied routinely in crop plants, given the recent advances, that goal may be reached in the near future. 相似文献
10.
To identify the group of patients with gastric cancer who can benefit from extensive lymphadenectomy and to offer a rational approach to lymph node dissection, it is important to know the incidence of metastases at each lymph node station. A computer program was developed for assessment of lymph node involvement and survival time in each individual case according to preoperative variables. In patients who have undergone R0 resection with D2 lymphadenectomy, differences between the individual results generated by the computer and the actual data were compared. A cutoff point of 10% in the prediction of metastases was used as a positive result. The computer program made false predictions in 9% of patients for the pN status (3% lower and 6% higher than the actual status). Computerized prediction of 5-year survival was close to the rate calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method (55.5% vs 56.1%). Preoperative computer analysis of patient data and tumor characteristics offers a rational approach to individualizing tumor therapy] where the extent of lymph node dissection is tailored to the type, site, and stage of the tumor, thereby minimizing the disadvantages (morbidity, mortality) associated with the extensive operative procedure. 相似文献