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D B Irving J L Cook H B Menz 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2006,9(1-2):11-22; discussion 23-4
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Relationship between transmitter release and presynaptic calcium influx when calcium enters through discrete channels. 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
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R S Zucker A L Fogelson 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1986,83(9):3032-3036
We have used a three-dimensional diffusion model of calcium entering the presynaptic nerve terminal through discrete channels to simulate experiments relating transmitter release to presynaptic calcium current. The relationship will be less than linear, or will curve downward, if calcium channels are well separated. It will resemble a power-law function with exponent less than the cooperativity of calcium action if channels are clustered closer together. Large presynaptic depolarizations elicit more release than small depolarizations admitting the same calcium influx. This occurs because large pulses open more channels near each other, with the result that the calcium concentration near release sites is greater, due to overlap of calcium diffusing from adjacent channels. 相似文献
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The role of the central nervous system in the mechanism(s) involved in acute carotid baroreflex resetting was studied in six conscious, chronically instrumented, aortic-denervated dogs. Dogs were prepared for reversible vascular isolation of the carotid sinuses. Acute baroreflex resetting was induced by holding the left carotid sinus pressure (LCcsp) at a given value for 20 minutes using a pulsatile pressure control system while at the same time keeping the right carotid sinus pressure (RCSP) at a subthreshold level (approximately 40 mm Hg). At the end of the 20 minutes, the LCcsp) was reduced to approximately 20 mm Hg, and a baroreflex (RCSP-mean arterial pressure [MAP]) curve was generated on the right carotid sinus using static-step increases in carotid sinus pressure. At the control LCcsp of 100 mm Hg, the RCSP-MAP baroreflex had a threshold pressure (Pth) of 86.6 +/- 3.1 mm Hg and a set point pressure (Psp) of 104.7 +/- 2.5 mm Hg. Increasing LCcsp) to 140 mm Hg for 20 minutes caused these parameters for the right carotid baroreflex to increase. Pth and Psp increased by 18.4 +/- 4.0 and 14.2 +/- 3.0 mm Hg, respectively (p less than 0.05). The baroreflex curve, therefore, was shifted upward and to the right. Decreasing LCcsp to 60 mm Hg caused Pth and Psp to decrease by 24.7 +/- 5.0 and 18.1 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively (p less than 0.05). The baroreflex curve was therefore shift downward and to the left. The percent of resetting of Pth and Psp was 46 +/- 9% and 36 +/- 8%, respectively, when LCcsp was 140 mm Hg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Background
Chronic plantar heel pain (CPHP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders of the foot, yet its aetiology is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between CPHP and a number of commonly hypothesised causative factors. 相似文献8.
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Nena W. Chin M.D. Ph.D. Irving Chapman M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1988,83(6):667-669
Extensive search of the literature reveals the extreme rarity of true diverticulum of the gallbladder. Its frequency varies from 0.0008% of all resected gallbladders at the Mayo Clinic to 0.06% of a series of congenital anomalies of the gallbladder collected from the world literature. We are presenting a case of a true diverticulum of the gallbladder with sonographic demonstration and focal malignant alterations, neither one of which has been reported previously. The difference between true and false diverticula of the gallbladder is discussed. 相似文献
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