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1.
2.
The spread of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) from nasal mucosa via the olfactory pathway was studied in HPCD pigs. ADV antigen was detected in the epithelial cells, nasal gland cells, olfactory nerve cells and peripheral nerve fibres in the nasal cavity and in neuroglial cells in the olfactory bulb. Results indicate that the olfactory pathway is one of the most important neuronal pathways of ADV infection in pigs. 相似文献
3.
Interaction of Escherichia coli with polymorphonuclear leukocytes in pathogenesis of urinary tract infection in mice. 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
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Two type 1 fimbria-producing strains of Escherichia coli, 31-B and K12W1-3, and two type 1 fimbriae-defective mutants derived from 31-B, BH5 and BH9, were compared for their capacity to induce vesical infection in mice undergoing water diuresis and to interact in vitro with murine peritoneal exudate polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Strains 31-B and BH5 caused rapid bacterial multiplication in the bladder wall after being inoculated intrabladderly; their log-phase cells grown at 37 degrees C, in striking contrast to their stationary-phase or 17 degrees C-grown cells, resisted phagocytic killing by PMN in the presence of normal murine serum. Strains K12W1-3 and BH9 failed to cause vesical infection, and their cells were always susceptible to the opsonophagocytic killing by PMN irrespective of the growth conditions. Nevertheless, the log-phase cells of the three isogenic strains, 31-B, BH5, and BH9, grown at 37 degrees C gave almost the same chemiluminescent response patterns during incubation with PMN in normal serum. The phagocytic resistance in strains 31-B and BH5 was eliminated by briefly treating bacterial cells with EDTA. These results suggest that the two virulent strains may express an antiphagocytic activity during their growth in the bladder and continue to stimulate the oxidative metabolic burst of PMN without being ingested and killed, and that the antiphagocytic activity may be related to a bacterial surface component(s) that is removed by EDTA. 相似文献
4.
Nobuhiko Okamoto Mashiro Nakayama Chie Narahara Han-suk Kim Masashi Fujioka Isao Imada Tatsuya Arai Soichiro Toda 《Journal of human genetics》1997,42(3):441-444
Summary Mevalonic acidemia is a rare metabolic disorder due to mevalonate kinase deficiency which affects the biosynthesis of cholesterol
and nonsterol isoprenes. We report the first case of Japan. The clinical course is characterized by intrauterine growth retardation,
postnatal growth failure, intractable diarrhea, liver dysfunctions and death at three months of age. Dysmorphic features including
triangular face, protrusion of forehead, hypertelorism, low set ears and micrognathism were noted. High mevalonic acid level
was found by GC/MS. 相似文献
5.
Two different strains of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) were inoculated into swine tracheal organ culture. Both viruses replicated in and destroyed the tracheal epithelium and epithelial cells. ADV antigen was first localized in ciliated epithelial cells by fluorescent antibody and immunoperoxidase examinations. Corresponding to the distribution of ADV antigen, many ADV particles were observed in ciliated epithelial cells. Results demonstrated that the tracheal epithelium infected with ADV is reduced in its ciliary activity. 相似文献
6.
Allergen-stimulated interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma production in primary culture: responses of subjects with allergic rhinitis and normal controls. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
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The balance of interleukin-4 (IL-4) to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production that is induced following exposure to common environmental antigens is believed to be instrumental in determining whether hypersensitivity or clinical unresponsiveness results to that antigen. To date, evaluation of cytokine (protein) production has been based predominantly on allergen-reactive CD4 T-cell clones or activation of fresh unselected peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations with non-physiological stimuli such as phorbal myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), anti-CD3 or anti-CD2/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Here, ultrasensitive IL-4 and IFN-gamma assays were optimized to allow direct analysis of antigen-stimulated cytokine production by fresh human PBMC. Primary cultures of cells from grass pollen-sensitive allergic rhinitis subjects and non-atopic controls were stimulated using a range of grass pollen allergen concentrations in the absence of exogenous cytokines or polyclonal activators. The majority of subjects (45 of 52) exhibited chloroquine-sensitive, CD4-dependent cytokine production in allergen-stimulated, short-term primary culture. Median IL-4 production was substantially greater among atopics (13.0 pg/ml versus < 1 pg/ml, Mann-Whitney U test, P < 0.0000001) and IFN-gamma was lower (P = 0.008), providing direct evidence for an imbalance in both IL-4 and IFN-gamma production among circulating, pollen-reactive cells in individuals with seasonal allergic rhinitis. The distinction in the allergen-driven cytokine responses elicited from normal and atopic donors was underscored by examination of the ratios of IFN-gamma:IL-4 synthesis. Non-atopic individuals exhibited intense IFN-gamma dominance of the T-cell response, in marked contrast to that observed among grass pollen-sensitive individuals (median IFN-gamma:IL-4 ratios of 14.0 versus 0.096, P = 0.000002). The observation that essentially all individuals produced IFN-gamma (+/- IL-4) following antigen stimulation in vitro argues that the most relevant consideration in determining susceptibility to immediate hypersensitivity versus clinical tolerance to environmental allergens is not a genetically defined capacity to recognize the antigen (i.e. if allergen-reactive T cells are present in that individual) but the nature of the cytokine response. 相似文献
7.
A monoclonal antibody (MAb) based solid-phase blocking ELISA was developed for detection of antibodies to Nipah virus. The ELISA was designed to detect remaining antigens on the plate with anti-Nipah MAb conjugate after the reaction with sample serum, and enabled simple procedure, detection of neutralizing antibody to Nipah virus, and application of samples from different animal species. Forty of 200 swine reference sera examined were positive by the ELISA, of which thirty seven were found positive by serum neutralization test. Sera from a total of 131 fruit bats captured in Malaysia were also tested and all found negative by the both tests. It is considered that the solid-phase blocking ELISA can be used as a screening test for Nipah virus infection followed by the serum neutralization test as confirmatory test. 相似文献
8.
Kinugasa Eriko Igawa Ken Shimada Hisaki Kondo Morihiro Funakoshi Satoshi Imada Naoki Itami Noritomo Fukazawa Naoki Takubo Ryoko Kawata Yuichi Murota Hiroyuki 《Clinical and experimental nephrology》2021,25(8):875-884
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - The pathophysiology of uremic pruritus (UP), which is characterized by systemic and intractable itching, remains unclear. As interleukin (IL)-31 may be... 相似文献
9.
For human beings, food is a critical contributor to physical well being, a major source of pleasure, worry and stress, a major occupant of waking time and, across the world, the single greatest category of expenditures. This is a first study of the way food functions in the minds and lives of people from four cultures. Adults and college students from Flemish Belgium, France, U.S.A. and Japan were surveyed with questions dealing with beliefs about the diet-health link, worry about food, the degree of consumption of foods modified to be "healthier" (e.g. reduced in salt or fat), the importance of food as a positive force in life, the tendency to associate foods with nutritional vs. culinary contexts, and satisfaction with the healthiness of one's own diet. In all domains except beliefs about the importance of diet for health, there are substantial country (and usually gender) differences. Generally, the group associating food most with health and least with pleasure is the Americans, and the group most food-pleasure-oriented and least food-health-oriented is the French. In all four countries, females, as opposed to males, show a pattern of attitudes that is more like the American pattern, and less like the French pattern. In either gender, French and Belgians tend to occupy the pleasure extreme, Americans the health extreme, with the Japanese in between. Ironically, the Americans, who do the most to alter their diet in the service of health, are the least likely to classify themselves as healthy eaters. We conclude that there are substantial cross-cultural differences in the extent to which food functions as a stressor vs. a pleasure. These differences may influence health and may partially account for national differences in rates of cardiovascular diseases (the "French paradox"). 相似文献
10.
Iijima M Someno T Imada C Okami Y Ishizuka M Takeuchi T 《The Journal of antibiotics》1999,52(1):20-24
IC202A, a new immunosuppressive compound, was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptoalloteichus sp. 1454-19. It showed a suppressive effect on mixed lymphocyte culture reaction with an IC50 value of 3.6 microg/ml and mitogen induced lymphocyte blastogenesis in vitro. 相似文献