全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1025篇 |
免费 | 52篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 50篇 |
妇产科学 | 5篇 |
基础医学 | 106篇 |
口腔科学 | 44篇 |
临床医学 | 80篇 |
内科学 | 201篇 |
皮肤病学 | 40篇 |
神经病学 | 28篇 |
特种医学 | 149篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 174篇 |
综合类 | 42篇 |
预防医学 | 79篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 49篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 27篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 41篇 |
2012年 | 36篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 56篇 |
2008年 | 34篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 48篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 56篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 56篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 40篇 |
1993年 | 37篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1086条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
T Alp Ikizler 《Journal of renal nutrition》2007,17(1):13-16
Insulin deficiency is known to be associated with a state of increased muscle protein breakdown; this process is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Convincing in vitro data are further supported by extensive studies in humans with insulin deprivation and are further substantiated by reversal of muscle protein breakdown with insulin treatment. In patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and diabetes mellitus (DM), muscle protein breakdown is enhanced in both acute and chronic conditions. Recent data also point to the potential protein catabolic effects of insulin resistance combined with insulin deficiency. Because ESRD is associated with a state of insulin resistance, uremic muscle wasting may also be mediated by this pathway. 相似文献
3.
4.
Karen M Majchrzak Lara B Pupim Kong Chen Cathi J Martin Sheila Gaffney Jane H Greene T Alp Ikizler 《Journal of renal nutrition》2005,15(2):217-224
OBJECTIVE: To determine physical activity patterns in chronic hemodialysis patients with a specific emphasis on the difference between dialysis and nondialysis days. Design A cross-sectional single-center study. SETTING: Vanderbilt University Outpatient Dialysis Unit. PATIENTS: Twenty current chronic hemodialysis patients: 10 male, 10 female; 15 black, 5 white; mean age, 50.1 +/- 9.9 years; height, 164.5 +/- 10.9 cm; weight, 82.5 +/- 15.4 kg; length on dialysis, 57.3 +/- 45.3 months. METHODS: Minute-by-minute physical activity was assessed over a 7-day period using a triaxial accelerometer, which consists of raw numbers or counts calculated by the 3 axes of the accelerometer (PA counts). PA counts were extrapolated on a daily and hourly basis. Physical functioning tests included: sit-to-stand, 6-minute walk, and 1-repetition maximal leg press exercise. Laboratory values for serum concentrations of albumin, prealbumin, C-reactive protein, and cholesterol were also collected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: PA counts. RESULTS: Total PA counts were significantly lower on dialysis days when compared with nondialysis days (128,279 +/- 74,009 versus 168,744 +/- 95,168, respectively, P = .025). The average PA counts during the 4-hour dialysis time period were significantly lower on dialysis days when compared with nondialysis days (3,086 +/- 3,749 versus 11,070 +/- 7,695, respectively, P = .001). At postdialysis hours 1 and 2, PA counts on dialysis days were significantly higher than on nondialysis days (11,410 +/- 5,340 versus 9,082 +/- 6,646, P = .008, and 14,048 +/- 9,728 versus 8,662 +/- 6,433, P = .016, respectively). By postdialysis hour 4, PA counts on dialysis days had significantly decreased when compared with nondialysis days (6,068 +/- 6,268 versus 10,512 +/- 7,420 PA counts, P = .01, respectively). From postdialysis hours 5 to 20, there was no significant difference in PA counts between dialysis and nondialysis days. CONCLUSION: This study shows that physical activity is lower on dialysis days when compared with nondialysis days, and this decrease is caused by the lack of activity during the 4-hour hemodialysis procedure. New behavior modification strategies involving physical activity, both during hemodialysis and on nondialysis days, must be examined in this patient population. 相似文献
5.
6.
S. van Ruth† EBL van Dorst‡ MR Canninga-van Dijk§ MS de Bruin-Weller† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2007,21(5):678-680
Cutaneous metastasis of vaginal carcinoma is extremely rare. So far, the total number of reported skin metastasis of vaginal carcinoma is only one. We present another case with an unusual manifestation of vagina carcinoma metastasis: skin metastasis presenting as a leg ulcer on the lower leg. 相似文献
7.
Karen M Majchrzak Lara B Pupim Mary Sundell T Alp Ikizler 《Journal of renal nutrition》2007,17(3):196-204
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to examine the relationship between visceral and somatic protein stores and physical activity in individuals with end-stage renal disease. DESIGN: This was a prospective single-center study. SETTING: The study took place at the Vanderbilt University Outpatient Dialysis Unit and General Clinical Research Center. PATIENTS: Fifty-five patients with prevalent chronic hemodialysis (CHD) were included: 33 males, 22 females, 45 African Americans, 9 Caucasians, and 1 Asian. The mean age was 47.0 +/- 1.6 years, height was 166.4 +/- 13.9 cm, and weight was 83.1 +/- 2.6 kg. METHODS: Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Minute-by-minute physical activity was assessed over a 7-day period with a triaxial accelerometer. Participants were interviewed by a trained registered dietitian for two 24-hour diet recalls (one from a hemodialysis day; one from a nonhemodialysis day). Laboratory values for serum concentrations of albumin, prealbumin, C-reactive protein, and creatinine were also collected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Predictors of somatic protein stores were the main outcome measure. RESULTS: Serum albumin was negatively and significantly correlated with the percentage of fat mass (P = .016) and kg of fat mass (P = .044). C-reactive protein was positively and significantly correlated with body weight (P = .006), percentage of fat mass (P = .017), kg of fat mass (P = .006), and body mass index (P = .004). Physical activity and total daily protein intake were the strongest predictors of the amount of lean body mass (P = .01 and .003, respectively). CONCLUSION: The association between somatic protein and visceral protein stores is weak in patients with CHD. Whereas increased levels of physical activity and total daily protein intake are associated with higher lean body mass in patients with CHD, higher adiposity is associated with higher C-reactive protein and lower albumin values. 相似文献
8.
Localization of a gene for otosclerosis to chromosome 15q25-q26 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Tomek MS; Brown MR; Mani SR; Ramesh A; Srisailapathy CR; Coucke P; Zbar RI; Bell AM; McGuirt WT; Fukushima K; Willems PJ; Van Camp G; Smith RJ 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(2):285-290
Among white adults otosclerosis is the single most common cause of hearing
impairment. Although the genetics of this disease are controversial, the
majority of studies indicate autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced
penetrance. We studied a large multi- generational family in which
otosclerosis has been inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Five of16
affected persons have surgically confirmed otosclerosis; the remaining nine
have a conductive hearing loss but have not undergone corrective surgery.
To locate the disease- causing gene we completed genetic linkage analysis
using short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) distributed over the entire
genome. Multipoint linkage analysis showed that only one genomic region, on
chromosome 15q, generated a lod score >2.0. Additional STRPs were typed
in this area, resulting in a lod score of 3.4. STRPs FES (centromeric) and
D15S657 (telomeric) flank the 14. 5 cM region that contains an otosclerosis
gene.
相似文献
9.
Peritoneal fluid concentrations of interleukin-8 in women with endometriosis: relationship to stage of disease 总被引:7,自引:10,他引:7
Gazvani MR; Christmas S; Quenby S; Kirwan J; Johnson PM; Kingsland CR 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(7):1957-1961
There is increasing evidence that immunological mechanisms play a role in
the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. It was therefore of
interest to study interleukin-8 (IL-8), a chemokine, in the peritoneal
fluid and peripheral blood of women undergoing laparoscopic procedures. The
presence and concentrations of IL-8 in relation to endometriosis,
infertility and abdominal pain were evaluated. Samples of peritoneal fluid
(n = 49) and peripheral blood (n = 50) were obtained from 50 consecutive
patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for various gynaecological
indications (abdominal pain, infertility, sterilization). IL-8 was present
in the peritoneal fluid of most women (87%). The concentration of IL-8 in
the peritoneal fluid was higher in women with endometriosis compared to
women without (P = 0.02). This difference was more pronounced in early
(stage 1) endometriosis (P = 0.001). IL-8 concentrations in the peritoneal
fluid were also higher in women with early endometriosis compared to women
with later stages of the disease (P = 0.003). Peripheral blood
concentrations did not correlate with peritoneal fluid concentrations of
IL-8 and/or the presence of endometriosis. We conclude that IL-8 is an
important factor that may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis
possibly by promoting neovascularization. This information can be a guide
in the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of
endometriosis.
相似文献
10.
Altay Güvenir H Emeksiz N Ikizler N Ormeci N 《Artificial intelligence in medicine》2004,31(3):231-240
A new classification algorithm, called benefit maximizing classifier on feature projections (BCFP), is developed and applied to the problem of diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. The domain contains records of patients with known diagnosis through gastroscopy results. Given a training set of such records, the BCFP classifier learns how to differentiate a new case in the domain. BCFP represents a concept in the form of feature projections on each feature dimension separately. Classification in the BCFP algorithm is based on a voting among the individual predictions made on each feature. In the gastric carcinoma domain, a lesion can be an indicator of one of nine different levels of gastric carcinoma, from early to late stages. The benefit of correct classification of early levels is much more than that of late cases. Also, the costs of wrong classifications are not symmetric. In the training phase, the BCFP algorithm learns classification rules that maximize the benefit of classification. In the querying phase, using these rules, the BCFP algorithm tries to make a prediction maximizing the benefit. A genetic algorithm is applied to select the relevant features. The performance of the BCFP algorithm is evaluated in terms of accuracy and running time. The rules induced are verified by experts of the domain. 相似文献