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BACKGROUND: Optical penalization (OP) has previously been shown to successfully maintain vision in amblyopic eyes of older children when patching compliance is poor and when vision decreases once patching is discontinued. This study shows that the final vision in optically penalized eyes is often better than the vision obtained after patching alone. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: During the 5-year period from January 1992 to February 1997, 28 children aged between 3.7 and 8.2 years (average age, 6.5+/-1.1 years) were optically penalized for an average of 1.5+/-0.75 years. The maximum length of penalization was 3.3 years, whereas the minimum time was 6 months. There were 21 children with strabismic amblyopia and 7 children with anisometropic amblyopia. All 28 children had worn a patch to achieve their best visual levels and then had shown a loss of best vision when occlusion was stopped. Patching was usually resumed and continued until the previous best vision was obtained; at this point OP was started to "maintain" vision. Eighteen of the 28 children have discontinued penalization and have been followed up an average of 1(1/2) years. RESULTS: Twenty-six (93%) of the 28 patients showed an increase in best vision from that found at the conclusion of patching, and 2 patients maintained their vision at the initial level. The average visual acuity at the start of penalization was 20/50 (0.42+/-0.11 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [log MAR]). Final average visual acuity was 20/27 (0.15+/-0.12 log MAR). The average increase in vision was nearly 3 lines or 0.27+/-0.12 log MAR. CONCLUSION: OP alone (without the use of pharmacologic agents such as atropine) not only maintains vision after patching therapy, but also appears to improve the final visual outcome. 相似文献
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目的:考察盐酸特拉唑嗪胶囊的稳定性。方法:通过影响因素(强光照射、高温、高温),加速和留样考察实验,以含量为测定指标,考察胶囊的含量变化。结果:在温度40℃、60℃、光照3500LX及RH75%等因素影响下,胶囊的含量无明显变化。结论:在25℃时,通过经典恒温加速试验推测盐酸特拉唑嗪胶囊的失效期为2年。 相似文献
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Recent developments in neurofibromatoses and RASopathies: Management,diagnosis and current and future therapeutic avenues 下载免费PDF全文
Katherine A. Rauen Susan M. Huson Emma Burkitt‐Wright D. Gareth Evans Said Farschtschi Rosalie E. Ferner David H. Gutmann C. Oliver Hanemann Bronwyn Kerr Eric Legius Luis F. Parada Michael Patton Juha Peltonen Nancy Ratner Vincent M. Riccardi Thijs van der Vaart Miikka Vikkula David H. Viskochil Martin Zenker Meena Upadhyaya 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2015,167(1):1-10
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Schwannomas may occur spontaneously, or in the context of a familial tumor syndrome such as neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), schwannomatosis and Carney's complex. Schwannomas have a variety of morphological appearances, but they behave as World Health Organization (WHO) grade I tumors, and only very rarely undergo malignant transformation. Central to the pathogenesis of these tumors is loss of function of merlin, either by direct genetic change involving the NF2 gene on chromosome 22 or secondarily to merlin inactivation. The genetic pathways and morphological features of schwannomas associated with different genetic syndromes will be discussed. Merlin has multiple functions, including within the nucleus and at the cell membrane, and this review summarizes our current understanding of the mechanisms by which merlin loss is involved in schwannoma pathogenesis, highlighting potential areas for therapeutic intervention. 相似文献
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Schwann cells are glial cells of peripheral nervous system, responsible for axonal myelination and ensheathing, as well as tissue repair following a peripheral nervous system injury. They are one of several cell types that are widely studied and most commonly used for cell transplantation to treat spinal cord injury, due to their intrinsic characteristics including the ability to secrete a variety of neurotrophic factors. This mini review summarizes the recent findings of endogenous Schwann cells after spinal cord injury and discusses their role in tissue repair and axonal regeneration. After spinal cord injury, numerous endogenous Schwann cells migrate into the lesion site from the nerve roots, involving in the construction of newly formed repaired tissue and axonal myelination. These invading Schwann cells also can move a long distance away from the injury site both rostrally and caudally. In addition, Schwann cells can be induced to migrate by minimal insults (such as scar ablation) within the spinal cord and integrate with astrocytes under certain circumstances. More importantly, the host Schwann cells can be induced to migrate into spinal cord by transplantation of different cell types, such as exogenous Schwann cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, and bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells. Migration of endogenous Schwann cells following spinal cord injury is a common natural phenomenon found both in animal and human, and the myelination by Schwann cells has been examined effective in signal conduction electrophysiologically. Therefore, if the inherent properties of endogenous Schwann cells could be developed and utilized, it would offer a new avenue for the restoration of injured spinal cord. 相似文献
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Safety of sofosbuvir‐based regimens after liver transplantation: longitudinal assessment of renal function in the prospective ANRS CO23 CUPILT study 下载免费PDF全文
R. Anty G. Favre A. Coilly E. Rossignol P. Houssel‐Debry C. Duvoux V. De Ledinghen V. Di Martino V. Leroy S. Radenne N. Kamar V. Canva L. D'Alteroche F. Durand J. Dumortier P. Lebray C. Besch A. Tran C. M. Canivet D. Botta‐Fridlund H. Montialoux C. Moreno F. Conti C. Silvain P. Perré F. Habersetzer A. Abergel M. Debette‐Gratien S. Dharancy V. L. M. Esnault C. Fougerou‐Leurent C. Cagnot A. Diallo A. Veislinger H. Danjou D. Samuel G.‐P. Pageaux J.‐C. Duclos‐Vallée the ANRS CO CUPILT Study Group 《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》2018,47(12):1682-1689