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1.
X-linked resistance of mice to high doses of herpes simplex virus type 2 correlates with early interferon production. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
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Mice inoculated intraperitoneally with herpes simplex virus type 2 develop focal necrotizing hepatitis and eventually die from ascending myelitis and encephalitis. The genetics of resistance to the infection were analyzed in crosses between resistant C57BL/10 mice and susceptible BALB/c mice. It was shown that the resistance of C57BL/10 mice to hepatitis induction was influenced by an X-linked dominant gene as previously shown for the GR mouse strain. The course of infection in the liver pointed to early, natural defense mechanisms as being responsible for the difference between the mouse strains, whereas the clearance of virus from the liver, probably mediated by specific immunity, was exerted at the same time and with equal efficiency for all groups of mice. In mortality experiments, resistance was shown to be an autointerference phenomenon in that a considerable number of C57BL/10 mice survived an intraperitoneal injection of 10(6) PFU, whereas all mice were killed by 10(5) PFU. This resistance of C57BL/10 mice to high doses of HSV-2 was retrieved in all groups of F1 mice in crosses between C57BL/10 and BALB/c mice except the (BALB/c female X C57 male) male group, in which the mice receive the X chromosome from the susceptible BALB/c female. Thus, the autointerference phenomenon also seems to be influenced by loci on the X chromosome. A similar pattern of inheritance was observed when early interferon induction (4 to 5 h after infection) in response to HSV-2 was measured. The possible relevance of this early interferon response in conjunction with other potential natural defense mechanisms is discussed. 相似文献
2.
The 5‐HT4 receptor levels in hippocampus correlates inversely with memory test performance in humans
Mette Ewers Haahr Patrick Fisher Klaus Holst Karine Madsen Christian Gaden Jensen Lisbeth Marner Szabols Lehel William Baaré Gitte Knudsen Steen Hasselbalch 《Human brain mapping》2013,34(11):3066-3074
The cerebral serotonin (5‐HT) system is involved in cognitive functions such as memory and learning and animal studies have repeatedly shown that stimulation of the 5‐HT type 4 receptor (5‐HT4R) facilitates memory and learning and further that the 5‐HT4R modulates cellular memory processes in hippocampus. However, any associations between memory functions and the expression of the 5‐HT4R in the human hippocampus have not been investigated. Using positron emission tomography with the tracer [11C]SB207145 and Reys Auditory Verbal Learning Test we aimed to examine the individual variation of the 5‐HT4R binding in hippocampus in relation to memory acquisition and consolidation in healthy young volunteers. We found significant, negative associations between the immediate recall scores and left and right hippocampal BPND, (p = 0.009 and p = 0.010 respectively) and between the right hippocampal BPND and delayed recall (p = 0.014). These findings provide evidence that the 5‐HT4R is associated with memory functions in the human hippocampus and potentially pharmacological stimulation of the receptor may improve episodic memory. Hum Brain Mapp 34:3066–3074, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Birgit Alsbjerg Thor Haahr Helle O Elbaek Rita Laursen Betina B Povlsen Peter Humaidan 《Reproductive biomedicine online》2019,38(5):677-682
Research question
What are the reproductive outcomes of Bologna criteria poor responders undergoing dual stimulation (DuoStim) and subsequent cryopreserved embryo transfer?Design
Case series of patients treated during the period August 2015 to March 2018 in a public fertility clinic. The study included 54 Bologna criteria poor responder IVF patients younger than 42 years receiving a follicular stimulation (DuoStim 1) followed by a luteal phase stimulation (DuoStim 2) within the same cycle, both stimulations being performed with corifollitropin alfa followed by a subsequent cryopreserved embryo transfer cycle. The primary endpoint was the number of oocytes retrieved in DuoStim 1 compared with DuoStim 2. The secondary endpoint was ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) at 12 weeks of gestation.Results
The mean number of oocytes retrieved in DuoStim 1 and DuoStim 2 was 2.4 ± 2.1 versus 3.7 ± 2.6, respectively; thus, a total of 1.2 (95% CI, 0.46–1.96) more oocytes was retrieved in DuoStim 2 compared with DuoStim 1 (P = 0.002). The OPR at 12 weeks was 20% (11/54) in this poor ovarian response population with a mean age of 36.7 years.Conclusions
Luteal phase stimulation results in more oocytes in poor responders compared with follicular phase stimulation. DuoStim, using corifollitropin alfa followed by individualized FSH dosing, appears to be an alternative to conventional follicular phase stimulation, decreasing the risk of cycle cancellation. 相似文献6.
OBJECTIVE: To assess Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) seroconversion in a high multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence area and to evaluate the recall of diagnosed infectious mononucleosis in MS patients. METHODS: The study was based on information or blood samples, or both, from schoolchildren, young MS patients and matched controls. EBV serology was performed on 1154 blood samples. RESULTS : We demonstrate that more than one third of the population in a high MS prevalence area is seronegative to EBV at puberty. This is in contrast to the virtually complete seroconversion to EBV early in life in individuals from areas with a low prevalence of MS. Furthermore, we demonstrate that recall of diagnosed infectious mononucleosis (IM), but not recall of common childhood diseases, is significantly more frequent among MS patients than healthy controls. All MS patients, including patients without prior immunosuppressive treatment, were EBV seropositive. CONCLUSION: During or after puberty, EBV is transmitted to a major proportion of the population in an MS high-prevalence area. Together with our previous documentation of an association between late infection with EBV and an increased risk of developing MS, these data support a role of EBV infection in MS. 相似文献
7.
Reducing the duration of untreated first-episode psychosis: effects on clinical presentation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Melle I Larsen TK Haahr U Friis S Johannessen JO Opjordsmoen S Simonsen E Rund BR Vaglum P McGlashan T 《Archives of general psychiatry》2004,61(2):143-150
CONTEXT: Most studies on first-episode psychosis show an association between a long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and poorer short-term outcome, but the mechanisms of this relationship are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether it is possible to reduce the DUP for first-episode patients in a defined health care area through the introduction of an early detection (ED) program, compared with parallel health care areas without an ED program (No-ED). SETTING AND PATIENTS: We included consecutive patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of nonorganic, nonaffective psychosis coming to their first treatment in the study health care areas between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2000. A total of 281 patients (76% of the total) gave informed consent. INTERVENTIONS: The ED and No-ED health care areas offered an equivalent assessment and treatment program for first-episode psychosis. The ED area also carried out an intensive ED program. RESULTS: The DUP was significantly shorter for the group of patients coming from the ED area, compared with patients from the No-ED areas (median, 5 weeks [range, 0-1196 weeks] vs 16 weeks [range, 0-966 weeks]). Clinical status measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale was significantly better for patients from the ED area at start of treatment and, with the exception of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale positive subscale, at 3 months. Multiple linear regression analyses gave no indication that confounders were responsible for these differences. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to reduce the DUP through an ED program. The reduction in DUP is associated with better clinical status at baseline that is maintained after 3 months. 相似文献
8.
Stomatococcus mucilaginosus was isolated from 8 patients suffering from lower respiratory tract infections over a 4-y period (1999-2003). The infections ranged from mild cases of pneumonia to a life-threatening case of recurrent lung abscesses in a neutropenic patient. The various strains were cultured from specimens obtained by bronchoscopy, blood, and sputum specimens. All strains were fully susceptible to rifampicin, vancomycin and gentamicin. They showed variable susceptibility to penicillin and ciprofloxacin. S. mucilaginosus is likely to be under-reported as a pathogen due to difficulties in obtaining samples for culture as well as misidentification due to its biochemical characteristics. 相似文献
9.
Introduction Job loss may be attributed to a number of causes. The medical profession is often involved in counselling or case work when
citizens are excluded from work for health reasons. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of health related job
loss (HRJL) in a cohort of Danish employees. Methods A total of 39 workplaces with 5604 employees aged from 18 to 67 years participated. Questionnaires were obtained at baseline
and follow up. Participants reported reason for job loss whilst employers’ information provided the date. Hazard Ratios (HR)
for HRJL with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were analysed. Results 4006 responses were obtained at baseline (71.5%), and 3276 (81.8%) at follow up. About 567 (17.3%) had lost their job, and
135 (23.8%) reported HRJL. 51.5% of HRJL was related to pain, disease, or discomfort in the neck, the back, arms, or legs,
and another 23% to stress or stress related symptoms. HRJL involved low reemployment rate compared to non-HRJL. After multiple
mutual adjustments, HRJL among females was associated with reports of a work compensation claim within the year previous to
baseline (HR 3.0; 95% CI 1.6–5.1), high level of health anxiety (3.7; 2.1–6.6), one or more contacts to the general practitioner
in the year previous to baseline (2.2;1.4–3.6), and reported poor leadership quality at work (1.8;1.2–2.9). Among males, HRJL
was associated with high levels of health anxiety (2.5; 1.0–6.2) and repetitive work (2.7; 1.4–5.4). Conclusion About 4% of employees experienced HRJL, which was associated with care seeking and high levels of health anxiety. Further
studies of gender differences in HRJL are warranted. 相似文献