HIV-negative children’s experiences and opinions towards parental HIV disclosure: a qualitative study in China

In HIV/AIDS research, few studies to date have evaluated ways to improve parental HIV disclosure practices using feedback from HIV-negative children who have recently experienced this event. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 children (aged 6–15) who were partially to fully aware of their parents’ HIV status in rural Guangxi, China. Of the 20 children, eight children who were of older age (11.38 years in average) endorsed parental HIV disclosure, five discouraged it and seven expressed uncertainty. Children’s different experiences and attitudes towards disclosure were seen to be associated with their family dynamics (especially the parent–child relationship), social support and care, experiences of stigma and discrimination, psychosocial suffering, comprehension of the disease and the children’s age. Our study contributes to building a child-centered comprehensive understanding for Chinese parental HIV disclosure. It is imperative that counselors and community advocates assess and help parents achieve optimal readiness preceding disclosure of their illness to their HIV-negative children.     

Health-Related Quality of Life in KEYNOTE-010: a Phase II/III Study of Pembrolizumab Versus Docetaxel in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced,Programmed Death Ligand 1–Expressing NSCLC

Introduction

In the phase II/III KEYNOTE-010 study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01905657), pembrolizumab significantly prolonged overall survival over docetaxel in patients with previously treated, programmed death ligand 1–expressing (tumor proportion score ≥ 1%), advanced NSCLC. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) results are reported here.

平肝定眩汤治疗肝阳上亢型后循环缺血性眩晕60例临床观察

目的:观察平肝定眩汤对肝阳上亢型后循环缺血性眩晕的疗效。方法:选取2017年6月-2018年10月烟台业达医院收治的后循环缺血性眩晕的患者120例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组和对照组各60例,两组一般的资料经统计学方法,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。两组均给予改善循环,控制血压、血糖,调节血脂,抗血小板聚集等基础治疗。治疗组给予平肝定眩汤,对照组给予平眩胶囊。两组疗程均为4周,观察两组患者治疗前后总体症状,脑血流速度、血脂、血糖等指标改善情况。采用SPSS 11.0统计学软件进行计算。结果:治疗组总有效率91.7%(55/60),对照组总有效率61.6%(37/60),两组疗效比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组三酰甘油(Triglyceride,TG)、血清总胆固醇(Serum Total Cholesterol,TC)、HDL-C、LDL-C治疗后显著改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组TG及TC治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High Density Liptein Cholesterol,HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low Density Liptein Cholesterol,LDL-C)治疗前后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后TC比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose,GLU)明显降低(P<0.05),两组间的治疗后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗后椎动脉(Vertebral Artery,VA)、基底动脉(Basilarartery,BA)平均血流速度(Mean Blood Flow Velocity,VM)明显提高,与对照组治疗后相比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:平肝定眩汤治疗后循环缺血性眩晕在改善患者症状、降低血液黏稠度,改善脑血流状况方面疗效显著。     

针刺手三针及颈夹脊治疗神经根型颈椎病临床研究

目的:观察针刺手三针及颈夹脊治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的临床疗效。方法:选取68例CSR患者,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各34例。研究组、对照组分别有4例、5例患者脱落。对照组给予针刺颈夹脊治疗,研究组给予针刺手三针及颈夹脊治疗,2组均连续治疗7 d。比较2组临床疗效及治疗前后简化McGill疼痛问卷(SF-MPQ)、健康调查简表(SF-36)、田中靖久颈椎病症状量表20分法评分和血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果:研究组总有效率为100%,对照组总有效率为79.31%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,2组生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、一般健康状况(GH)、活力(VT)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)、精神健康(MH)评分均较治疗前升高,研究组上述8项评分均升高更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,2组疼痛分级指数(PRI)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、现有疼痛强度(PPI)评分及总分均较治疗前降低,研究组上述3项细则评分及总分均降低更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,2组症状、体征、工作和生活能力、手的功能评分及总分均较治疗前升高,研究组上述4项细则评分及总分均上升更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,2组血清TNF-α、IL-6水平均较治疗前降低,研究组血清TNF-α、IL-6水平均降低更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:针刺手三针及颈夹脊治疗CSR,可有效改善患者的症状体征,提升其生活质量,降低促炎因子水平。     

肺肠合治法治疗哮喘发作期的机理

中医药治疗哮喘有独特优势,临床上依据肺肠相关理论,采用肺肠合治法常有较好的疗效。本文就肺肠合治法治疗哮喘发作期的机理予以探讨,并对临床应用进行了归纳总结。1肺肠合治法治疗哮喘发作期的机理1．1肺与大肠经脉相互连络《灵枢·经脉》篇曰：“肺手太阴之脉,下络大肠,……上膈属肺……”。“大肠手阳明之脉,……络肺,下膈属大肠     

永存左上腔静脉在心脏直视手术中的处理

自1981年8月至1996年10月施行心脏直视手术1800例，发现永存左上腔静脉（PLSVC）11例，其中引入左心房1例。全部并发于其它心内畸形，且无特异体征。认为本中仔细探查是对PLSVC诊断的重要环节。本文对注意事项以及对不同类型的PLSVC引流入左房的外科处理方法进行了阐述。