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1.
Melinda G Arnett Lisa M Muglia Gloria Laryea Louis J Muglia 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2016,41(1):245-260
The normal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and resultant glucocorticoid (GC) secretion, is essential for human health. Disruption of GC regulation is associated with pathologic, psychological, and physiological disease states such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, hypertension, diabetes, and osteopenia, among others. As such, understanding the mechanisms by which HPA output is tightly regulated in its responses to environmental stressors and circadian cues has been an active area of investigation for decades. Over the last 20 years, however, advances in gene targeting and genome modification in rodent models have allowed the detailed dissection of roles for key molecular mediators and brain regions responsible for this control in vivo to emerge. Here, we summarize work done to elucidate the function of critical neuropeptide systems, GC-signaling targets, and inflammation-associated pathways in HPA axis regulation and behavior, and highlight areas for future investigation. 相似文献
2.
María Cabrerizo Gloria Trallero María José Pena Amaia Cilla Gregoria Megias Carmen Mu?oz-Almagro Eva Del Amo Diana Roda Ana Isabel Mensalvas Antonio Moreno-Docón Juan García-Costa Nuria Rabella Manuel Ome?aca María Pilar Romero Sara Sanbonmatsu-Gámez Mercedes Pérez-Ruiz María José Santos-Mu?oz Cristina Calvo And the study group of “Enterovirus parechovirus infections in children under ?years-old Spain” PI- 《European journal of pediatrics》2015,174(11):1511-1516
3.
Lucio Posteraro Fabrizio Pezzoni Emilio Varalda Gloria Fugazza Anna Mazzucchi 《Journal of neurology》1991,238(6):337-339
Summary A patient who developed a unilateral opercular syndrome following a cerebrovascular accident is described. Computed tomography showed that the lesion did not affect the opercular cortex, but involved deep white matter and the head of the caudate nucleus of the left hemisphere. Persistent hypophonia and transient aphasia were associated. Comparison with previous cases is discussed. 相似文献
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5.
B Saraceno R A Briceno F Asioli A Liberati G Tognoni 《Social science & medicine (1982)》1990,31(9):1067-1071
The experience acquired over the last four years in developing a program of cooperation in mental health in Nicaragua is reported. The concept of 'transfer' underlying the intervention and the general framework of Nicaragua's mental health system is discussed together with the results of the cooperative work. This included organizing training for mental health workers in six teaching and supervision modules, drawing up a mental health manual for primary health care workers, and survey of patterns of care in the 15 existing psychiatric services. Besides the key aspects of general reform of the psychiatric system after the revolution, the paper focuses on differences between organization and patterns of care in urban and rural areas. 相似文献
6.
7.
Sheri A Keitz Gloria J Holland Evert H Melander Hayden B Bosworth Stephanie H Pincus 《Academic medicine》2003,78(9):910-917
PURPOSE: The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) supports 8,700 resident positions nationally to enhance quality of care for veterans and to educate physicians. This study sought to establish a yearly quality indicator to identify and follow strengths and opportunities for improvement in VA clinical training programs. METHOD: In March 2001, the VA Learners' Perceptions Survey, a validated 57-item questionnaire, was mailed to 3,338 residents registered at 130 VA facilities. They were asked to rate their overall satisfaction with the VA clinical training experience and their satisfaction in four domains: faculty/preceptor, learning, working, and physical environments using a five-point Likert scale. Questionnaires were received from 1,775 residents (53.2%). A full analysis was conducted using 1,436 of these questionnaires, whose respondents were categorized in four training programs: medicine (n = 706), surgery (n = 291), subspecialty (n = 266), and psychiatry (n = 173). RESULTS: On a scale of 0 to 100, residents gave their clinical training experience an average score of 79. Eighty-four percent would have recommended VA training to peers, and 81% would have chosen VA training again. Overall, 87% were satisfied with their faculty/preceptors, 78% with the learning environment, and 67% with the working and physical environments. The survey was sensitive to differences in satisfaction among the trainee groups, with residents in internal medicine (IM) the least satisfied. CONCLUSION: The VA Learners' Perceptions Survey is the first validated survey to address comprehensive satisfaction issues in clinical training. The survey highlights strengths and opportunities for improvement in VA clinical training and is the first step toward improving education. 相似文献
8.
Claudio Babiloni Giuliano Binetti Emanuele Cassetta Gloria Dal Forno Claudio Del Percio Florinda Ferreri Raffaele Ferri Giovanni Frisoni Koichi Hirata Bartolo Lanuzza Carlo Miniussi Davide V Moretti Flavio Nobili Guido Rodriguez Gian Luca Romani Serenella Salinari Paolo M Rossini 《Clinical neurophysiology》2006,117(2):252-268
OBJECTIVE: The present study tested the hypothesis that cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms. change across normal elderly (Nold), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects as a function of the global cognitive level. METHODS: Resting eyes-closed EEG data were recorded in 155 MCI, 193 mild AD, and 126 age-matched Nold subjects. EEG rhythms of interest were delta (2-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz), beta 1 (13-20 Hz), and beta 2 (20-30 Hz). EEG cortical sources were estimated by LORETA. RESULTS: Occipital delta and alpha 1 sources in parietal, occipital, temporal, and 'limbic' areas had an intermediate magnitude in MCI subjects compared to mild AD and Nold subjects. These five EEG sources presented both linear and nonlinear (linear, exponential, logarithmic, and power) correlations with the global cognitive level (as revealed by mini mental state examination score) across all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical EEG rhythms change in pathological aging as a function of the global cognitive level. SIGNIFICANCE: The present functional data on large populations support the 'transitional hypothesis' of a shadow zone across normality, pre-clinical stage of dementia (MCI), and AD. 相似文献
9.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured on 254 monozygotic (MZ) and 260 dizygotic (DZ) male twin pairs, during middle age (average age 48 years) and at two later age points. Genetic and environmental components of covariation were modeled by time series. For both measures, shared environmental influences were absent and specific environmental influences were largely time-specific. Although heritability was about 0.5 at each time point, genetic variation present at middle age contributed only about 60% to that present 9 years later, the remaining 40% being new. Fifteen years later, at the third time point, no new genetic variation was evident, variation in individual differences being entirely attributable to genetic differences laid down at the two earlier ages. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
10.
Francisco M. Averhoff Edward Brink Bette Pollard Karen Resha Gloria Bryan Margaret V. Vaillancourt 《The Journal of school health》1997,67(7):304-308
ABSTRACT: On March 11–12, 1996, a workshop on how to implement new adolescent immunization (AI) recommendations was held in Atlanta, Ga. Sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it was a collaborative effort of the National Immunization Program, the Division of Adolescent and School Health/National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, and the Hepatitis Branch/National Center for Infectious Diseases. The workshop brought together organizations and individuals interested in adolescent health and immunizations so they could address how new Al recommendations can be implemented most effectively. This article offers an overview of their discussions and suggestions, including issues of cooperation, education, legislation, and Al program development among health provider organizations, health departments, schools, community groups and various other agencies relating to adolescent health services. 相似文献