Knowledge of the Brain Death Concept in Dominican Immigration Residents in Spain and Florida

The Latin American population has a double way of immigration, one toward the United States by proximity and another toward Spain by sociocultural affinity. This population increase is affecting organ donation and transplantation in receiving countries.

Panhypopituitarism as first manifestation of a lung cancer

Pituitary metastases of solid tumours are infrequent, specially as a first manifestation. When they happen, they are usually due to breast or lung cancer and are asymptomatic or produce diabetes insipidus. It is very strange that they produce hormonal deficiency. We present a case report of a bronchogenic adenocarcinoma in a 65-year-old man which began with panhypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus and visual alterations. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large sellar mass, with clivus infiltration and invading the right cavernous sinus. The biopsy result was adenocarcinoma metastases from lung cancer.     

Cerebral venous and sagittal sinus thrombosis after transcallosal removal of a colloid cyst of the third ventricle: case report

The authors report a case of cortical vein and sagittal sinus thrombosis after a transcallosal removal of a colloid cyst of the third ventricle. Thirty-six hours after the operation, the patient developed focal seizures; after progressive deterioration, he died on the sixth postoperative day. At the autopsy, a venous hemorrhagic infarct in the right frontoparietal area and fresh thrombus occluding the sagittal sinus and cortical veins were found. The mechanism of cortical vein and sinus thrombosis subsequent to this procedure is discussed, and suggestions are made to prevent this serious complication.     

Stimulation of phagocytic function in mouse macrophages by neurotensin and neuromedin N

The neuropeptides neurotensin and neuromedin N (from 10⁻¹² M to 10⁻⁹ M) have been showed in this study to stimulate significantly in vitro several steps of the phagocytic process: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice. A dose-response relationship was observed, with a maximal stimulation of the phagocytic process at 10⁻¹¹ M. The two neuropeptides induced no change of intracellular cyclic AMP in murine macrophages. Moreover, adherence and chemotaxis decreased significantly in the presence of EGTA (1 mM), a chelator of extracellular Ca²⁺, or ryanodine (0.5 mM), a blocker of a Ca²⁺-gated channel from the endoplasmic reticulum, in both controls and samples with the addition of neurotensin or neuromedin N. These results suggest that there is no relation between the cAMP messenger system and the phagocytic process stimulation in murine peritoneal macrophages by neurotensin or neuromedin N. In addition, the results observed with EGTA and ryanodine could indicate that these two neuropeptides produce their effects through an increase of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration.     

A monoclonal antibody, GR7A4, reacting with the T10 antigen

The monoclonal antibody GR7A4 was produced against a human lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-B). Biochemical characterization of GR7A4 was carried out with Raji cells in SDS-PAGE studies. GR7A4 precipitated a 43 kd molecule. The tissue distribution and molecular weight were similar to the T10 antigen. Modulation and capping of GR7A4 antigen reduced its binding ability to cells with either GR7A4 or OKT10. However, the cell surface distribution pattern observed was somewhat different from other similar monoclonal antibodies. Thus GR7A4 reacted greatly with pre-B-cell lines, Burkitt cell lines, EBV cell lines and activated PHA, ConA and PWM lymphocytes, however reactivity with leukemic cells was very limited. The kinetics of appearance of GR7A4 antigen on PWM blasts show that this molecule seems to represent an intermediate stage in lymphocytic activation. The differences in comparison with other similar MAbs are discussed and correlated with the peculiar discontinous pattern of appearance of this antigen.     

Shoulder instability: impact of glenohumeral arthrotomography on treatment

We used arthrotomography to study the glenoid labrum in 114 patients. Sixty-nine of the patients had anatomic instability of the shoulder (including recurrent dislocation and subluxation of the shoulder), and 45 patients had functional instability of the shoulder (denoted by chronic pain, clicking of the joint, and the sensation that an unstable condition exists without the objective signs of it). Labral tears were revealed arthrotomographically in 86% of the patients with anatomic instability, while only 40% of the patients with functional instability had labral abnormalities, and these were primarily of minor severity. Fifty-six patients (44 of whom had anatomic instability; 12, functional instability) required surgery. The surgical findings were correlated with the arthrotomographic findings, and no false-positive results were revealed. However, arthrotomography demonstrated only part of the pathologic condition of two patients. These results confirm that there is a strong correlation between labral pathologic conditions and anatomic instability of the shoulder. Arthrotomographic studies have a great impact on the selection of therapy in cases of both anatomic and functional instability of the shoulder.