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1.
The ultrastructure of the avian Golgi tendon organ (GTO) is described and compared with those of mammals using transverse sections through the myo-tendinous junctions of wing muscles of adult mallard ducks. The capsule, which is continuous with the perineural epithelial sheath of the Ib afferent nerve fiber, consists of four to seven flattened cellular lamellae. Two to four muscle fibers attach to large collagen bundles which enter the GTO through a tight collar at the proximal end of the fusiform capsule. These collagen bundles divide into many smaller bundles, which run longitudinally through the lumen in compartments formed by septal cells. The septal cells contain many prominent lipid accumulations. The Ib axon divides several times, and the unmyelinated branch axons weave between the small collagen bundles. Schwann cell processes or basement membrane usually intervene between the axons and collagen bundles. The small collagen bundles regroup into larger bundles, which pass through tight capsular collars and merge with the main muscle tendon. The size of the duck GTOs was measured and found to be smaller than the GTOs of man, cat or rat. 相似文献
2.
Quraishi ER Goel S Gupta M Catanzaro A Zasuwa G Divine G 《The American journal of gastroenterology》2005,100(10):2288-2293
OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study is to determine if patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) have a higher risk of developing acute pancreatitis (AP) than patients on hemodialysis (HD). The secondary aim is to compare the outcomes of AP between the two groups. METHOD: This is a retrospective case-control study. The study groups consisted of all patients initiated on HD and PD between January 1, 1998 and August 1, 2003. AP was identified using ICD-9 codes. Statistical analysis was carried out using Poisson regression, Kaplan-Meier curve, log-rank test, and Cox regression. RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and thirty-three and 160 eligible patients were identified in the HD and PD groups, respectively. Twenty-eight patients had AP. Eight patients were excluded as they had identifiable etiologies for AP. Of the remaining 20 patients with AP, 14 were in the HD group and 6 were in the PD group (p= 0.009). Incidence of AP was 18.4 per 1,000 person-years in the PD group and 6.5 per 1,000 person-years in the HD group (p= 0.033). Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significant difference in AP-free survival between the two groups (log-rank p= 0.026). Using time-dependent analysis, the hazard ratio for AP in PD patients after adjustment for age and sex was 3.94 (p= 0.006). There was no observed difference in length of hospital stay and ICU stay. All cases of AP were interstitial. There were no complications or deaths related to AP. CONCLUSION: PD is a risk factor for AP. There is no statistical difference in AP-related mortality and morbidity between HD and PD. 相似文献
3.
Mohamed A. Mekky Mohamed O. Abdel-Malek Heba A. Osman Essam M. Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Kader A. Hashim Helal F. Hetta Khairy H. Morsy 《Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology》2019,43(1):82-87
Background
Till now, pooled data about the safety and efficacy of different direct-acting antiviral (DAAs) regimens in different renal situations are still under evaluation.Aim
To evaluate a real-life experience of the efficacy and safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus ribavirin (OBV/PTV/r plus RIB) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).Patients and methods
Between January 2017 and January 2018, an open-label multicenter prospective study was designed to enroll all consecutive patients with proven CHC genotype 4 infections and concomitant ESKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with (HD group) or without hemodialysis (non-HD group). Patients were given a co-formula of OBV/PTV/r (25/150/100?mg) once-daily plus RIB was given for 12?weeks. Sustained virologic response (SVR 12) was the primary endpoint.Results
A total of 110 patients were enrolled. An overall SVR 12 was reported in 104 (94.5%) patients, and treatment failure were reported in 6 patients [2 patients (1.8%) were relapsed, and 4 patients (3.6%) patients were non-responders]. SVR12 was 96% in HD and 91.4% in non-HD patients (P?=?0.286).There were no reported serious adverse events. Anemia was reported in 66.6% (n?=?50) in HD group and in 31.4% (n?=?11) in non-HD group.Conclusion
Although it is still challenging, achievement of SVR12 in patients with chronic HCV and concomitant end-stage kidney disease in the era of DAAs became possible with a 12?weeks course of a co-formula of ombitasvir/paritaprevir /ritonavir plus ribavirin.ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03341988. 相似文献4.
Marilyn W. Butler Doruk Ozgediz Dan Poenaru Emmanuel Ameh Safwat Andrawes Georges Azzie Eric Borgstein Daniel A. DeUgarte Essam Elhalaby Michael E. Ganey J. Ted Gerstle Erik N. Hansen Afua Hesse Kokila Lakhoo Sanjay Krishnaswami Monica Langer Marc Levitt Don Meier Ashish Minocha Benedict C. Nwomeh Lukman O. Abdur-Rahman David Rothstein John Sekabira 《World journal of surgery》2015,39(2):335-342
5.
Ahmed Mousa Altaf A. Kondkar Saleh A. Al-Obeidan Taif A. Azad Tahira Sultan Essam Osman Khaled K. Abu-Amero 《Saudi medical journal》2015,36(6):671-677
Objectives:
To compare the mean total antioxidant status (TAS) among 3 glaucoma types, namely: pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG), primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and study its potential association with various clinical glaucoma-parameters.Methods:
In this case-control study, plasma samples were obtained between September 2013 and October 2014 from 340 glaucoma patients (PEG [n=54]; POAG [n=147]; PACG [n=139]), and 351 controls of matching age, gender, ethnicity, and 5 different systemic co-morbidities from King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The TAS in all samples was determined by a colorimetric-based assay.Results:
The mean±standard deviation of TAS was significantly lower among cases: 0.77±0.32 than controls: 1.1±0.22, p<0.0001. Moreover, the TAS levels were significantly different across the 3 types of glaucoma: 0.86±0.24 in PEG, 0.47±0.32 in POAG, and 0.98±0.41 in PACG (all p<0.0001). In addition, there was a significant correlation between TAS and age at onset (Pearson correlation coefficient [R] 0.17, p<0.0001), cup/disc ratio (R: -0.13, p=0.004), and number of anti-glaucoma medications (R: -0.16, p=0.001).Conclusion:
Our findings provide evidence that plasma TAS levels are decreased in patients with glaucoma, more so in POAG and PEG than PACG, supporting the hypothesis that decreased antioxidative defense and/or increased oxidative stress may have a critical role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy associated with optic nerve damage, and is one of the most leading cause of blindness worldwide.1 Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) as a result of reduction in normal aqueous outflow is a major causal risk factor that is well supported by animal studies.2-4 Although IOP is considered a major risk factor for glaucoma,2,3 other concomitant factors affecting the pathophysiology of glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death include retinal ischemia,5 nutritional status,6 and oxidative stress.7 There is evidence of oxidative damage in ocular diseases, such as cataract and age-related macular degeneration.8 In addition, significant oxidative damage has been demonstrated in human trabecular meshwork (TM) cells of patients with glaucoma,7 causing elevated IOP and visual field damage.9 Furthermore, our previous studies have documented mitochondrial abnormalities10-12 (oxidative stress marker), and glutathione-S-transferase (antioxidant) gene (GST) polymorphisms to be associated with various types of glaucoma.13 It is clearly evident from the literature, and our own studies, that oxidative stress mechanisms play a critical role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Previous studies had demonstrated reduced total antioxidant capacity in aqueous humor and blood samples from patients with glaucoma.14-17 To evaluate the role of oxidative stress in different types of glaucoma we had previously investigated total antioxidants status (TAS) in the plasma of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG) patients,18 primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients,19 and in the plasma of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.20 As an extension to these studies, here, we compare the mean TAS level among these 3 glaucoma types, and study the potential association between the TAS level and various clinical parameters important to each type of glaucoma.18-20 相似文献6.
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