全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1714篇 |
免费 | 101篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 36篇 |
儿科学 | 118篇 |
妇产科学 | 167篇 |
基础医学 | 166篇 |
口腔科学 | 137篇 |
临床医学 | 139篇 |
内科学 | 248篇 |
皮肤病学 | 63篇 |
神经病学 | 129篇 |
特种医学 | 49篇 |
外科学 | 207篇 |
综合类 | 32篇 |
预防医学 | 59篇 |
眼科学 | 50篇 |
药学 | 84篇 |
中国医学 | 54篇 |
肿瘤学 | 85篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 33篇 |
2022年 | 46篇 |
2021年 | 72篇 |
2020年 | 39篇 |
2019年 | 63篇 |
2018年 | 72篇 |
2017年 | 63篇 |
2016年 | 89篇 |
2015年 | 76篇 |
2014年 | 94篇 |
2013年 | 103篇 |
2012年 | 130篇 |
2011年 | 159篇 |
2010年 | 81篇 |
2009年 | 94篇 |
2008年 | 128篇 |
2007年 | 103篇 |
2006年 | 101篇 |
2005年 | 96篇 |
2004年 | 67篇 |
2003年 | 61篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1823条查询结果,搜索用时 13 毫秒
1.
Esra Baltacio?lu Ferda Alev Akalin Eda Topalo?lu Erkan Süküro?lu Umit Cobano?lu 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2007,104(6):803-808
Ligneous periodontitis (LP) is a rare periodontal disease in which plasminogen deficiency and fibrin deposition both play a part, resulting in characteristic gingival enlargement and periodontal breakdown. Recent data suggest that oxidant/antioxidant changes are significant in the pathology of oral diseases. This study examines the gingival histopathology in 2 cases with LP. To examine the antioxidant (AO) status, the activity of the major AOs glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a product of lipid peroxidation, were measured and compared with healthy control subjects. The histopathologic examination of the gingiva revealed subepithelial fibrin accumulation and irregular extensive downward proliferation of the epithelium. Biochemical analysis showed that the CAT, GST, and MDA levels were higher in LP patients than in the control subjects, and the GSH level was lower. Our preliminary findings show that in LP, the AO capacity of the gingiva changes or decreases and lipid peroxidation increases, which suggests that oxidative stress is involved in the pathology of the periodontal breakdown observed in this disease. 相似文献
2.
Expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its mRNA in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
P. F. Piguet C. Ribaux V. Karpuz G. E. Grau Y. Kapanci 《The American journal of pathology》1993,143(3):651-655
The expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and its mRNA was investigated in surgical biopsies from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and Northern blotting. Normal areas of lungs resected for cancer were used as controls. Tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA levels were higher in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis than in normal lungs as determined by Northern blots. In normal lungs, tumor necrosis factor alpha and its mRNA were identified in alveolar and interstitial macrophages. In fibrotic lungs, tumor necrosis factor alpha was detected in macrophages and, to a greater extent, in epithelial cells (presumably type II cells) lining the thickened septae. Tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA was found only in some interstitial cells and some of the cells lining the alveolar septae. An elevated concentration of tumor necrosis factor = alpha, particularly within the alveolar epithelium, might contribute to the alveolar damage and proliferation of interstitial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 相似文献
3.
Gusakova Staci Chin Kristi Ascigil Esra Conley Terri D. Chakravarty Deepalika Neilands Torsten B. Hoff Colleen C. Darbes Lynae A. 《Archives of sexual behavior》2021,50(4):1419-1431
Archives of Sexual Behavior - Male couples in open relationships tend to have as equally fulfilling relationships as monogamous male couples; however, less is known about communication differences... 相似文献
4.
Esra Arslan Ate Ceren Alavanda enol Demir alayan Keklikkran Wafi Attaallah Osman Cavit
zdoan Ahmet lter Güney 《The Turkish journal of gastroenterology》2022,33(2):81
BackgroundFamilial adenomatous polyposis (OMIM #175100) and MUTYH-associated polyposis (OMIM #608456) are rare cancer-prone disorders characterized by hundreds of adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum, which have a high probability of malignant transformation. Attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis is a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis, which is a term used for the condition in which patients have less than 100 colorectal polyps. Germline heterozygous Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and biallelic MUTYH (mutY DNA glycosylase) pathogenic variations are responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis and MUTYH-associated polyposis respectively. The aim of this study is to discuss the clinical manifestations of patients having pathogenic APC and MUTYH variations.MethodsWe included 27 probands who have more than 10 colonic polyps in this study. After evaluation of their clinical and family histories, the probands were screened for APC and MUTYH variations via next generation sequencing. The family members of the probands carrying pathogenic variations were screened via Sanger sequencing. ResultsAmong 27 probands, pathogenic APC and MUTYH variations were detected in 3 and 6 probands respectively. In the APC gene, 3 novel truncating variations (p.Leu360*, p.Leu1489Phefs*23, and p.Leu912*) were detected in 3 unrelated probands. In the MUTYH gene, only 2 distinct pathogenic variations were detected (p.Pro295Leu and p.Glu480del) in the homozygous or compound heterozygous state.ConclusionIn this study, molecular etiology was clarified in 9 familial polyposis patients. The p.Pro295Leu and p.Glu480del variations seem to be common in the Turkish population and may be considered as a first-step genetic test in Turkish familial polyposis patients showing autosomal recessive inheritance. However more studies are needed to reveal the exact frequency of these variations. 相似文献
5.
Esra Yildirim Uzay Koc Vural Filiz Yalcin Cakir Sevil Gurgan 《Acta stomatologica Croatica》2022,56(2):120
ObjectiveThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of four over-the-counter (OTC) whitening products on the microhardness, surface roughness, color, shear bond strength (SBS) and surface charecteristics of human enamel compared with a product used for dentist-supervised home whitening.Materials and methodsSeventy eight enamel specimens allocated into 6 groups (n=13): 1-Opalescence PF 10% (OP) dentist prescribed home whitening product, 2-Opalescence Go prefilled tray (PT), 3-Opalescence Whitening Toothpaste (WT), 4-Listerine Healthy White whitening mouth rinse (WMR), 5-Cavex Bite&White whitening pen (WP) and 6- no treatment (Con). The microhardness (VHN), surface roughness (Ra) and color of the specimens were measured (T0). The specimens were then subjected to whitening protocols for 14 days (T1.) followed by artificial saliva storage for 14 days (T2). The measurements were repeated at T1 and T2. The SBS test was done after the application of 35% phosphoric acid (Scotchbond Universal Etchant), followed by a universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond) and a micro hybrid/universal resin composite (Essentia) into a Teflon tube attached to the enamel surface (p<0.05). Surface morphologies of the enamel surfaces were examined by SEM. p value was set at 0.05ResultsApplication of OP, PT and WP decrased the microhardness of enamel specimens (p<0.05) whereas, no significant changes were seen in the microhardness of enamel specimens treated with WT and WMR (p>0.05). Ra values of enamel specimens increased with the application of OP, PT and WT (p<0.05); whereas no changes were observed after the applications of WMR and WP (p>0.05). OP, PT, WMR, and WP changed the color of the enamel(p<0.05). There were not any significant differences among the SBSs groups, apart from OP applied enamel specimens. OP showed the least SBS values (p=0.001). SEM observations revealed smooth enamel surfaces.ConclusionsThe whitening products affected the microhardness, surface roughness, color of enamel differently. Only OP decreased the SBS of the enamel. 相似文献
6.
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Rhododendron ponticum L. (Ericaceae) is used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and to alleviate rheumatic pain and against toothache in Turkish traditional medicine. 相似文献
7.
Yilmaz N Pektas M Tonguc E Kilic S Gulerman C Gungor T Mollamahmutoglu L 《The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research》2008,34(3):384-391
AIM: This study aims to investigate the existence of any relationship between homocysteine levels and insulin resistance in Turkish women with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS: A case-controlled, cross-sectional, observational study was undertaken in a total of 94 infertile Turkish women who required professional help in the Department of Infertility of Dr Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Education Hospital. The correlation between serum homocysteine with age, body mass index, hormone profile, fasting insulin and glucose concentrations and insulin resistance were examined in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and the results were compared to those of women with normal ovaries, who served as a control group. RESULTS: The mean serum fasting glucose and insulin levels, thus insulin resistance index of women with polycystic ovary syndrome, were significantly higher than those of the control subjects. The mean serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome than those in the control group. A positive correlation was detected between the mean homocysteine, the insulin resistance index determined by homeostasis model assessment and the fasting insulin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. CONCLUSIONS: Serum homocysteine levels are elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, and this elevation is associated with the serum insulin level rather than androgen excess. The intense treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome might improve reproductive outcome and contribute to protection from cardiovascular risks. 相似文献
8.
In this case report, a rare example of a pregnant woman with a huge adrenal cyst is reported. No other published reports were found to have an outcome like the present case. A 27-year-old primiparous patient admitted to our clinic with complaints of gaining weight, abdominal distension and dyspnea. On physical examination abdominal distension was prominent. She weighed 78 kg. At abdominal ultrasonography, there was an 11 week, single live fetus within the uterine cavity. There was also an approximately 30 x 40 cm sized cyst. The origin of the cyst could not be detected by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. It was suspected to originate from the ovaries. Tumor markers and other laboratory tests were normal. Laparotomy was planned. During laparotomy, it was observed that there was a huge, thin capsulated cystic lesion filling the abdomen. The uterus and bilateral ovaries were normal. Eleven liters of yellow-colored fluid was drained from the cyst. At exploration, the cyst capsule was originating from a right adrenal lodge and was extirpated. The postoperative weight of the patient decreased to 67 kg. On the third postoperative day, the patient was discharged without any problems. The pathology result of the patient was reported as an epithelial adrenal cyst. The patient did not have any problems on antenatal follow up and had a cesarean delivery at term for cephalopelvic disproportion. A 3500 g, healthy female fetus was delivered. 相似文献
9.
Peng Wang Esra Karakose Carmen Argmann Huan Wang Metodi Balev Rachel I. Brody Hembly G. Rivas Xinyue Liu Olivia Wood Hongtao Liu Lauryn Choleva Dan Hasson Emily Bernstein Joao A. Paulo Donald K. Scott Luca Lambertini James A. DeCaprio Andrew F. Stewart 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2022,132(15)
10.
Nilüfer Aylin Acet
ztürk Asli G. Dilektasli
zge AydnGülü Ezgi Demirden Funda Cokun Ahmet Ursava Mehmet Karada Esra Uzaslan 《The clinical respiratory journal》2022,16(1):49
IntroductionEosinophilic airway inflammation is a recognized inflammatory pattern in subgroups of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are still conflicting results between various studies concerning the effect of eosinophils in COPD patients. Our aim with this study was to evaluate eosinophilic inflammation and its relation to the clinical characteristics in a group of COPD patients.MethodsStable COPD patients with FEV1% predicted < 50 or with ≥ 1 exacerbation leading to hospital admission or ≥2 moderate or severe exacerbation history were consecutively enrolled from outpatient clinics.ResultsWe included 90 male COPD patients, with a mean age of 63.3 ± 9.2. Mean FEV1% predicted was 35.9 ± 11.3. Eosinophilic inflammation (eosinophil percentage ≥2%) was evident in 54 (60%) of the patients. Participants with eosinophilic inflammation were significantly older and had better FEV1 predicted % values. Eosinophilic COPD patients were characterized with better quality of life and fewer symptoms. COPD patients with noneosinophilic inflammation used supplemental long‐term oxygen therapy (LTOT) more frequently compared to patients with eosinophilic inflammation (36.1% vs. 14.8%, p = 0.01). Eosinophilic inflammation is associated with less dyspnea severity measured by mMRC (OR: 0.542 95% CI: 0.342–0.859, p = 0.009) and less LTOT use (OR: 0.334 95% CI: 0.115–0.968, p = 0.04) regardless of age, severity of airflow limitation, and having frequent exacerbation phenotype.ConclusionOur study supports the growing evidence for a potential role of eosinophilic inflammation phenotype in COPD with distinctive clinical characteristics. Eosinophilic inflammation is inversely associated with dyspnea severity measured by mMRC and LTOT use independently from age, total number of exacerbations, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score and FEV1% predicted. 相似文献