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1.
Theoharis C. Theoharides Duraisamy Kempuraj Michael Tagen Pio Conti Dimitris Kalogeromitros 《Immunological reviews》2007,217(1):65-78
Summary: Mast cells are well known for their involvement in allergic and anaphylactic reactions, during which immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor (FcɛRI) aggregation leads to exocytosis of the content of secretory granules (1000 nm), commonly known as degranulation, and secretion of multiple mediators. Recent findings implicate mast cells also in inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, where mast cells appear to be intact by light microscopy. Mast cells can be activated by bacterial or viral antigens, cytokines, growth factors, and hormones, leading to differential release of distinct mediators without degranulation. This process appears to involve de novo synthesis of mediators, such as interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor, with release through secretory vesicles (50 nm), similar to those in synaptic transmission. Moreover, the signal transduction steps necessary for this process appear to be largely distinct from those known in FcɛRI-dependent degranulation. How these differential mast cell responses are controlled is still unresolved. No clinically available pharmacological agents can inhibit either degranulation or mast cell mediator release. Understanding this process could help develop mast cell inhibitors of selective mediator release with novel therapeutic applications. 相似文献
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IL-10, an inflammatory/inhibitory cytokine,but not always 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
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Mathiyalagan Sivasankari Duraisamy Senbagam Balakrishnan Senthilkumar Kumarasamy Anbarasu Raju Amutha 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2021,91(2):441-453
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - L-asparaginase (ASNase), a tetrameric enzyme, holds comprehensive applications in food industries as a... 相似文献
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Ganesh-Babu B Subburaman John H Kempen Saravanan Durairaj Vijayakumar Balakrishnan Vijayakumar Valaguru Venkatesh Prajna Namperumalsamy Ravilla Duraisamy Thulasiraj Sachin Gupta 《Indian journal of ophthalmology》2020,68(10):2094
Purpose:To identify factors affecting family members'' decision whether to donate eye organs.Methods:A community-based case-control study based on in-home interviews with families of deceased individuals who had or had not donated eye organs, in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, India. Data collected were knowledge and awareness of eye donations, whether the deceased individual had expressed or pledged willingness to donate, and family members'' attitudes and willingness to donate their own eye organs.Results:Seventy-six families of donors and 256 families of non-donors completed the survey. Multivariable analysis showed that the following variables were significantly associated with a donation: age, whether the deceased had registered for eye donation, pre-expressed willingness of deceased to donate, whether family members personally know beneficiaries of eye donations, and higher score on a scale evaluating knowledge and awareness about eye donation. The majority of donors'' families (71%) had been encouraged by someone to donate. Among non-donor families, a substantially larger fraction (52.8%) indicated they would have donated had someone reminded or encouraged them to do so, in comparison with those who indicated lack of awareness or knowledge (14.5%).Conclusion:Community programs are likely to be effective if they encourage individuals to pledge their eyes or express their willingness to donate their eyes to family members in advance of death; they increase public awareness of the value of eye donation. A friend, family member, neighbor or counselor approaching bereaved families and having a dialogue about eye donation would substantially increase the probability of a decision to donate. 相似文献
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The missense mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene 677C-->T is associated with modest elevation of homocysteine levels. The bio-ecogenetics factors of total homocysteine levels (tHcy) were investigated in a cross sectional study involving 53 randomly selected healthy Malay subjects. Results indicated that the prevalence of the homozygous 677T/T was 3.8% and heterozygous 677C/T was 17.0%. The levels of tHcy was higher in subjects aged more than 50 years (n = 7, 11.53 +/- 4.45 mumol/l) and in males (10.99 +/- 3.77 mumol/l) especially smoking males (12.19 +/- 3.62 mumol/l). THcy levels were low in the 3 pregnant subjects (4.44 mumol/l, p = 0.036) who were under folate supplementation. 相似文献
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Isaac Samuel Zuobiao Yuan David K. Meyerholz Erik Twait Deborah E. Williard Duraisamy Kempuraj 《Pancreatology》2010,10(5):536-544
Background: Suitable experimental models of gallstone pancreatitis with systemic inflammation and mortality are limited. We developed a novel murine model of duct-ligation-induced acute pancreatitis associated with multiorgan dysfunction and severe mortality. Methods: Laparotomy was done on C57/BL6 mice followed by pancreatic duct (PD) ligation, bile duct (BD) ligation without PD ligation, or sham operation. Results: Only mice with PD ligation developed acute pancreatitis and had 100% mortality. Pulmonary compliance was significantly reduced after PD ligation but not BD ligation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid neutrophil count and interleukin-1 β concentration, and the plasma creatinine level, were significantly elevated with PD ligation but not BD ligation. Pancreatic nuclearfactor kB (p65) and activator protein 1 (c-Jun) were activated within 1 h of PD ligation. Conclusion: PD-ligation-induced acute pancreatitis in mice is associated with systemic inflammation, acute lung injury, multiorgan dysfunction and death. The development of this novel model is an exciting and notable advance in the field. 相似文献
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Papaliodis D Boucher W Kempuraj D Michaelian M Wolfberg A House M Theoharides TC 《The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics》2008,327(3):665-672
Niacin lowers serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides, and it raises high-density lipoprotein. However, most patients experience cutaneous warmth and vasodilation (flush). Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) can reduce this flush, presumably by decreasing prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)) release from macrophages. Here, we show that methylnicotinate induces significant PGD(2) release from human mast cells and serotonin from human platelets. Intradermal injection of methylnicotinate induces rat skin vasodilation and vascular permeability. Niacin increases plasma PGD(2) and serotonin in a rat model of flush. The phenothiazine prochlorperazine, the H(1), serotonin receptor antagonist cyproheptadine, and the specific serotonin receptor-2A antagonist ketanserin inhibit niacin-induced temperature increase by 90% (n = 5, p < 0.05), 90 and 50% (n = 3, p < 0.05), and 85% (n = 6, p = 0.0008), respectively, in this animal model. These results indicate that niacin-induced flush involves both PGD(2) and serotonin, suggesting that drugs other than ASA are required to effectively inhibit niacin-induced flush. 相似文献