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1.
Well‐being,health and fitness of children who use wheelchairs: Feasibility study protocol to develop child‐centred ‘keep‐fit’ exercise interventions
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2.
Clint R. Bellenger John B. Arnold Jonathan D. Buckley Dominic Thewlis Joel T. Fuller 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(3):294-299
Objectives
To investigate whether functional overreaching affects locomotor system behaviour when running at fixed relative intensities and if any effects were associated with changes in running performance.Design
Prospective intervention study.Methods
Ten trained male runners completed three training blocks in a fixed order. Training consisted of one week of light training (baseline), two weeks of heavy training designed to induce functional overreaching, and ten days of light taper training designed to allow athletes to recover from, and adapt to, the heavy training. Locomotor behaviour, 5-km time trial performance, and subjective reports of training status (Daily Analysis of Life Demands for Athletes (DALDA) questionnaire) were assessed at the completion of each training block. Locomotor behaviour was assessed using detrended fluctuation analysis of stride intervals during running at speeds corresponding to 65% and 85% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) at baseline.Results
Time trial performance (effect size ±95% confidence interval (ES): 0.16 ± 0.06; p < 0.001), locomotor behaviour at 65% HRmax (ES: ?1.12 ± 0.95; p = 0.026), and DALDA (ES: 2.55 ± 0.80; p < 0.001) were all detrimentally affected by the heavy training. Time trial performance improved relative to baseline after the taper (ES: ?0.16 ± 0.10; p = 0.003) but locomotor behaviour at 65% HRmax (ES: ?1.18 ± 1.17; p = 0.048) and DALDA (ES: 0.92 ± 0.90; p = 0.045) remained impaired.Conclusions
Locomotor behaviour during running at 65% HRmax was impaired by functional overreaching and remained impaired after a 10-day taper, despite improved running performance. Locomotor changes may increase injury risk and should be considered within athlete monitoring programs independently of performance changes. 相似文献3.
4.
Transplanting the Highly Sensitized Patient: The Emory Algorithm 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
R. A. Bray J. D. L. Nolen C. Larsen T. Pearson K. A. Newell K. Kokko A. Guasch P. Tso J. B. Mendel H. M. Gebel 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(10):2307-2315
Renal transplant patients sensitized to HLA antigens comprise nearly one-third of the UNOS wait-list and receive 14% of deceased donor (DD) transplants, a rate half that of unsensitized patients. Between 1999 and 2003, we performed 492 adult renal transplants from DD; 120 patients (approximately 25%) had a panel reactive antibody (PRA) of >30%, with nearly half (n = 58) having a PRA of >80%. Our approach is based upon high-resolution solid-phase HLA antibody analysis to identify class I/II antibodies and a 'virtual crossmatch' to predict compatible donor/recipient combinations. Recipients are excluded from the United Network for Organ Sharing match run if donors possess unacceptable antigens. Thus, when sensitized patients appear on the match run, they have a high probability of a negative final crossmatch. Here, we describe our 5-year experience with this approach. Five-year graft survival ranged from 66% to 70% among unsensitized (n = 272), moderately sensitized (PRA < 30%, n = 100) and highly sensitized (>30% PRA; n = 120) patients, equal to the average national graft survival (65.7%). The application of this approach (the Emory Algorithm) provides a logical and systematic approach to improve the access of sensitized patients to DD organs and promote more equitable allocation to a highly disadvantaged group of patients awaiting renal transplantation. 相似文献
5.
PINK1 mutations in sporadic early-onset Parkinson's disease. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Eng-King Tan Kenneth Yew Eva Chua K Puvan Hui Shen Esther Lee Kim-Yoong Puong Yi Zhao Ratnagopal Pavanni Meng-Cheong Wong Dominic Jamora Deidre de Silva Kyaw-Thu Moe Fung-Peng Woon Yih Yuen Louis Tan 《Movement disorders》2006,21(6):789-793
Pathogenic PINK1 mutations have been described in PARK6-linked Parkinson's disease (PD) patients of Asian origin. However, data on the frequency of PINK1 mutations in sporadic early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) Asian patients are lacking. The objectives of this study were to report the frequency of PINK1 mutations of sporadic EOPD in an Asian cohort comprising of ethnic Chinese, Malays, and Indians, and to highlight a PINK1-positive patient who presented with restless legs symptoms. Eighty consecutive sporadic EOPD patients from the movement disorder clinics of two major tertiary institutions in the country were included. We performed sequence analysis of all the coding and exon-intron junctions of the PINK1 using specific primer sets. In addition, we genotyped polymorphisms detected from the analysis in a group of sporadic PD patients and controls. Three different mutations (two homozygous nonsense and one heterozygous missense) in the putative kinase domain were found in three patients, giving a 3.7% frequency of PINK1 mutations in our EOPD cohort. All the mutations were absent in 200 healthy controls. One patient with a novel homozygous nonsense PINK1 mutation presented unusually with restless legs symptoms. Separately, analysis of the frequency of four PINK1 polymorphisms in a group of sporadic PD and controls did not reveal any significant differences. We highlight a 3.7% frequency of PINK1 mutations in an Asian cohort (ethnic Chinese, Malay, and Indian) of EOPD. The phenotypic spectrum associated with PINK1-positive patients may be wider than previously reported. Polymorphisms of PINK1 do not appear to modulate risk of PD in our population. 相似文献
6.
An ecologically based examination of barriers to physical activity in students from grade seven through first-year university 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nancy C. Gyurcsik Ph.D. Kevin S. Spink Ph.D. Steven R. Bray Ph.D. Karen Chad Ph.D. Matt Kwan B.Sc. 《The Journal of adolescent health》2006,38(6):704-711
PurposeThe first purpose was to identify barriers to physical activity that students in grade seven through first-year university experienced. A second purpose was to classify barriers using an ecological framework and to examine the pattern of barrier categories (i.e., intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, public policy, and physical environmental) and specific barrier types as grade increased. The use of an ecological model addressed limitations in prior research revolving around the identification of salient barriers in a manner that makes the design of effective interventions difficult.MethodsParticipants in grades 7–8 (n = 35), 9–10 (n = 67), 11–12 (n = 80), and the freshmen year of university (n = 109) listed barriers to physical activity on an open-ended measure.ResultsFindings revealed a trend for the average number of barriers reported per student to increase as grade in school increased. First-year university students reported significantly more barriers than all other grade groupings. The frequency of barriers reported within the ecological categories was dependent on the specific grade groupings. Further, within each ecological category, distinct barriers were reported across the different grade groupings.ConclusionsFindings highlight the utility of using an ecological model to categorize barriers, rather than simply classifying barriers as internal or external to an individual, as done in prior research. Understanding the pattern of ecologically based barrier categories and specific types of barriers will help to inform the content of future research and interventions designed to alleviate salient barriers to physical activity. 相似文献
7.
R Litzenberger K M Morgan S F Marden K N Jacobs-Irvine S A Bray 《The Journal of cardiovascular nursing》1991,5(2):58-66
This case study illustrates the chronic nature of hyperlipidemia type IIa and the important contribution of the nurse in helping the client adjust life style, manage complex health regimes, and cope with the uncertainty of disease progression and its associated risks. 相似文献
8.
Deborah Bray Preston Anthony R D'Augelli Cathy D Kassab Richard E Cain Frederick W Schulze Michael T Starks 《AIDS education and prevention》2004,16(4):291-303
Research investigating predictors of risky sexual behavior of rural MSM is sparse, even though the prevalence of HIV in rural areas has increased. This study explored two sets of predictors of 93 rural MSM's levels of risky sexual behavior: mental health variables and stigma emanating from men's family members, health care professionals, and people in the rural communities in which they live. Over 47% of the men were found to be at modified high to high risk. Logistic regression using a continuation logit model was used to test the relationship of the predictor variables and the four levels of risk. Findings indicate that self-esteem was predictive of the highest sexual risk behavior but not lower levels of risk. Stigma was predictive of modified high sexual risk when compared to low and no risk categories. No variables differentiated men at low risk from men at no risk. 相似文献
9.
Genetic contributions to Parkinson's disease 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of midbrain dopamine neurons and Lewy body inclusions. It is thought to result from a complex interaction between multiple predisposing genes and environmental influences, although these interactions are still poorly understood. Several causative genes have been identified in different families. Mutations in two genes [α-synuclein and nuclear receptor-related 1 (Nurr1)] cause the same pathology, and a third locus on chromosome 2 also causes this pathology. Other familial PD mutations have identified genes involved in the ubiquitin–proteasome system [parkin and ubiquitin C-terminal hydroxylase L1 (UCHL1)], although such cases do not produce Lewy bodies. These studies highlight critical cellular proteins and mechanisms for dopamine neuron survival as disrupted in Parkinson's disease. Understanding the genetic variations impacting on dopamine neurons may illuminate other molecular mechanisms involved. Additional candidate genes involved in dopamine cell survival, dopamine synthesis, metabolism and function, energy supply, oxidative stress, and cellular detoxification have been indicated by transgenic animal models and/or screened in human populations with differing results. Genetic variation in genes known to produce different patterns and types of neurodegeneration that may impact on the function of dopamine neurons are also reviewed. These studies suggest that environment and genetic background are likely to have a significant influence on susceptibility to Parkinson's disease. The identification of multiple genes predisposing to Parkinson's disease will assist in determining the cellular pathway/s leading to the neurodegeneration observed in this disease. 相似文献
10.
Dominic A. Brandy M.D. 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》1989,13(3):203-207
A modified version of the bitemporal flap can be used effectively for the treatment of bitemporal recessions in one step. The geometry of this flap is discussed along with several precautionary points concerning its use. 相似文献