Scar sign of renal oncocytoma: Magnetic resonance imaging appearance and lack of specificity

This case report illustrates the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of a typically asymptomatic renal oncocytoma as a homogeneous mass of medium signal with a stellate central region of decreased signal, representing the central scar. The MRI was correlated with computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), and gross pathologic appearance. The appearance of a central scar is not specific for oncocytoma and does not exclude renal cell carcinoma, as illustrated by a second case.     

Exercise and global well-being in community-dwelling adults with fibromyalgia: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Background  

Exercise has been recommended for improving global-well being in adults with fibromyalgia. However, no meta-analysis has determined the effects of exercise on global well-being using a single instrument and when analyzed separately according to intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. The purpose of this study was to fill that gap.     

Local hyperthermia of the prostate gland for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy and urinary retention.

Local hyperthermia of the prostate was used to treat 72 patients who had an indwelling catheter because of urinary retention caused by benign prostatic hypertrophy. One month after completion of treatment 50% of patients were able to dispense with the catheter and 1 year later 40% remained catheter-free. The best results were achieved in patients who underwent 6 to 10 treatment sessions in conjunction with cyproterone acetate 50 mg tid administered during the treatment period only.     

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a lung transplant recipient.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a sub-acute, demyelinating disease of the brain caused by a human polyomavirus. We describe a patient with the onset of PML 7 months after lung transplantation. The patient was treated with immunosuppressive modulation and cidofovir, a new anti-viral therapy for PML, with stabilization of the symptoms. We also review the 4 additional reports in the literature of PML after heart and lung transplantation. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy may become more prevalent as the population of heart and lung transplantation recipients increases.     

The conduction system in truncus arteriosus and its surgical significance. A study of five cases.

Atrioventricular block may occasionally occur after surgical correction of truncus arteriosus. We therefore studied the conduction system by means of serial sections in five cases of truncus (one after surgical intervention) to delineate the course of the conduction system and its relationship to the ventricular septal defect and the membranous septum. In general, the ventricular septal defect is in the anterior septum, confluent with the truncus, and the atrioventricular bundle is posterior and unrelated to the rim of the ventricular septal defect. In cases in which the ventricular septal defect is anterior and separated from the membranous septum by distinct muscle, the ventricular septal defect can be surgically closed without injury to the atrioventricular bundle. If the ventricular septal defect is related to the membranous septum, the atrioventricular bundle may be close to the ventricular septal defect and susceptible to surgical injury. If muscle separates the ventricular septal defect from the membranous septum, the branching bundle is close to the ventricular septal defect and also is susceptible to surgical injury. In one operated case there was partial dissolution of the left bundle branch, and the right bundle branch was involved in surgical closure of the defect. In summary, in truncus the conduction system varies in its course and is related to the location of the ventricular septal defect and its relationship to the membranous septum. The ventricular septal defect may be close to or related to the membranous septum, and the atrioventricular bundle and the beginning of the bundle branches may be vulnerable to surgical injury.