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1.
Effect of ozone exposure on allergic sensitization and airway inflammation induced by dendritic cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
P. O. Depuydt B. N. Lambrecht G. F. Joos R. A. Pauwels 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2002,32(3):391-396
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies suggest that ozone exposure is related to increased asthma symptoms. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the principal antigen-presenting cells in the airways. OBJECTIVE: We have examined whether ambient doses of ozone (100 ppb for 2 h) enhance allergic sensitization and/or airway inflammation in a mouse model. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to inhaled ovalbumin (OVA) by intratracheal instillation of OVA-pulsed DCs on day 0. Daily exposure to OVA aerosol on days 14-20 resulted in an eosinophilic airway inflammation, as reflected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung histology. In a first experiment, mice were exposed to ozone or room air immediately prior to and following sensitization. Subsequently, we tested the effect of ozone exposure during antigen challenge in DC-sensitized mice. RESULTS: Exposure to ozone during sensitization did not influence airway inflammation after subsequent allergen challenge. In contrast, in sensitized mice, challenge with OVA together with ozone (days 14-20) resulted in enhanced airway eosinophilia and lymphocytosis, as compared with mice exposed to OVA and room air (1.91 x 106 +/- 0.46 x 106 vs. 0.16 x 106 +/- 0.06 x 106 eosinophils/mL lavage fluid; P = 0.015; 0.49 x 106 +/- 0.11 x 106 vs. 0.08 x 106 +/- 0.03 x 106 lymphocytes/mL lavage fluid; P = 0.004). Ozone exposure without subsequent OVA exposure did not cause airway inflammation. CONCLUSION: Ozone exposure does not increase allergic sensitization but enhances antigen-induced airway inflammation in mice that are sensitized via the airways. 相似文献
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Influence of matching for exposure time on estimates of attributable mortality caused by nosocomial bacteremia in critically ill patients. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Stijn Blot Dirk De Bacquer Eric Hoste Pieter Depuydt Koenraad Vandewoude Jan De Waele Dominique Benoit Johan De Schuijmer Francis Colardyn Dirk Vogelaers 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2005,26(4):352-356
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of matching on exposure time on estimates of attributable mortality of nosocomial bacteremia as assessed by matched cohort studies. DESIGN: Two retrospective, pairwise-matched (1:2) cohort studies. SETTING: A 54-bed intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital. PATIENTS: Patients with nosocomial Escherichia coli bacteremia (n = 68) and control-patients without nosocomial bacteremia (n = 136 for each matched cohort study). INTERVENTION: In both matched cohort studies, the same set of bacteremic patients was matched with control-patients using the APACHE II system. In the first study, control-patients were required to have an ICU stay at least as long as the respective bacteremic patient prior to onset of bacteremia (matching on exposure time). In the second study, control-patients were required to have an ICU stay shorter than the stay prior to the development of bacteremia in the respective bacteremic patient (no matching on exposure time). RESULTS: For bacteremic patients, the mean ICU stay before onset of the bacteremia was 9 days (median, 6 days). In the first matched cohort study, hospital mortality was not different between bacteremic patients and control-patients (44.1% vs 43.4%; P = .999). In the second study, mortality of bacteremic patients and control-patients was also not different (44.1% vs 47.8%; P = .657). Mortality rates between control groups were not different (43.4% vs 47.8%; P = .543). CONCLUSION: Matching or not matching on exposure time did not alter the estimate of attributable mortality for ICU patients with E. coli bacteremia. 相似文献
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Benoit D Decruyenaere J Depuydt P Colpaert K 《Lancet》2004,363(9403):170; author reply 170-170; author reply 171
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Thyromental distance (TMD) measurement is commonly used to predict difficult intubation. We surveyed anaesthetists to determine how this test was being performed. Comparative accuracy of ruler measurement and other forms of measurement were also assessed in a meta-analysis of published literature. Of respondents, 72% used fingers for TMD measurement and also considered three finger widths the minimum acceptable TMD. In terms of distance, the minimum acceptable TMD was felt to be 6.5 cm by 55% of respondents. However, the actual width of three fingers was (range) 4.6–7.0 cm (mean 5.9 cm), with significant differences between genders and between proximal and distal interphalangeal joints. The meta-analysis showed ruler measurement increased test sensitivity (48% (95% CI 43–53) vs 16% (95% CI 14–19) without a ruler), when predicting difficult intubation. 相似文献
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Vandijck DM Benoit DD Depuydt PO Offner FC Blot SI Van Tilborgh AK Nollet J Steel E Noens LA Decruyenaere JM 《Intensive care medicine》2008,34(5):847-855
Objective To compare the characteristics and outcome of patients with hematological malignancies referred to the ICU with severe sepsis
and septic shock who had or had not received recent intravenous chemotherapy, defined as within 3 weeks prior to ICU admission.
Design and setting Retrospective observational cohort study on prospectively collected data in a medical ICU of a university hospital.
Patients 186 ICU patients with hematological malignancies with severe sepsis or septic shock (2000–2006).
Measurements and results There were 77 patients admitted with severe sepsis and 109 with septic shock; 91 (49%) had received recent intravenous chemotherapy.
Patients with recent chemotherapy more often had a high-grade malignancy and were more often neutropenic, less often had pulmonary
infiltrates, and less often required mechanical ventilation. ICU, 28-day, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality rates were 33%
vs. 48.4%, 40.7% vs. 57.4%, 45.1% vs. 58.9%, and 50.5% vs. 63.2% in patients with and without recent chemotherapy, respectively.
Logistic regression identified four variables independently associated with 28-day mortality: SOFA score at ICU admission,
pulmonary site of infection, and fungal infection were associated with worse outcome whereas previous intravenous chemotherapy
was protective at borderline significance. After adjustment with a propensity score for recent chemotherapy, chemotherapy
was not associated with outcome.
Conclusions Patients referred to the ICU with severe sepsis and septic shock complicating active chemotherapeutic treatment have better
prognosis than commonly perceived.
This article is discussed in the editorial available at: . 相似文献
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S. Monstrey H. Hoeksema K. Depuydt G. Van Maele K. Van Landuyt P. Blondeel 《European journal of plastic surgery》2002,24(8):377-382
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This article provides a quantitative evaluation of Varian Medical Systems' beam matching procedure. A one-dimensional y analysis is employed to investigate the level of agreement of matched beams. A customized concept of one-dimensional gamma evaluation was designed. Our algorithm first performs a "local" fit of the reference and the evaluated datasets. For a particular point on the fitted evaluated curve, the y is derived as the shortest distance between the point and the fitted reference curve. This approach removes variations of the obtained y value related to the discrete character and noise in the original datasets. Criteria of 1 mm distance-to-agreement and 1% dose difference were used to evaluate the level of agreement of according profiles. Relative point and profile measurements were performed for all photon and electron beams of two Varian Clinacs 2100C/D. Matched beams show a good level of agreement. 70% of profiles completely pass the chosen criteria. The analysis of remaining 30% of the profiles demonstrates that measurement error becomes a limiting factor in achieving a better score. The highest obtained y value was 1.70. The quality of beam matching allowed us to treat according beams of both treatment units as "identical" and to use the reference beam data for the new unit. Nevertheless, the vendor's acceptance criteria of beam matching are much more benevolent. It might happen that the acceptance criteria are met, however, resulting quality of beam matching does not allow full interchangeability of beams. 相似文献