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排序方式: 共有1028条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Normal cerebral perfusion measurements using arterial spin labeling: reproducibility, stability, and age and gender effects. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Laura M Parkes Waqar Rashid Declan T Chard Paul S Tofts 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2004,51(4):736-743
Before meaningful conclusions can be drawn from clinical measures of cerebral blood perfusion, the precision of the measurement must be determined and set in the context of inter- and intrasubject sources of variability. This work establishes the reproducibility of perfusion measurements using the noninvasive MRI technique of continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL). Perfusion was measured in 34 healthy normal subjects. Intersubject variability was assessed, and age and gender contributions were estimated. Intersubject variation was found to be large, with up to 100% perfusion difference for subjects of the same age and gender. Repeated measurements in one subject showed that perfusion remains remarkably stable in the short term when compared with intersubject variation and the large capacity for perfusion change in the brain. A significant decrease in the ratio of gray-matter to white-matter perfusion was found with increasing age (0.79% per year (P < 0.0005)). This appears to be due mainly to a reduction in gray-matter perfusion, which was found to decrease by 0.45% per year (P = 0.04). Regional analysis suggested that the gray-matter age-related changes were predominantly localized in the frontal cortex. Whole-brain perfusion was 13% higher (P = 0.02) in females compared to males. 相似文献
2.
Tugba Yavuzsen Mellar P Davis Declan Walsh Susan LeGrand Ruth Lagman 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(33):8500-8511
PURPOSE: We systematically assessed the efficacy and safety of appetite stimulants in the management of cancer-related anorexia. Literature databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of appetite stimulants in the treatment of cancer anorexia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies were graded according to quality. Fifty-five studies met inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Only two drugs have evidence to support their use for anorexia (progestins and corticosteroids). There is strong evidence against the use of hydrazine sulfate. The outcomes of these trials have been mixed and patient population heterogeneous. CONCLUSION: The optimal dose, time to start, and duration of treatment for many appetite stimulants for cancer anorexia is still unknown. A more systematic approach to research methodology with universal outcome measure and prospective randomized studies are need. Combination regimens are needed but this cannot at the present time be supported by the data presented. 相似文献
3.
Bernard Stuart Declan Fox Harry Murphy Bryan Lynch J. Loftus E. Naughten I. Saul O. Sheil N. Duignan A. Jackson W. A. Gorman G. Fox T. Matthews T. Clarke Mark M. Reid H. L. Halliday B. G. McClure P. S. Thomas Michael O’Dowd Michael J. O’Dowd Kevin Connolly F. Leahy Dr. R. G. White Ruth Connolly Colm O’Herlihy Alicja Radic Dr. 《Irish journal of medical science》1986,155(6):209-212
4.
Declan Donovan BSc Dr. Judith H. Harmey PhD Deirdre Toomey BSc D. Henry Osborne MCh H. Paul Redmond MCh David J. Bouchier-Hayes MCh 《Annals of surgical oncology》1997,4(8):621-627
Background: Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent angiogenic
factor identified to date. TGFβ-1 acts as an indirect angiogenic agent.
Methods: VEGF and TGFβ-1 were measured in the serum of breast cancer patients and agematched controls and in tumor tissue of cancer
patients by ELISA. VEGF protein and mRNA expression by breast tumor cell lines were examined, and the effect of TGFβ-1 on
VEGF production in these cells was assessed.
Results: VEGF levels were significantly higher (P=.03) in the serum of patients with breast cancer compared to age-matched controls. A positive correlation was found between
serum (r=0.539) and tumor tissue (r=0.688) levels of VEGF and TGFβ-1. Metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells produce more
VEGF than do the primary BT474 cells. TGFβ-1 significantly (P<.05) increased production of VEGF.
Conclusions: Breast cancer cells constitutively produce VEGF protein and mRNA. There is a relationship between VEGF and TGFβ-1 levels
in breast cancer patients, and TGFβ-1 regulates VEGF expression by breast cancer cells.
Presented at the 50th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society of Surgical Oncology, Chicago, Illinois, March 20–23, 1997. 相似文献
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V. Amir-Ebrahimi Declan Byrne James G. Hamilton John J. Rooney 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1995,196(1):327-342
A series of water-soluble conjugated polyenes, based on the poly(furanylvinylene) structure, have been prepared from readily available starting materials using ring-opening metathesis polymerization followed by dehydrogenation of the resulting polymer. 13C NMR analysis of the precursor polymers shows that the stereochemistry of the main-chain double bonds varies from 93% trans to 10% trans and is retained in the water-soluble derivatives, allowing different degrees of extended conjugation. This is reflected in the UV/vis spectra of the materials. The polymers may be cast into films from aqueous solution, and the UV/vis spectra exhibit vibrational fine structure indicative of conformational rigidity; significantly this fine structure is retained on redissolving the high-trans but not the high-cis films. The absorption maximum of the visible spectrum shows a stronger pH dependence in the high-cis polymers than in the high-trans, and this is interpreted in terms of the different modes of hydrogen bonding which cis and trans units can adopt. 相似文献
8.
Zafer Tandogdu Justin Collins Greg Shaw Jennifer Rohn Bela Koves Ashwin Sachdeva Ahmed Ghazi Alexander Haese Alex Mottrie Anup Kumar Ananthakrishnan Sivaraman Ashutosh Tewari Benjamin Challacombe Bernardo Rocco Camilo Giedelman Christian Wagner Craig G. Rogers Declan G. Murphy Dmitry Pushkar Gabriel Ogaya-Pinies James Porter Kulthe Ramesh Seetharam Markus Graefen Marcelo A. Orvieto Marcio Covas Moschovas Oscar Schatloff Peter Wiklund Rafael Coelho Rair Valero Theo M. de Reijke Thomas Ahlering Travis Rogers Henk G. van der Poel Vipul Patel Walter Artibani Florian Wagenlehner Kris Maes Koon H. Rha Senthil Nathan Truls Erik Bjerklund Johansen Peter Hawkey John Kelly 《BJU international》2021,127(6):729-741
9.
The need to embrace molecular profiling of tumor cells in prostate and bladder cancer. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Brian J Duggan John J McKnight Kate E Williamson Maurice Loughrey Declan O'Rourke Peter W Hamilton Samuel R Johnston Claude C Schulman Alexandre R Zlotta 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(4):1240-1247
PURPOSE: Current treatment strategies for urological cancer are still based on empirical formulae as opposed to treatment tailored for each cancer patient. To individualize treatment, the multiple molecular abnormalities within tumor cell populations needs to be mapped out. The aim of this article is to explain molecular profiling (MP) and its associated techniques so that the process is not purely seen as a research tool but as a future adjunctive measure in patient diagnosis and treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A Medline search of publications relating to MP of prostate and bladder cancer was carried out. A review article was written combining the relevant published literature along with the clinical and scientific experience of both centers. RESULTS: The advent of MP now provides a strategy by which these molecular abnormalities can be assessed. As well as being of diagnostic and prognostic use, these molecular profiles will identify putative molecular abnormalities within tumor cells that may be appropriate for therapeutic modulation. CONCLUSIONS: In prostate and bladder cancer, mapping out the molecular abnormalities could be translated into a valuable tool to help solve difficult issues regarding patient management decisions. 相似文献
10.