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1.
Fu-Wei Wang Yu-Wen Chiu Ming-Shium Tu Ming-Yueh Chou Chao-Ling Wang Hung-Yi Chuang 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2009,82(7):819-825
Purpose There has been increasing interest in the occupational health of workers in small enterprises, especially in developing countries.
This study examines the association between psychosocial job characteristics and fatigue, and attempts to identify risk factors
for fatigue among workers of small enterprises in southern Taiwan.
Methods A structured questionnaire was administered to workers receiving regular health examinations between August 2005 and January
2006. The questionnaire collected demographic information and data on working conditions, personal health status and life
styles. It also collected information on psychosocial job characteristics, fatigue and psychological distress using three
instruments.
Results A total of 647 workers with mean age of 43.7 were completed. Probable fatigue was found in 34.6% of the sample. Fatigue was
found by multiple logistic regressions to be associated with the lack of exercise, working in shifts, depression score and
lack of social support at workplace.
Conclusions This study found associations between life style, psychosocial job characteristics and fatigue. Because the high prevalence
of probable fatigue was found in such small enterprises, the authors suggest that a short interview with some quick questionnaires
in health checkup for these small enterprise workers are helpful to early detect psychosocial and fatigue problems. 相似文献
2.
3.
Guo-Lin Wei Juri Melnik Jing-Li Luo Alan R. Sanger Karl T. Chuang 《Journal of electroanalytical chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland)》2005,575(2):183-193
The performances of three widely different cathode materials (Pt, strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSM), and NiO) have been compared for use with proton conducting Li2SO4–Al2O3 composite electrolyte, using H2S–air and H2–air fuel cells operating at 600 °C. Surface analysis and electrochemical techniques were used to characterize fresh and used electrode materials. Pt or LSM cathodes each became covered with Li2SO4 and Al2O3 and, as a consequence, the fuel cells showed poor performance. In contrast, the NiO cathode catalyst did not become covered with Li2SO4 and good fuel cell performance was achieved. Exceptionally good current densities of over 100 mA/cm2 and power densities of over 30 mW/cm2 were obtained for H2S–air fuel cells having Mo–Ni–S anode catalysts. Slight agglomeration of NiO particles during fuel cell operation had only a minor effect on performance. 相似文献
4.
5.
A case of duodenojejunal intussusception secondary to a large hamartomatous polyp of Brunner's glands was reported in a 15-year-old girl. Despite a great preponderance of ileocolic intussusception in childhood, this is the first reported case of duodenojejunal intussusception occurring in that age group. The diagnosis was not made by clinical examination; complete duodenal obstruction was shown in upper gastrointestinal series and by endoscopy. The intussusception was reduced manually at laparotomy, and the polyp was excised. Pathological examination revealed a preponderance of normal-appearing Brunner's glands in the tumor, consistent with the diagnosis of Brunner's gland hamartoma. 相似文献
6.
P Y Chang K C Lin C Y Chuang C R Wang M Y Chen W C Hsieh G R Wang D L Cheng K S Chang Y C Ko 《Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology / launched by the Allergy and Immunology Society of Thailand》1992,10(1):65-68
From May 1, 1985 to December 31, 1991, a total of 4,962,707 serum samples from 8 population groups in Taiwan were tested for anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-HIV-1). In total, 256 samples were seropositive; of these individuals, 43 developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): 29 were homosexuals; 5 were hemophiliacs; 8 were heterosexuals and 1 was of unknown risk. Although the prevalence of HIV-1 infection and AIDS remains low compared with other countries, since 1988 the increase has been rapid. Before 1977 the majority were homosexuals and hemophiliacs; thereafter the risk groups diversified, with a trend away from homosexuals and hemophiliacs towards heterosexuals and intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs). A few patients have caused serious social problems for the public, health care workers and families. Active community efforts are needed to achieve future success in the control of HIV-1 infection and AIDS in Taiwan. 相似文献
7.
Exposure of cultured cerebellar granule cells to glutamate results in a concentration-dependent (EC50 = 22.7 +/- 0.4 microM) and delayed (24-72 hr) neurotoxicity, which is blocked by the specific N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists 2-amino-5-phosphovalerate and MK-801 but is unaffected by the non-NMDA receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. Although glutamate toxicity in these cells is mediated by the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor, pretreatment of cerebellar granule cells with subtoxic concentrations of NMDA markedly antagonizes the neurotoxic actions of glutamate, with an IC50 of 55 +/- 4 microM. The neuroprotective effect of NMDA requires a preincubation time of approximately 120 min to be fully manifested and does not require the presence of NMDA during glutamate exposure. These data demonstrate that NMDA receptors mediate both neurotoxicity and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule cells. Among four glutamate receptor agonists tested (NMDA, quisqualate, ibotenate, and kainate), only NMDA was able to provide a robust neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Quisqualate was neither neurotoxic nor neuroprotective, whereas ibotenate, which was nontoxic by itself, induced a small degree of neuroprotection. In contrast, kainate, which was neurotoxic to cerebellar granule cells, also provided considerable neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Because preincubation of cerebellar granule cells with NMDA fails to alter NMDA receptor-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis or the specific binding of [3H]MK-801 to NMDA receptors, it appears that the neuroprotective effects of NMDA are not due to NMDA receptor desensitization. 相似文献
8.
Further evidence supporting a cause and effect relationship between blood transfusion and earlier cancer recurrence. 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12 下载免费PDF全文
Studies of associations between perioperative blood transfusions and later recurrence of solid tumors have yielded conflicting results. A previous analysis of transfused patients suggested that recurrence was associated with transfusion of whole blood as opposed to red blood cell concentrates. Additional analyses were performed on patients with cancers of the colon, rectum, cervix, and prostate to determine if patients receiving whole blood, red blood cells only, or no transfusions had differing outcomes. Patients receiving 1 unit or more of whole blood had uniformly poor outcomes compared with nontransfused patients (p less than 0.001). In contrast, patients receiving only red blood cells had progressively worse recurrence and death rates with increasing numbers of transfusion, suggesting the presence of a dose-effect relationship. Employing multivariate techniques, blood transfusion of less than or equal to 3 units that included any whole blood were independently and significantly associated with earlier recurrence (p = 0.003) and death due to cancer (p = 0.02). Transfusions of less than or equal to 3 units of blood comprised solely of red blood cell concentrates were associated with no greater risk of recurrence than that seen in patients receiving no transfusion (p = 0.50). These results provide a potential explanation for the disparate results reported in studies of blood transfusion and cancer outcome. The marked difference in outcome seen between patients receiving a few units of red blood cells and comparable patients receiving even one unit of whole blood are consistent with the hypothesis that transfusion of stored blood plasma causes earlier tumor recurrence in some instances. Strategies for reducing these risks might include avoidance of whole blood transfusions when only 1-3 units are required, more conservative transfusion practice, use of autologous blood transfusions, and perhaps, use of red blood cells washed free of plasma and white cell debris. Clinical trials to test these hypotheses are urgently needed. 相似文献
9.
Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) has been recently identified as the principal constituent of amyloid deposits in pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and causes insulin resistance in some target cells. In addition, glucose-induced insulin secretion is inhibited by IAPP. We studied the effect of IAPP on proinsulin biosynthesis in rat insulinoma (RINr) cells. Glucose at concentrations of 0, 15, 30, 60, 100, and 300 mg/dl stimulated proinsulin biosynthesis in a dose-responsive and and actino-mycin D-inhibitable manner after 6 h of incubation. At a glucose concentration of 300 mg/dl, IAPP decreased the mean responses of proinsulin biosynthesis to 61.2 and 29% at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 microM, respectively, compared with the IAPP-free control. In conclusion, IAPP inhibits glucose-induced proinsulin biosynthesis in RINr cells. IAPP might play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 相似文献
10.
Prognostic significance of caspase-3 expression in primary resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Jiun-Yi Hsia Chih-Yi Chen Jung-Ta Chen Chung-Ping Hsu Sen-Ei Shai Shyh-Sheng Yang Cheng-Yen Chuang Pei-Yen Wang Jen Miaw 《European journal of surgical oncology》2003,29(1):44-48
AIMS: The present study retrospectively examines the expression of caspase-3 in primary resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the correlation between the outcome of patients and the expression of proteins. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses were used to analyse the expression of caspase-3 in 40 archival specimens of patients with primary resected ESCC. RESULTS: According to our cut-off point of the staining for caspase-3, 24 (60%) cases were positive and 16 (40%) negative. Caspase-3 expression correlated with a significant favorable prognosis in primary resected ESCC (P=0.02). A multivariate analysis of clinical and biological factors indicated that stage, tumor differentiation, and caspase-3 expression were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Caspase-3 expression might be a good and new prognostic indicator for primary resected ESCC. 相似文献