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排序方式: 共有88条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Solitary bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: CT criteria 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Kuhlman JE; Fishman EK; Kuhajda FP; Meziane MM; Khouri NF; Zerhouni EA; Siegelman SS 《Radiology》1988,167(2):379-382
The computed tomographic (CT) scans of 30 patients with solitary bronchioloalveolar carcinoma were reviewed. Common features at CT included the peripheral or subpleural location of a pulmonary mass (25 cases), pseudocavitation (18 cases), heterogeneous attenuation (17 cases), irregular margins forming a star pattern (22 cases), and pleural tags (21 cases). Using these CT criteria, four independent observers attempted to identify cases of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma from a larger sample of lung cancers and benign lesions by categorizing a series of test cases into four probability categories. Although the bronchioloalveolar carcinomas were correctly ranked in the two highest probability categories 75% of the time (in 45 of 60 cases), there was considerable overlap with other lung lesions, particularly with adenocarcinoma and large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. However, even though the typical features of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma are not invariable or highly specific, they are characteristic enough to suggest the diagnosis. 相似文献
2.
Villinger F Switzer WM Parekh BS Otten RA Adams D Shanmugam V Bostik P Mayne AE Chikkala NF McClure HM Novembre F Yao Q Heneine W Folks TM Ansari AA 《Virology》2000,278(1):194-206
A group of three rhesus macaques were inoculated with SIV isolated from a human (SIVhu) accidentally exposed and infected with SIVsm. Extensive sequence analyses of SIVhu obtained from the human and macaques following infection indicated the presence of truncated nef. Not only did nef fail to repair itself in vivo postinfection (p.i.), but instead, further mutations added additional stop codons with increasing time p.i. Infection of these animals was associated with minimal acute viral replication, followed by undetectable plasma viral loads and only intermittent PCR detection up to 5 years p.i. The three SIVhu infected and three control monkeys were then challenged with the heterologous highly pathogenic SHIV89.6p. All three controls became infected and showed rapid declines in peripheral CD4(+) lymphocytes, disease, and death at 10 and 32 weeks p.i., respectively. In contrast, all three animals previously infected with SIVhu are healthy and exhibit stable CD4(+) lymphocyte levels and undetectable plasma viral loads at >20 months post-SHIV89. 6p challenge. Only transient, low levels of SHIV replication were noted in these animals. Whereas responses to SIVgag/pol were noted, no evidence for SIV/SHIV envelope cross-reactivity was detected by antibody or CTL analyses, suggesting that the protective immune mechanisms to the heterologous challenge isolate were most likely not directed to envelope but rather to other viral determinants. 相似文献
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Characterization of melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor variant alleles in twins with red hair 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
The association between MSHR coding region variation and hair colour in
humans has been examined by genotyping 25 red haired and 62 non-red
Caucasians, all of whom were 12 years of age and members of a twin pair
study. Twelve amino acid substitutions were seen at 11 different sites,
nine of these being newly described MSHR variants. The previously reported
Val92Met allele shows no association with hair colour, but the three
alleles Arg151Cys, Arg160Trp and Asp294His were associated with red hair
and one Val60Leu variant was most frequent in fair/blonde and light brown
hair colours. Variant MSHR genotypes are associated with lighter skin types
and red hair (P < 0.001). However, comparison of the MSHR genotypes in
dizygotic twin pairs discordant for red hair colour indicates that the MSHR
gene cannot be solely responsible for the red hair phenotype, since five of
13 pairs tested had both haplotypes identical by state (with three of the
five having both identical by descent). Rather, it is likely that
additional modifier genes exist, making variance in the MSHR gene necessary
but not always sufficient, for red hair production.
相似文献
5.
In two previous studies, we observed that recombinant human interleukin- 3 (IL-3) induced an increase in marrow burst-forming unit-erythroid- derived colonies in vitro in some patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA). To determine whether a similar erythropoietic response could be induced in vivo, we treated 13 patients with DBA (aged 4 to 19 years) with two preparations of IL-3. All patients had absent absolute reticulocyte counts and markedly reduced to absent recognizable bone marrow erythroid elements; patients with circulating reticulocytes in the previous 12 months were excluded from study. All patients except 1 had failed steroid therapy and had been transfusion-dependent since infancy; 1 patient was maintained on high-dose prednisone at the time of enrollment. On the first arm of the study, IL-3 (Immunex Corp, Seattle, WA) was administered subcutaneously using a dose escalation regimen of 125 to 500 micrograms/m2/day in divided dosage at 12-hour intervals, coadministered with 1.5 mg/kg/d of oral ferrous sulphate. Of the 13 patients that entered the trial, 4 stopped prematurely because of adverse side effects. In the other 9 evaluable cases, reticulocytes increased transiently in 1 patient from 0 to 65 x 10(9)/L after 35 days of IL-3 therapy at 250 micrograms/m2, but transfusion dependency persisted. One transient peak in absolute reticulocyte count was noted in 6 other patients, but no erythroid response was observed after completion of a full course of IL-3. Oral prednisone at 0.5 mg/kg/d was then coadministered with IL-3 at 500 micrograms/m2 to 5 of the patients without effect, and treatment was stopped. In 2 patients, a second preparation of IL-3 (Sandoz Canada Inc, Dorval, Quebec, Canada) was initiated in a dose escalation regimen of 2.5 to 10 micrograms/kg and was coadministered with ferrous sulphate. No erythroid response was observed in either patient, and in one of the two, alternate-day subcutaneous recombinant erythropoietin at 300 U/kg was administered for 3 weeks in combination with daily IL-3 at 10 micrograms/kg, but no increased erythropoiesis was seen. Significant increases in white blood cell and eosinophil counts during administration of both preparations of IL-3 were observed in all patients. These data show that the response of DBA patients to IL-3 in vivo is heterogeneous and cannot be predicted from in vitro studies. The absence of a corrective effect of IL-3 in these patients with DBA indicates that a deficiency of the cytokine is not central in the pathogenesis of the disorder. 相似文献
6.
8名男性健康志愿者po阿米替林100 mg后,以阿米替林及其3种代谢物的血浓度曲线下面积(AUC0∞)计算阿米替林的脱甲基化代谢及羟基化代谢能力。结果提示个体间阿米替林及其3种代谢物的AUC差异很大。其中7名志愿者测定异喹呱羟化代谢表型,6例为异喹呱强代谢者,1例为弱代谢者。尿中异喹呱的羟化代谢率与阿米替林的羟基化代谢率、阿米替林和10-羟基阿米替林的AUC0∞呈显著相关。阿米替林总血浆清除率与异喹呱羟化代谢率呈弱相关。此结果表明阿米替林和异喹呱的羟化代谢可能由同一酶控制,阿米替林的羟基化代谢和脱甲基化代谢可能为两个独立的代谢途径。 相似文献
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9.
S C Gautam N F Chikkala I Lewis D R Grabowski J H Finke R Ganapathi 《Anticancer research》1992,12(3):921-925
Development of multidrug-resistance (MDR) remains a major cause of failure in the treatment of cancer with chemotherapeutic agents. In our efforts to explore alternative treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant tumors we have examined the sensitivity of MDR tumor cell lines to lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells. Adriamycin (ADM) resistant B16-BL6 melanoma, L1210 and P388 leukemic cell lines were tested for sensitivity to lysis by LAK cells in vitro. While ADM-resistant B16-BL6 and L1210 sublines were found to exhibit at least 2-fold greater susceptibility to lysis by LAK cells, sensitivity of ADM-resistant P388 cell was similar to that of parental cells. Since ADM-resistant B16-BL6 cells were efficiently lysed by LAK cells in vitro, the efficacy of therapy with LAK cells against the ADM-resistant B16-BL6 subline in vivo was evaluated. Compared to mice bearing parental B16-BL6 tumor cells, the adoptive transfer of LAK cells and rIL2 significantly reduced formation of experimental metastases (P less than 0.009) and extended median survival time (P less than 0.001) of mice bearing ADM-resistant B16-BL6 tumor cells. Results suggest that immunotherapy with LAK cells and rIL2 may be a useful modality in the treatment of cancers with the MDR phenotype. 相似文献
10.