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排序方式: 共有1363条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
H. S. Pollinger M. D. Stegall J. M. Gloor S. B. Moore S. R. Degoey N. A. Ploeger W. D. Park H. S. Pollinger M. D. Stegall J. M. Gloor S. B. Moore S. R. Degoey N. A. Ploeger W. D. Park 《American journal of transplantation》2007,7(4):857-863
The immunologic risk associated with donor-specific antibodies (DSA) against Class II human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of KTx when DSA was detected only against HLA Class II. To isolate the impact of anti-Class II DSA, we retrospectively analyzed 12 KTx recipients who at baseline had a positive B-cell flow cytometric crossmatch (FXM) and a negative T-cell FXM. Using alloantibody specification analysis, 58.3% (7/12) had DSA against donor Class II and 41.7% had no demonstrable DSA. Biopsy-proven AMR occurred in 57% (4/7) in the Class II(+) group and 0% in the Class II(-) group (p > 0.05). Peritubular capillaries stained positive for C4d in 86% (6/7) of the Class II(+) patients and in 40% (2/5) of the Class II(-) patients (p > 0.05). One patient in the Class II(+) group lost their graft at 3 months to accelerated transplant glomerulopathy, while all other grafts were functioning 3-37 months posttransplant despite the persistence of anti-Class II DSA. We conclude that KTx recipients with clearly defined anti-Class II DSA are at risk for humoral rejection suggesting that desensitization and/or close posttransplant monitoring may be needed to prevent AMR. 相似文献
2.
Rechtsanwalt Professor Dr. iur. Karl Otto Bergmann Rechtsanwältin Dr. iur. Carolin Wever 《MedR Medizinrecht》2007,25(8):475-476
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
3.
Rechtsanwalt Professor Dr. iur. Karl Otto Bergmann Rechtsanwältin Dr. iur. Carolin Wever 《MedR Medizinrecht》2007,25(11):649-650
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
4.
Rechtsanwalt Professor Dr. iur. Karl Otto Bergmann Rechtsanwältin Dr. iur. Carolin Wever 《MedR Medizinrecht》2007,25(5):296-297
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
5.
Rechtsanwalt Professor Dr. iur. Karl Otto Bergmann Rechtsanwältin Dr. iur. Carolin Wever 《MedR Medizinrecht》2007,25(4):229-230
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
6.
Inflammatory regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling in calcific aortic valve stenosis. 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Jens J Kaden Carl-Erik Dempfle Rainer Grobholz Carolin S Fischer Daniela C Vocke Refika Kili? Aslihan Sariko? Rafael Pi?ol Siegfried Hagl Siegfried Lang Martina Brueckmann Martin Borggrefe 《Cardiovascular pathology》2005,14(2):80-87
BACKGROUND: Calcific aortic stenosis (AS), the most frequent heart valve disorder in developed countries, leads to the calcification and fibrous thickening of the valve. While several studies have addressed the process of valvular calcification, the molecular pathomechanisms of the extensive matrix remodeling remain unclear. Because inflammation is present in stenotic valves, we hypothesized that the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) might influence cell proliferation and regulate the expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)--enzymes that are thought to be involved in calcific AS. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry for leukocytes, TNFalpha, MMP-1, and the endogenous MMP inhibitor tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 was performed on human stenotic (n = 19) and control (n = 8) valves. Primary cultures of human aortic valve myofibroblasts were incubated with and without TNFalpha, and cell proliferation was assessed. The expression and activation of MMP-1 were detected by Western blotting and a specific MMP-1 activity assay. RESULTS: Control valves showed scattered macrophages and low expression of TNFalpha, MMP-1, and TIMP-1. In stenotic valves, leukocyte infiltration and a strong, colocalized expression of TNFalpha and MMP-1 were present, while TIMP-1 remained unchanged. Double-label immunofluorescence localized TNFalpha mainly to macrophages. In cultured human aortic valve myofibroblasts, TNFalpha stimulated proliferation and induced a time-dependent increase in MMP-1 expression and activation, while TIMP-1 remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that matrix remodeling in calcific AS involves the expression and activation of MMPs. Activated leukocytes, by the secretion of TNFalpha, may stimulate valvular myofibroblasts to proliferate and express MMPs, thus regulating actively the matrix remodeling in calcific AS. 相似文献
7.
Selective targeting of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles to leukemic cells and primary T-lymphocytes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In the present study, surface-modified nanoparticles based on biodegradable material were used for antibody coupling in order to get a selective drug carrier systems. Gelatin nanoparticles were prepared by a desolvation process. Sulfhydryl groups were introduced which enabled the linkage of NeutrAvidin (NAv). Antibodies specific for the CD3 antigen on lymphocytic cells were conjugated to the nanoparticles surface. The binding of biotinylated anti-CD3 antibody was achieved by NAv-biotin-complex formation. Cellular binding and uptake were determined by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Cell-type-specific targeting of anti-CD3-conjugated nanoparticles into CD3-positive human T-cell leukemia cells and primary T-lymphocytes could be shown. Celluar uptake and effective internalization of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles into CD3 expressing cells were demonstrated. Uptake rates of about 84% into T-cell leukemia cells were observed. To confirm selectivity of T-cell targeting, competition experiments were carried out adding excessive free anti-CD3 prior to nanoparticle incubation leading to significantly reduced cellular uptake of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles. Further analysis on the mechanism of uptake confirmed a receptor-mediated endocytotic process. Protein-based nanoparticles conjugated with an antibody against a specific cellular antigen hold promise as selective drug delivery systems for specific cell types. 相似文献
8.
Autoimmunity and inflammation due to a gain-of-function mutation in phospholipase C gamma 2 that specifically increases external Ca2+ entry 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Yu P Constien R Dear N Katan M Hanke P Bunney TD Kunder S Quintanilla-Martinez L Huffstadt U Schröder A Jones NP Peters T Fuchs H de Angelis MH Nehls M Grosse J Wabnitz P Meyer TP Yasuda K Schiemann M Schneider-Fresenius C Jagla W Russ A Popp A Josephs M Marquardt A Laufs J Schmittwolf C Wagner H Pfeffer K Mudde GC 《Immunity》2005,22(4):451-465
The identification of specific genetic loci that contribute to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases has proved difficult due to the contribution of multiple interacting genes, the inherent genetic heterogeneity present in human populations, and a lack of new mouse mutants. By using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis to discover new immune regulators, we identified a point mutation in the murine phospholipase Cg2 (Plcg2) gene that leads to severe spontaneous inflammation and autoimmunity. The disease is composed of an autoimmune component mediated by autoantibody immune complexes and B and T cell independent inflammation. The underlying mechanism is a gain-of-function mutation in Plcg2, which leads to hyperreactive external calcium entry in B cells and expansion of innate inflammatory cells. This mutant identifies Plcg2 as a key regulator in an autoimmune and inflammatory disease mediated by B cells and non-B, non-T haematopoietic cells and emphasizes that by distinct genetic modulation, a single point mutation can lead to a complex immunological phenotype. 相似文献
9.
Michelle Bonnett Tracie Wallis Michelle Rossmann Nat L Pernick David Bouwman Kathryn A Carolin Daniel Visscher 《Modern pathology》2003,16(2):154-160
Appropriate follow-up of patients with needle core breast biopsies (NCBB) showing atypical hyperplasia remains unclear because previous studies show that subsequent open biopsies in variable proportions of these patients reveal ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or even invasive carcinoma, indicating significant sampling artifact. NCBB with diagnoses of atypia were morphologically classified into groups as follows: I, ALH (n = 24); II, ADH with minimal cytologic atypism (n = 90); III, atypia, other (9 columnar, 2 apocrine, 11 atypical papillary); IV, severe ADH/borderline DCIS (n = 31). Mammographic and histologic features, including the number of foci of atypia in the NCBB and the calcification span, were then correlated with presence of DCIS or invasive tumor in subsequent open excisions. Open excisional biopsies showed more severe lesions in 12% of Group I-III cases (8% in Group I, 9% in Group II, and 27% in Group III), of which 15 were DCIS and one was an invasive tubular carcinoma (0.3 cm). Of the DCIS, 60% (n = 9) were < or =5 mm, and 13 of 15 (87%) were low grade. The NCBB cavity was immediately adjacent to the more severe lesions in 88% (n = 14) of cases, in keeping with sampling error. The subset showing severe ADH with borderline nuclear features in contrast was associated with a high likelihood (63%) of DCIS in follow-up excisions. NCBB with atypical papillary features also showed a high frequency of DCIS (4/11, 36%) in subsequent open excisions. Other factors associated with more severe lesions on open biopsy included the number of atypical foci in the NCBB (>4, P <.05) and the mammographic calcification span (>2.0 cm, P <.0001). Atypical lesions diagnosed in NCBB samples are radiographically and morphologically heterogeneous, accounting for the variable frequency of DCIS or invasive neoplasm identified in subsequent open excisions, which are usually focal, low grade, and a consequence of sampling artifact (i.e., adjacent to the NCBB cavity). DCIS is more likely if microcalcifications are mammographically extensive or if atypia is multifocal or is associated with borderline cytologic features. 相似文献
10.
Phase I testing of a malaria vaccine composed of hepatitis B virus core particles expressing Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite epitopes 下载免费PDF全文
Nardin EH Oliveira GA Calvo-Calle JM Wetzel K Maier C Birkett AJ Sarpotdar P Corado ML Thornton GB Schmidt A 《Infection and immunity》2004,72(11):6519-6527
We report the first phase I trial to assess the safety and immunogenicity of a malaria vaccine candidate, ICC-1132 (Malarivax), composed of a modified hepatitis B virus core protein (HBc) containing minimal epitopes of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite (CS) protein. When expressed in Escherichia coli, the recombinant ICC-1132 protein forms virus-like particles that were found to be highly immunogenic in preclinical studies of mice and monkeys. Twenty healthy adult volunteers received a 20- or a 50-microg dose of alum-adsorbed ICC-1132 administered intramuscularly at 0, 2, and 6 months. The majority of volunteers in the group receiving the 50-microg dose developed antibodies to CS repeats as well as to HBc. Malaria-specific T cells that secreted gamma interferon were also detected after a single immunization with ICC-1132-alum. These studies support ICC-1132 as a promising malaria vaccine candidate for further clinical testing using more-potent adjuvant formulations and confirm the potential of modified HBc virus-like particles as a delivery platform for vaccines against other human pathogens. 相似文献