Author Keywords: chronic depression; clinical trial; dysthymia; medication treatment; serotonergic antidepressants 相似文献
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1.
Camille Veit 《Annales médico-psychologiques》2019,177(4):347-351
Objectives
This paper introduces some epistemology about mental health developments and how it leads to reconsider the landscape of clinical practices.Materials
From an epistemological point of view, the author reviews several writings about mental hygiene going back to the nineteenth century. It clarifies the common roots between mental hygiene and mental health. Then, the article examines the first World Health Organization's reports, that shed light on psychiatric and political issues in the middle of the twentieth century, which allows to reach out the foundations of mental health as a discursive practice.Results
The review of the developments from “mental hygiene” to “mental health” highlights a general climate of redesign on many points: Mental health as a discursive space is characterized by an expansion of its address field. It is not only addressed to specialists, psychiatrist and psychiatric patients, but also, and above all, to every citizen. Psychic suffering, as far as mental illness, is part of a larger whole including what preserves or deteriorates the proper functioning of an individual, within society. Mental health is at the crossroads of financial, political, citizen's rights and social interests. Contemporary mental health relies on the objectives of prevention and promotion. Clinical practices are organized by some discourses with mental health as a key word. At the turn of 2000s, French psychiatry has been impacted by many shuffles in health policies. However, the roots of these restructuring are not new, as they update an old interest in safeguarding public health, funds and welfare. Psychic suffering and mental illness recently enter the field of “psychic disability”. It brought social benefits such as financial assistance from the state. It may also contribute to the campaigns of awareness-raising and destigmatization among the public opinion. However, financial and subjective effects do not perfectly match. In other words, the benefits listed above should not lead to desert the listening of the users’ experience in its singularity.Conclusions
The developments of mental health point out a reorganization in the psychiatric field and open new clinical challenges. If the spaces of singularity and universal are in a permanent relationship, the political and economic sides cannot answer or evacuate the subjectivity posed by the subject and his suffering. It should lead to focus on a clinical practice driven by a subtle listening, which does not exclude psychopathology and recognizes the importance of alterity. 相似文献2.
Human and mouse genomes contain more than 20 related genes encoding diverse type I interferons (IFNs- alpha/beta), cytokines that are crucial for resistance of organisms against viral infections. Although the amino acid sequences of various IFN-alpha/beta subtypes differ markedly, they are all considered to share a common three-dimensional structure and to bind the same heterodimeric receptor, composed of the IFNAR-1 and IFNAR-2 subunits. Analysis of available mammalian IFN-beta sequences showed that they all carry 1 to 5 predicted N-glycosylation sites. Murine IFN-beta contains three predicted N-glycosylation sites (Asn29, Asn69, Asn76), one of which (Asn29) is located in the AB loop, in a region predicted to interact with the type I IFN receptor. The aim of this work was to test if this site is indeed N-glycosylated and if this glycosylation would affect IFN antiviral activity. We showed that all three N-glycosylation sites predicted from the sequence, including Asn29, carry N-linked sugars. Mutation of individual N-glycosylation sites had a weak negative influence on IFN antiviral activity. In contrast, the complete loss of glycosylation dramatically decreased activity. Our data suggest that interaction of murine IFN-beta with the IFNAR could locally differ from that of human IFN-alpha2 and human IFN-beta. 相似文献
3.
R Yassa C Nastase Y Camille M Henderson L Belzile F Beland 《The Journal of clinical psychiatry》1987,48(7):281-283
Although carbamazepine is known to cause hyponatremia, no previous reports have indicated an interaction between carbamazepine and a diuretic. Two patients are described who were treated with this combination and developed symptomatic hyponatremia, which cleared when both drugs were discontinued in one patient and when the diuretic was discontinued in the second patient. The possible mechanisms of action of carbamazepine-induced hyponatremia are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Andr Mas Hassan Jaaba Franois Schu Anna M. Belu Camille M. Kassis Richard W. Linton Joseph M. Desimone 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1997,198(11):3737-3752
Homogeneous and stable layers were deposited through allylamine plasma polymerization (75 W, 100 Pa, 15 min) onto poly[(3-hydroxybutyric acid)-co-(3-hydroxyvaleric acid)] (91 : 9 wt.-%) (P(HB-co-9%HV)) film surfaces, XPS analysis using take-off angles of 20° and 70° and performed 10 days and 20 days after plasma treatment gives information on the composition (in atom%) of the modified surface: C, 62.74; N, 19.60; O, 17.65. The unexpected oxygen percentage is weaker if argon plasma pretreatment (25 W, 40 Pa, 5 min) is applied. Then, a succinct mechanism is proposed. The study of changes in element ratios and binding energy values shows that the majority of incorporated functional groups seem to be amide and imine groups. 相似文献
5.
Jesse Rosenthal Camille Hemlock David J. Hellerstein Phillip Yanowitch Karen Kasch Cynthia Schupak Lisa Samstag Arnold Winston 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》1992,16(6):933-941
Rosenthal, Jesse et al. A Preliminary Study of Serotonergic Antidepressants in the Treatment of Dysthymia. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat. 1992, 16(6): 933–941.
1. 1. There is increasing evidence that antidepressants may alleviate symptoms of dysthymia, but few prior studies on selective serotonergic agents.
2. 2. Twenty patients meeting criteria for dysthymia, but not meeting criteria for major depression, received open label trials of a serotonergic antidepressant, either fluoxetine or trazodone.
3. 3. Seventeen (85%) completed three-month medication trials, and of these, twelve (70.6% of completers) responded to treatment. Seven (41.2% of completers) were still in remission on followup at five months.
4. 4. Both fluoxetine and trazodone were well tolerated in dysthymics, and showed similar short-term effectiveness in treating dysthymic symptoms.
6.
R. Liefooghe N. Michiels S. Habib M. B. Moran A. De Muynck 《Social science & medicine (1982)》1995,41(12)
Treatment defaulting is one of the major causes of the failure of TB control programs. In Bethania Hospital. Sialkot, defaulting rates are high: 72% for the standard 12 months course and 56% for the 8 months course. Attrition is especially important in the first weeks of treatment: < 70% of the patients start the 10th week of treatment. A focus group discussion study has been carried out to gain a better understanding of the impact of social stigmatization, treatment cost and pregnancy on defaulting. The study population consisted of 3 male and 3 female groups each with 8 hospitalized TB patients. The study shows that TB is perceived as a very dangerous, infectious and incurable disease. This perception has many social consequences: stigmatization and social isolation of TB patients and their families; diminished marriage prospects for young TB patients, and even for their family members; TB in one of the partners may lead to divorce. Due to fear patients often deny the diagnosis and reject the treatment. While both male and female TB patients face many social and economical problems, female patients are more affected. Divorce and broken engagements seem to occur more often in female patients. Females are usually economically dependent on their husbands and family in law, and need their cooperation to avail of treatment. The belief that pregnancy enhances the risk for relapse decreases their marriage prospects. Pregnancy is also a reason for stopping TB treatment as both are considered as incompatible. The findings of this study reveal the urgent need for a health education campaign to convince the general population that tuberculosis is curable. All health care providers should act as destigmatizers. 相似文献
7.
Summary We have carried out an electromyographical examination of the activity of five different regions of the deltoid muscle during abduction/adduction in various body postures with different biomechanical actions of arm gravity. The results show that the deltoid action is highly differentiated in its different regions and is not restricted only to the generation of an abducting moment in the shoulder joint. There is obviously a biomechanical contribution, mainly by its spinal and clavicular regions, to the stabilization of the glenohumeral joint and to the control of the selected plane of abduction.
Supported by the ASIF-Foundation, Switzerland 相似文献
Résumé Nous avons réalisé l'examen électromyographique de l'activité de cinq régions différentes du muscle deltoïde pendant les mouvements d'abduction-adduction, dans diverses positions du corps correspondant à des effets biomécaniques différents du poids du membre supérieur. Les résultats montrent que cette activité est très différenciée dans les diverses régions du muscle et qu'elle ne se laisse pas expliquer par la seule production d'un mouvement d'abduction au niveau de l'épaule. Il existe manifestement une contribution biomécanique des parties antérieure et postérieure du deltoïde surtout dans la stabilisation de l'articulation et le contrôle du plan d'abduction.
Supported by the ASIF-Foundation, Switzerland 相似文献
8.
P Wattiau B Bernier P Deslée T Michiels G R Cornelis 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1994,91(22):10493-10497
Pathogenic yersiniae secrete anti-host proteins called Yops, by a recently discovered Sec-independent pathway. The Yops do not have a classical signal peptide at their N terminus and they are not processed during membrane translocation. The secretion domain is nevertheless contained in their N-terminal part but these domains do not resemble each other in the different Yops. We have previously shown that YopE secretion requires SycE, a 15-kDa acidic protein acting as a specific cytosolic chaperone. Here we show that the gene downstream from yopH encodes a 16-kDa acidic protein that binds to hybrid proteins made of the N-terminal part of YopH and either the bacterial alkaline phosphatase or the cholera toxin B subunit. Loss of this protein by mutagenesis led to accumulation of YopH in the cytoplasm and to a severe and selective reduction of YopH secretion. This protein thus behaves like the counterpart of SycE and we called it SycH. We also engineered a mutation in lcrH, the gene upstream from yopB and yopD, known to encode a 19-kDa acidic protein. Although this mutation was nonpolar, the mutant no longer secreted YopB and YopD. The product of lcrH could be immunoprecipitated together with cytoplasmic YopD. lcrH therefore seems to encode a YopD-specific chaperone, which we called SycD. Determination of the dependence of YopB on SycD requires further investigation. SycE, SycH, and SycD appear to be members of a new family of cytosolic chaperones required for Yop secretion. 相似文献
9.
10.
The authors present a prevalence study of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in the course of antidepressant therapy. Of the 50 patients evaluated, three developed TD. TD developed rapidly and in a short period of time. Withdrawal of antidepressant improved TD in two patients. The literature on TD developing in the course of antidepressant therapy is reviewed, and the different etiological theories are examined. 相似文献