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排序方式: 共有211条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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An increased frequency of autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T cells in pre-diseased lupus-prone mice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pathogenic autoantibody production in murine models of lupus is dependent on autoreactive CD4+ helper T cells. However, the mechanisms which permit the selection and maintenance of this autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T-cell repertoire are currently unknown. We hypothesized that the peripheral CD4+ T-cell repertoire of lupus-prone mice was enriched with autoantibody-inducing specificities. To test this, we utilized the splenic focus assay to determine if pre-diseased lupus-prone (NZB x NZW)F(1) mice have an elevated frequency of autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes capable of supporting autoantibody production. The splenic focus limiting dilution assay permits anti-nuclear antibodies to be generated from contact-dependent T-B interactions in vitro. We show that young, pre-diseased lupus-prone mice have an elevated frequency of autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, these autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T-cell responses are also present in the thymus. Therefore, an elevated frequency of autoantibody-inducing CD4+ T cells predisposes lupus-prone mice to the development of autoantibodies. 相似文献
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Quantitative structure-activity relationships and mixture toxicity of organic chemicals in Photobacterium phosphoreum: the Microtox test 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Quantitative structure-activity relationships were calculated for the inhibition of bioluminescence of Photobacterium phosphoreum by 22 nonreactive organic chemicals. The inhibition was measured using the Microtox test and correlated with the partition coefficient between n-octanol and water (Poct), molar refractivity (MR), and molar volume (MW/d). At log Poct less than 1 and greater than 3, deviations from linearity were observed. Introduction of MR and MW/d improved the quality of the relationships. The influences of MR or MW/d may be related with an interaction of the tested chemicals to the enzyme system which produces the light emission. The sensitivity of the Microtox test to the 22 tested compounds is comparable to a 14-day acute mortality test with guppies for chemicals with log Poct less than 4. The inhibition of bioluminescence by a mixture of the tested compounds was slightly less than was expected in case of concentration addition. The Microtox test can give a good estimate of the total aspecific "minimum toxicity" of polluted waters. When rather lipophilic compounds or pollutants with more specific modes of action are present, this test will underestimate the toxicity to other aquatic life. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: Because the survival rate has increased for extremely low birth weight neonates, many have raised the concern that the rate of developmental disability among survivors will also increase. To address this concern, we analyzed changes over time in survival and major neurosensory impairment in a sample of extremely low birth weight infants born between July 1, 1979, and June 30, 1994. METHODS: The study sample included 513 infants with birth weights of 501 to 800 g who were cared for in either of the two neonatal intensive care units that serve a 17-county region in northwest North Carolina and who were born to mothers residing in that region. At 1 year of age (corrected for gestation), survivors were examined by a pediatrician and were tested using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Major neurosensory impairment was defined as cerebral palsy, a Bayley Mental Developmental Index <68, or blindness. A total of 209/216 (97%) of survivors were examined at 1 year of age. Epoch of birth was defined as follows: epoch 1, July 1, 1979 to June 30, 1984; epoch 2, July 1, 1984 to June 30, 1989; and epoch 3, July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1994. RESULTS: Survival rates for epochs 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 24/120 (20%), 63/175 (36%), and 129/218 (59%). In contrast, the proportions with a major neurosensory impairment did not increase over time; rates for successive epochs were 6/24 (25%), 17/61 (28%), and 26/124 (21%). Rates of cerebral palsy were 3/24 (13%), 12/61 (20%), and 9/124 (7%); rates of delayed mental development were 4/24 (17%), 12/61 (20%), and 17/124 (14%); and rates of blindness were 2/24 (8%), 0/62, and 5/124 (4%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that the increasing survival of extremely low birth weight neonates since the late 1970s has not resulted in an increased rate of major developmental problems identifiable at 1 year of age. 相似文献
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Dror Y; Gallagher R; Wara DW; Colombe BW; Merino A; Benkerrou M; Cowan MJ 《Blood》1993,81(8):2021-2030
We describe our 9-year experience with lectin-treated T-cell-depleted haplocompatible parental bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for 24 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). Nineteen of 21 evaluable patients had T-cell engraftment; 2 of 11 patients tested had B-cell and monocyte engraftment. Fourteen of 24 (58%) patients are alive 7 months to 9.8 years post-BMT. Seventeen of 24 patients received pretransplant conditioning with chemotherapy and/or total body irradiation, and 8 of 24 received more than one transplant. Patients who received conditioning had a survival rate of 61% versus 57% for those who received no conditioning. None received graft-versus- host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and no patient had acute or chronic GVHD greater than grade I. Kinetics and follow-up of immune recovery were analyzed in 14 patients who are greater than 1 year from transplant. Half of the patients showed evidence of T-cell function by 3 months and normal T-cell function by 4 to 7 months post-BMT. On average, T-cell numbers and subsets became normal 10 to 12 months posttransplant. Recovery of B-cell function was more delayed, although in most patients B-cell numbers and IgM levels were normal by 12 months post-BMT. B-cell function, as determined by isohemagglutinin titers or specific antibodies to pneumococcal polysaccharide, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, or tetanus toxoid, became normal in 10 of 14 patients 2 to 8 years post-BMT. Seven of the 14 are off gammaglobulin therapy. Production of isohemagglutinins tended to predict recovery of antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharide (P < .064). Based on these results, we believe that haplocompatible BMT is an effective, curative treatment for patients with SCID who lack an HLA-matched related donor. 相似文献