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Claudia KY Lai 《BMC nursing》2007,6(1):5
Background
To date, the literature has provided an abundance of evidence on the adverse outcomes of restraint use on patients. Reportedly, nurses are often the personnel who initiate restraint use and attribute its use to ensuring the safety of the restrained and the others. A clinical trial using staff education and administrative input as the key components of a restraint reduction program was conducted in a rehabilitation setting to examine whether there were any significant differences in the prevalence of restraint use pre- and post-intervention. Subsequent to the implementation of the intervention program, focus group interviews were conducted to determine the perspective of the nursing staff on the use of restraints and their opinions of appropriate means to reduce their use. 相似文献3.
Cary Jo R. Schlick Tarik K. Yuce Anthony D. Yang Michael F. McGee David J. Bentrem Karl Y. Bilimoria Ryan P. Merkow 《Surgery》2021,169(2):240-247
BackgroundGuidelines recommend extended chemoprophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in high-risk patients having operations for inflammatory bowel disease. Quantifying patients' risk of venous thromboembolism, however, remains challenging. We sought (1) to identify factors associated with postdischarge venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing colorectal resection for inflammatory bowel disease and (2) to develop a postdischarge venous thromboembolism risk calculator to guide prescribing of extended chemoprophylaxis.MethodsPatients who underwent an operation for inflammatory bowel disease from 2012 to 2018 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program for colectomy and proctectomy procedure targeted modules. Postdischarge venous thromboembolism included pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis diagnosed after discharge from the index hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the association of patient/operative factors with postdischarge venous thromboembolism. A postdischarge venous thromboembolism risk calculator was subsequently constructed.ResultsOf 18,990 patients, 199 (1.1%) developed a postdischarge venous thromboembolism within the first 30 postoperative days. Preoperative factors associated with postdischarge venous thromboembolism included body mass index (1.9% with body mass index ≥35 vs 0.8% with body mass index 18.5–24.9; odds ratio 2.34 [95% confidence interval 1.49–3.67]), steroid use (1.3% vs 0.7%; odds ratio 1.91 [95% confidence interval 1.37–2.66]), and ulcerative colitis (1.5% vs 0.8% with Crohn’s disease; odds ratio 1.76 [95% confidence interval 1.32–2.34]). Minimally invasive surgery was associated with postdischarge venous thromboembolism (1.2% vs 0.9% with open; odds ratio 1.42 [95% confidence interval 1.05–1.92]), as was anastomotic leak (2.8% vs 1.0%; odds ratio 2.24 [95% confidence interval 1.31–3.83]) and ileus (2.1% vs 0.9%; odds ratio 2.60 [95% confidence interval 1.91–3.54]). The predicted probability of postdischarge venous thromboembolism ranged from 0.2% to 14.3% based on individual risk factors.ConclusionPreoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors are associated with postdischarge venous thromboembolism after an operation for inflammatory bowel disease. A postdischarge venous thromboembolism risk calculator was developed which can be used to tailor extended venous thromboembolism chemoprophylaxis by individual risk. 相似文献
4.
Raval RC Bilimoria FE Patel HA 《Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology》1995,61(3):137-139
Fifty cases with chronic idiopathic urticaria of more than 3 months duration were selected and divided into two groups. Group 'A' was given 10 mg loratadine once daily, while group 'B' was given pheniramine maleate 25 mg, twice daily for one month. All patients were followed for one month more. 48% excellent response was observed in group 'A' while 16% excellent response was observed in group 'B'. Good response was observed in 24% of patients in group 'A', while in group 'B' 16% of patients had good response. No side effects were observed in loratadine group, while drowsiness was observed in pheniramine group. 相似文献
5.
Shah BV Shah SP Raval RC Bilimoria FE 《Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology》1995,61(1):34-35
A case of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome in a 19 years old male involving cutaneous and skeletal systems is reported. A clinical scoring system to diagnose such cases is highlighted. 相似文献
7.
In order to enhance the immune efficacy of DNA vaccination, experiments were conducted to investigate the regulating effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-DNA as an adjuvant on immune responses of mice against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), Aujeszky's disease (AID) and classical swine fever (CSF). BCG-DNA was purified from BCG by ion-exchange chromatography. Three DNA vaccines (pVSG, pVgD and pVE2) against the respective infection were constructed, and BCGDNA was coimmunized to mice by muscle injection. The results showed that titres of specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G to the vaccines mounted remarkably in the sera of the adjuvant covaccinated mice (P〈0.01). Antibody isotype IgG2a and IgG1 also increased, respectively, in mice coimmunized with BCG-DNA compared with those of the control groups (P〈0.01). Cellular immune cytokine interferon-gamma and cytotoxic T lymphocytes were detected in coimmunized BCG-DNA groups (P〈0. 05). Whereas interleukin-4, humoral immune cytokine, was not significant (P〉 0. 05). These results suggest that codelivery of BCG-DNA with DNA vaccines against FMD, AjD and CSF can enhance the induction of antigen-specific, especially, cell-mediated immunity. 相似文献
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9.
Michelle Y L Tang Patrick H Y Chung Hau Y Chan Paul K H Tam Kenneth KY Wong 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2019,54(2):255-257
Objective
Helicobacter pylori infection is common among Asians. However, evidence in the recent years has demonstrated a decrease in the prevalence of H. pylori infection among children and adults worldwide. Our aim was to update its prevalence in symptomatic children in our locality in the recent 12?years and compared to the results of our previous review published in 2005.Methods
A retrospective review was carried out between 2005 and 2017. All children who presented with dyspepsia or gastrointestinal bleeding and underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy with antral biopsy taken were included. Patient demographics, endoscopic, or histological diagnosis and the H. pylori status were recorded.Main Results
A total of 602 patients were included. There was a statistically significant decreasing trend of H. pylori infection rate between 2005 and 2017 (p?=?0.003). The overall infection rate from this study was 12.8%, compared to 25.6% from our previous review. Overall failure of eradication with first-line antibiotic therapy has increased to 29.3% from 10% in our previous review.Conclusion
There was a decrease in the prevalence of H. pylori infection among symptomatic children for the recent 12?years, comparing to our previous data from 2005. We hypothesize that the reduction in prevalence of H. pylori infection among adults and the decrease in the practice of sharing chopsticks during meals have led to a decrease in transmission of the bacteria among family members in Hong Kong. However, the failure of eradication with first line treatment was higher, possibly due to the increase in antibiotics usage and resistance.Level of Evidence
III 相似文献10.