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排序方式: 共有223条查询结果,搜索用时 327 毫秒
1.
Borrelia burgdorferi infection and immunity in mice deficient in the fifth component of complement. 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
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L K Bockenstedt S Barthold K Deponte N Marcantonio F S Kantor 《Infection and immunity》1993,61(5):2104-2107
When immunocompetent mice are inoculated with Borrelia burgdorferi, they develop acute arthritis and carditis that undergo spontaneous regression despite the persistence of infection. Specific T- and/or B-cell immunity appears to be necessary for resolution of disease manifestations. Humoral immune responses to B. burgdorferi are also important in prevention of B. burgdorferi infection, in that passive transfer of immune sera or protective monoclonal antibodies prevents the spirochete from establishing infection. It has previously been suggested that complement is necessary for effective antibody-mediated host responses against B. burgdorferi. To investigate the role of complement in the pathogenesis and prevention of Lyme disease, we compared the responses to B. burgdorferi challenge inoculation of mice genetically deficient in the fifth component of complement (C5) with those of C5-sufficient mice. All C5-deficient strains tested were susceptible to B. burgdorferi infection, and disease manifestations underwent regression in a similar time-course to those of complement-sufficient mice. Moreover, passive immunization of C5-deficient mice with either immune rabbit sera or neutralizing monoclonal antibody protected them from challenge infection. These results demonstrate that the expression of Lyme disease is not altered in mice deficient in C5 and that C5-mediated complement activation is not necessary for antibody-mediated protection from infection. 相似文献
2.
P55, an immunogenic but nonprotective 55-kilodalton Borrelia burgdorferi protein in murine Lyme disease.
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Immunization of C3H mice with P55 (previously called S1), a 55-kDa Borrelia burgdorferi antigen that is immunogenic after infection, elicited a strong antibody response but did not protect mice against B. burgdorferi challenge. Mice immunized with a P55 fusion protein in complete Freund's adjuvant developed anti-P55 antibodies, detectable at a titer of 1:10,000 by immunoblotting. To determine, if a protective response had been elicited, P55-vaccinated mice were fed upon by ticks infected with B. burgdorferi. The frequency of B. burgdorferi infection was similar in P55-immunized and control mice, and spirochetes were not destroyed within ticks that fed on P55-vaccinated mice. P55 is an immunogenic antigen that does not induce a protective response in the vertebrate or invertebrate host. 相似文献
3.
J Anguita R Roth S Samanta R J Gee S W Barthold M Mamula E Fikrig 《Infection and immunity》1997,65(8):3037-3041
We assessed the role of B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules on the course of murine Lyme borreliosis because experimental Lyme arthritis is dependent, at least partially, upon the development of the host immune response and these costimulatory molecules have been implicated in CD4+ T-cell differentiation. We demonstrated that Borrelia burgdorferi infection upregulated the surface expression of B7-1 and B7-2 in macrophages and B7-2 expression in B cells. Anti-B7-2 monoclonal antibody (MAb) or both anti-B7-2 and anti-B7-1 MAbs produced a dose-dependent increase in the severity of Lyme arthritis in C3H/HeN mice. In contrast, the administration of an anti-B7-1 MAb reduced the degree of arthritis. These effects occurred independently of significant alteration in B. burgdorferi-specific immune responses, including splenocyte proliferative responses to B. burgdorferi, B. burgdorferi antibody levels and specificity, and mRNA levels of gamma interferon, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and IL-12 in the spleen. These results demonstrate that signaling delivered by B7-1 and B7-2 plays a role in determining the severity of acute murine Lyme arthritis. 相似文献
4.
Partial destruction of Borrelia burgdorferi within ticks that engorged on OspE- or OspF-immunized mice. 总被引:9,自引:8,他引:9
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T P Nguyen T T Lam S W Barthold S R Telford rd R A Flavell E Fikrig 《Infection and immunity》1994,62(5):2079-2084
We determined whether Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface proteins (Osps) E and F could elicit immune responses useful for a Lyme disease vaccine. Thirty days after challenge with B. burgdorferi, mice produced antibodies to OspE but not OspF, whereas antibodies to OspF were present in sera of mice obtained 90 days after infection. Examination of sera from patients with Lyme disease revealed antibodies to OspF in a small number (14%) of early-stage disease patients but in a majority (58%) of patients with late-stage disease, while antibodies to OspE were rarely detected in patients. Mice immunized with recombinant OspE or OspF produced high titers of antibodies to OspE or OspF, respectively. OspF-immunized mice were partially protected from both intradermal syringe challenge and tick-mediated transmission of B. burgdorferi while vaccination with OspE did not confer immunity. B. burgdorferi organisms were, however, substantially destroyed within ticks that engorged on either OspE- (75% reduction in the number of spirochetes within the ticks, compared with controls) or OspF (90% reduction in the number of spirochetes within the ticks)-immunized mice. 相似文献
5.
Vonen Barthold Bertheussen Kjell Giæver Anton K. Florholmen Jon Burhol Per G. 《Methods in Cell Science》1992,14(2):45-50
Summary Serum contains insulin degrading components. We have evaluated the insulin and somatostatin secretion from isolated rat pancreatic islets during a 2-wk culture period using three different serum-containing media, and one serum-free medium with a synthetic serum replacement. Islets incubated in serum-free medium elicited significantly higher daily insulin and somatostatin secretions than islets incubated in the serum-containing media. After a 2-wk culture period, islets from the serum-free medium secreted significantly more insulin and somatostatin than islets cultured in other media when stimulated with 25 mmol/liter glucose together with 15 mmol/liter theophylline. We conclude that the serum-free medium is superior for long-term culture of rat pancreatic islets. 相似文献
6.
7.
Sunlian Feng Karin Ku Emir Hodzic Edward Lorenzana Kim Freet Stephen W. Barthold 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》2005,12(4):531-536
Several species of helicobacter have been isolated from laboratory mice, including H. bilis, H. hepaticus, H. muridarum, H. rodentium, and H. typhlonius, which appear to be the most common. The most widely used published method for molecular detection of these agents is PCR amplification of a conserved region of 16S rRNA, but differential speciation requires restriction enzyme digestion of the amplicons. This study was undertaken to determine PCR conditions that would simultaneously and specifically identify each of the five common species without restriction enzyme analyses. First, we designed novel and specific PCR primers for H. bilis, H. hepaticus, H. muridarum, H. rodentium, and H. typhlonius, using sequences from the heterologous regions of 16S rRNA. Because of comigration of amplified products, we next identified P17, an H. bilis-specific protein; P25, an H. hepaticus-specific protein; and P30, an H. muridarum-specific protein by screening genomic DNA expression libraries of each species. Primers were designed from these three genes, plus newly designed, species-specific 16S rRNA primers for H. rodentium and H. typhlonius that could be utilized for a five-plex PCR. The sizes of the amplicons from H. bilis, H. hepaticus, H. muridarum, H. rodentium, and H. typhlonius were 435, 705, 807, 191, and 122 bp, respectively, allowing simultaneous detection and effective discrimination among species. 相似文献
8.
9.
Roles of OspA, OspB, and flagellin in protective immunity to Lyme borreliosis in laboratory mice. 总被引:15,自引:29,他引:15
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E Fikrig S W Barthold N Marcantonio K Deponte F S Kantor R A Flavell 《Infection and immunity》1992,60(2):657-661
Vaccination with recombinant outer surface protein A (OspA) has been shown to protect mice from infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease agent. To determine whether antibodies to B. burgdorferi proteins other than OspA are involved in protective immunity, antibodies to OspA were removed from protective anti-B. burgdorferi serum; the residual serum was still protective. Absorption of OspA and OspB antibodies from anti-B. burgdorferi serum eliminated the protective effect. Therefore, active immunization experiments were performed to determine the roles of OspB and flagellin in protective immunity and to determine whether protective immunity induced by OspA is dose dependent. Active immunization with recombinant OspA protected mice from infection with an inoculum of 10(4) spirochetes, but this protection could be overcome with a challenge of 10(7) spirochetes; OspB protected mice from infection with an inoculum of 10(3) spirochetes but was insufficient to fully protect against 10(4) organisms; and immunization with flagellin had no protective effect. These studies suggest that OspA and OspB, but not flagellin, play roles in protective immunity to spirochete infection. 相似文献
10.
To characterize the intracellular mechanisms by which somatostatin modulates the insulin secretion, studies were performed with isolated rat pancreatic islets at 12 mmol l-1 glucose. Somatostatin (0.1-1000 nmol l-1) inhibited the glucose-induced insulin secretion concentration-dependently. Increasing intracellular cAMP concentration either with dibutyryl-cAMP (1 mmol l-1) or by the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin (20 mumol l-1) partly reversed the inhibition by somatostatin (100 nmol l-1). Neither somatostatin (100 nmol l-1) nor dibutyryl-cAMP (1 mmol l-1 were able to affect the low insulin secretion observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. To study cAMP-independent mechanisms of somatostatin, the experiments were performed with and without dibutyryl-cAMP (1 mmol l-1) present. Both somatostatin (100 nmol l-1) and the Ca(2+)-channel blocker verapamil (25 mumol l-1) inhibited the insulin secretion both with and without dibutyryl-cAMP present. An additional inhibition of the insulin secretion was observed when somatostatin was combined with verapamil in the absence, but not in the presence of dibutyryl-cAMP. We conclude that somatostatin inhibits the glucose-induced insulin secretion both by cAMP-dependent mechanism which requires extracellular Ca2+, and by cAMP-independent/verapamil-sensitive Ca(2+)-channel-dependent mechanism. 相似文献