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1.
Sandeep Gohar Devendra Desai Anand Joshi Anita Bhaduri Ramesh Deshpande C Balkrishna Mukesh Chawla Camila Rodrigues V R Joshi 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2003,22(4):140-142
INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a well-defined entity in the West but there are sparse Indian data on this disease. AIM: To study the clinical profile and response to treatment of Indian patients with AIH. METHODS: This is a part retrospective and part prospective study of 50 patients (median age 48 years, range 11-82; 43 women) seen between 1995 to 2001, diagnosed to have AIH as per the revised scoring system. Clinical and laboratory profile, response to treatment, and complications of treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: AIH accounted for 6% of all patients with liver disease seen during the period. The presenting symptoms were gastrointestinal in 43 and non-gastrointestinal in 7, with median symptom duration of 6 months (range 2 weeks to 40 years). Forty patients (80%) had chronic liver disease. Associated illnesses were present in 28 patients. Twenty-six patients were classified as definite and the rest as probable AIH. Forty-nine patients had Type 1 AIH. Five patients had overlap syndrome. Forty-five patients (90%) received immunosuppressive therapy. Twelve of 18 patients receiving only prednisolone and 21 of 27 patients receiving prednisolone and azathioprine combination responded. Thirteen (26%) patients had therapy-related complications (infectious 5, non infectious 8) with two treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION: Type 1 AIH was the predominant type of AIH. The majority of patients with AIH presented with chronic liver disease. There was good response to immunosuppressive therapy. Therapy-related complications occurred in one-fourth of patients. 相似文献
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P K Chawla P J Klapper S L Kamholz A H Pollack A E Heurich 《The American review of respiratory disease》1992,146(2):280-284
In the past 5 yr, an increased incidence of tuberculosis has been noted in the United States. Simultaneously, the population infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type I (HIV-I) and the number of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have increased. Selected areas of the United States have also reported increases in the frequency of drug-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Because our institution serves a population in which tuberculosis, AIDS, and drug resistant isolates of M. tuberculosis are frequently encountered, we sought to better define interrelationships among these factors by retrospectively reviewing the demographic, clinical, bacteriologic, and radiologic data for all adult patients in whom M. tuberculosis was isolated from a culture of respiratory-tract secretions during a 1-year period (June 1, 1988 to May 31, 1989). Two hundred forty-six patients were thus identified; 66.5% were U.S. born blacks, and 62.6% were 17 to 40 yr of age. Risk factors for HIV infection were present in 106 patients. The overall resistance rate (one or more drugs) = 30.9%, with primary resistance = 22.6% (35 of 155) and secondary resistance = 49.2% (29 of 59). In addition, 12 resistant isolates were found in 32 patients whose prior treatment status was indeterminate. Of the resistant isolates, 56.6% (43 of 76) were multiply resistant. Isoniazid resistance was noted in 90.7% (69 of 76) and rifampin resistance was noted in 50% (38 of 76) of the resistant isolates. No significant differences in the overall frequency of resistance were noted in patients at risk for HIV infection compared with those without these risks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
5.
Seethalakshmi Viswanathan Naveen Chawla Anil D’Cruz Shubhada V. Kane 《Head and neck pathology》2007,1(2):169-172
Histoplasmosis is a rarely reported deep mycotic infection in the Indian context. Oral or oropharyngeal manifestation can
occur as an isolated symptom or as part of a disseminated process associated with immunosuppression especially with HIV and
diabetes. Five cases of head and neck histoplasmosis accrued over 6 years in a tertiary referral cancer institute were reviewed.
All these patients presented clinically as cancer. In three patients, the marked pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia led to
a mistaken biopsy diagnosis of malignancy following which definitive surgical treatment was performed. The subsequent excision
revealed typical features of histoplasmosis. Isolated oral presentation of histoplasmosis can mimic malignancy both clinically
as well as pathologically, leading to potentially disastrous consequences. A high index of suspicion in those with overt or
hidden immunosuppression and a deep wedge biopsy to demonstrate the organisms in the subepithelial tissue is recommended.
This work has been presented in the “Slide seminar on Infections and Infestations” in the IAP-ID pre conference CME in APCON
2006. 相似文献
6.
Garima Chawla Piyush Gupta R Thilagavathi Asit K Chakraborti Arvind K Bansal 《European journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2003,20(3):305-317
This study deals with the generation and characterization of various solid-state forms of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. The drug was subjected to polymorphic screen using different solvents to explore the possibility of existence of different solid forms. N,N-Dimethyl acetamide (DMA) and N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) yielded solvates in 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. Quench cooling of the melt resulted in amorphous form of the drug. All these solid-state forms were characterized by thermoanalytical (DSC, TGA, HSM), crystallographic (XRD), microscopic (polarized, SEM), spectroscopic (FTIR), and elemental analysis techniques. Solubility and van't Hoff studies were carried out for their thermodynamic interpretation. Influence of morphology of different solid-state forms on flow behavior was also investigated. Molecular modeling studies were used to elucidate the interaction between solute and solvent molecules in the solvate. 相似文献
7.
Cloning, Expression, and Sequencing of a Cell Surface Antigen Containing a Leucine-Rich Repeat Motif from Bacteroides forsythus ATCC 43037 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Ashu Sharma Hakimuddin T. Sojar Ingrid Glurich Kiyonobu Honma Howard K. Kuramitsu Robert J. Genco 《Infection and immunity》1998,66(12):5703-5710
Bacteroides forsythus is a recently recognized human periodontopathogen associated with advanced, as well as recurrent, periodontitis. However, very little is known about the mechanism of pathogenesis of this organism. The present study was undertaken to identify the surface molecules of this bacterium that may play roles in its adherence to oral tissues or triggering of a host immune response(s). The gene (bspA) encoding a cell surface-associated protein of B. forsythus with an apparent molecular mass of 98 kDa was isolated by immunoscreening of a B. forsythus gene library constructed in a lambda ZAP II vector. The encoded 98-kDa protein (BspA) contains 14 complete repeats of 23 amino acid residues that show partial homology to leucine-rich repeat motifs. A recombinant protein containing the repeat region was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and utilized for antibody production, as well as in vitro binding studies. The purified recombinant protein bound strongly to fibronectin and fibrinogen in a dose-dependent manner and further inhibited the binding of B. forsythus cells to these extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In addition, adult patients with B. forsythus-associated periodontitis expressed specific antibodies against the BspA protein. We report here the cloning and expression of an immunogenic cell surface-associated protein (BspA) of B. forsythus and speculate that it mediates the binding of bacteria to ECM components and clotting factors (fibronectin and fibrinogen, respectively), which may be important in the colonization of the oral cavity by this bacterium and is also a target for the host immune response. 相似文献
8.
Ying-Ying Meng Susan H Babey E Richard Brown Elizabeth Malcolm Neetu Chawla Yee Wei Lim 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2006,96(2):291-297
BACKGROUND: Use of the emergency department (ED) for asthma care is a costly form of health care that is largely preventable. However, little is known about how to reduce the number of people using the ED for asthma care. OBJECTIVE: To identify modifiable factors related to ED visits for asthma among a diverse nonelderly adult population. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional data from the 2001 California Health Interview Survey. A total of 4,359 adult respondents ages 18 to 64 years who reported being diagnosed as having asthma and experiencing symptoms in the past year were included. Any ED visits due to asthma in the previous 12 months among all nonelderly respondents with asthma, with stratification by those with daily or weekly symptoms and with less frequent symptoms, were examined. RESULTS: Adults with daily or weekly asthma symptoms, with fair or poor health status, and who delayed care for asthma because of cost or insurance issues were more likely to visit the ED for asthma. Stratification of the study population into those with daily or weekly symptoms and those with less frequent symptoms revealed that delay in care due to cost or insurance issues and fair or poor health status remained significant for both groups. Latinos and women were more likely to visit the ED in the severe asthma group, whereas Asian, African American, and uninsured adults were more likely to visit the ED in the group with less severe asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that to prevent ED visits for asthma, it is important to control asthma symptoms. However, it is equally if not more important to reduce delays in receiving asthma care. 相似文献
9.
M B Dahlke C Cooke M Cunnane J Chawla P Lau 《American journal of clinical pathology》1977,68(6):740-746
Of 500 patients seen because of rape, semen was identified in vaginal secretions by the identification of spermatozoa in 61%, by an acid phosphatase value of 50 units or more in 40%, and by the identification of a foreign blood group substance or a high titer of own blood group substance in 16%. The addition of the determination of the acid phosphatase to the search for spermatozoa identified semen in only 1.4% more patients, or a total of 62.4%. Identification and titers of blood group substance were confirmatory only, but further characterized the source of the semen in 25% of those patients with spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were identified for as long as 48 hours, and elevated acid phosphatase was not found after 18 hours. Acid phosphatase was elevated in only 62% of patients with spermatozoa. 相似文献
10.
Devlin CM Chawl S Skepper JN Huan CL 《Journal of muscle research and cell motility》2001,22(5):459-466
The transverse (T-)tubules primarily function in conducting the action potentials that initiate excitation– contraction coupling
in skeletal muscle but may additionally subserve longer-term roles in volume regulation, membrane fusion and other trafficking
processes. Osmotic shock thus both electrically detaches the T-tubules from surface membrane (‘detubulation’) and produces
tubular vacuolation. The present experiments separated these effects. An established, reference osmotic shock protocol that
exposed muscles to Ca2+/Mg2+-Ringer and gradual cooling to 10°C after 18 min in glycerol–Ringer accomplished significant detubulation (77.5 ± 13.15%,
mean ± SEM; n = 4). In contrast, a test protocol conducted entirely at room temperature using Mg2+-rather than Ca2+/Mg2+-Ringer yielded reduced (P < 0.05, post hoc Duncan's multiple range test) detubulation indices (1.67 ± 1.67%, n = 6) statistically indistinguishable from findings in fibres spared osmotic shock. Yet both osmotic shocks caused a formation
of closed vacuoles, demonstrated by Sulphorhodamine B trapping, that occupied statistically similar fractions of total fibre
volume (reference procedure: 14.38 ± 2.7%, n = 6; test procedure: 13.36 ± 2.00%, n = 22) in turn higher than determinations in control fibres (P < 0.05). The findings reconcile reports associating detubulation with vacuolation in osmotically shocked muscle [S. Nik-Zainal
et al. (1999) J Muscle Res Cell Motil
20: 45–53; K.N. Khan et al. (2000) J Muscle Res Cell Motil
21: 79–90] with the persistence of tubular electrical activity in extensively vacuolated amphibian fibres following fatigue [J.
Lannergren and H. Westerblad (1987) Acta Physiol Scand
129: 311–318; J. Lannergren et al. (1999) J Muscle Res Cell Motil
20: 19–32]. Furthermore test protocols produced higher densities of open vacuoles (13.38 ± 2.33%, n = 9) than did reference protocols (6.66 ± 1.63%, n = 20) contrary to their possible involvement in the electrophysiological changes. Abolition of tubular electrophysiological
activity thus either follows or is independent of tubular vacuolation whilst sharing some of its underlying osmotic mechanisms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献