全文获取类型
收费全文 | 471篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 4篇 |
儿科学 | 26篇 |
妇产科学 | 9篇 |
基础医学 | 55篇 |
口腔科学 | 11篇 |
临床医学 | 46篇 |
内科学 | 100篇 |
皮肤病学 | 11篇 |
神经病学 | 14篇 |
特种医学 | 128篇 |
外科学 | 20篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
预防医学 | 21篇 |
眼科学 | 4篇 |
药学 | 18篇 |
1篇 | |
肿瘤学 | 8篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 25篇 |
2012年 | 29篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 12篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 2篇 |
1961年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 4篇 |
1958年 | 4篇 |
1957年 | 3篇 |
1956年 | 4篇 |
1955年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 3篇 |
1953年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有494条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Abstract— The anticonvulsant action of midazolam and clonazepam was studied in 168 immature rats in three age groups (12, 18 and 25 days old). Epileptic after-discharges of the spike-and-wave type accompanied by clonic seizures of facial and forelimb muscles induced by stimulation of sensorimotor cortex were used as a model. The solvent used for clonazepam exhibited a tendency to anticonvulsant action in 12-day-old rats. On the contrary, a proconvulsant action was seen in 25-day-old animals. The action of both benzodiazepines was identical and did not change substantially during development. The highest dose used (1 mg kg?1, i.p.) shortened the duration of epileptic after-discharges, the two lower doses (0·1 and 0·02 mg kg?1, i.p.) suppressed the progressive prolongation with repeated stimulations seen under control conditions. Motor correlates of stimulation remained practically uninfluenced by the two benzodiazepines, myoclonic seizures accompanying epileptic after-discharges were attenuated by the highest dose of both drugs. 相似文献
4.
Mixed lymphocyte culture (MIX) reactivity, induction of cytotoxicity in vitro, survival of skin allografts, and induction of neonatal transplantation tolerance were compared in mice of the strain combinations differing in the entire H-2 complex or in individual segments of it. The results showed that antigenic products of the K end of the H-2 complex were more immunogenic and also more resistant to tolerance induction than the products of the D end of H-2. I-region products that elicited transplantation reactions of variable strength, depending on the detection system, were relatively easier to overcome in tolerance induction and could, at least in some combinations, contribute to tolerance induction across the barrier represented by the products of the K region of the H-2 complex. 相似文献
5.
Prolonged excitation of fluorescent probes leads eventually to loss of their capacity to emit light. A decrease in the number of detected photons reduces subsequently the resolving power of a fluorescence microscope. Adverse effects of fluorescence intensity loss on the quality of microscopic images of biological specimens have been recognized, but not determined quantitatively. We propose three human-independent methods of quality determination. These techniques require no reference images and are based on calculation of the actual resolution distance, information entropy, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We apply the three measures to study the effect of photobleaching in cell nuclei stained with propidium iodide (PI) and chromomycin A3 (CA3) and imaged with fluorescence confocal microscopy. We conclude that the relative loss of image quality is smaller than the corresponding decrease in fluorescence intensity. Furthermore, the extent of quality loss is related to the optical properties of the imaging system and the noise characteristics of the detector. We discuss the importance of these findings for optimal registration and compression of biological images. 相似文献
6.
Atif ElSayed Awad Hanan Hamed Soliman Sabry Abdel Latif Abou Saif Abdel Monem Nooman Darwish Samah Mosaad Asem Ahmed Elfert 《Arab Journal Of Gastroenterology》2012,13(2):77-81
Background and study aimsBleeding internal haemorrhoids are common and used to be treated surgically with too many complications. Endoscopic therapy is trying to take the lead. Sclerotherapy and rubber band ligation are the candidates to replace surgical therapy especially in patients with liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to compare endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) to endoscopic rubber band ligation (EBL) regarding effectiveness and complications in the treatment of bleeding internal haemorrhoids in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis.Patients and methodsOne hundred and twenty adult patients with liver cirrhosis and bleeding internal haemorrhoids were randomised into two equal groups; the first treated with EBL using Saeed multiband ligator, and the second with EIS using either ethanolamine oleate 5% or N-butyl cyanoacrylate. All groups were matched as regards age, sex, Child score and pre-procedure Doppler values. Patients were followed up clinically and with abdominal ultrasound/Doppler for 6 months. Endoscopic and endosonography/Doppler was done before and one month after the procedure. Pre and post-procedure data were recorded and analysed.ResultsBoth techniques were highly effective in the control of bleeding from internal haemorrhoids with a low rebleeding [10% in the EBL group and 13.33% in the EIS group] and recurrence [20% in the EBL group 20% in the EIS group] rates. Child score had a positive correlation with rebleeding and recurrence in EIS group only.Pain score and need for analgesia were significantly higher while patient satisfaction was significantly lower in EIS compared to EBL [p < 0.05]. No significant difference between ethanolamine and cyanoacrylate subgroups was found [p > 0.05].ConclusionsBoth EBL and EIS were effective in the treatment of bleeding internal haemorrhoids in patients with liver cirrhosis. EBL had significantly less pain and higher patient satisfaction than EIS. EBL was also safer in patients with advanced cirrhosis. 相似文献
7.
B. O. EK M.D. D. E. W. HOLMLUND M.D. †J.-G. SJÖODIN M.D. † L. E. STEEN M.D. † 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1978,70(4):365-370
Three patients with primary neuropathic amyloidosis are reported. They were all almost totally disabled by either diarrhea and incontinentia alvi or obstipation. In all three patients enterostomies were tried as a palliative treatment and the results of the operations have been very promising. 相似文献
8.
Ali Shoaib Muhammad Waqas Asem Elabasy Xinlai Cheng Qianqian Zhang Zuhua Shi 《RSC advances》2018,8(28):15687
Colloidal delivery systems have been widely used as carriers for controlled delivery of pesticides to improve the efficacy and photostability of natural and semi-synthetic pesticides. In this study, we have synthesized emamectin benzoate nanoformulations (EB + NFs) depending on polymeric nanocapsules (PNC) and two types of the nanosilica, mesoporous nanosilica (MCM-48) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SNPs) as carriers for the emamectin benzoate (EB). The fabricated nanoformulations were characterized by using X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size, zeta potential, morphology, absolute recovery (AR), entrapment efficiency (EE), UV stability and release kinetics. The obtained results showed that the carriers had a remarkable loading ability for EB and improved the EB photostability. The EE% of nanoformulations were 92.84%, 87.45% and 71.19% for emamectin benzoate polymeric nanocapsules (EB + PNC), emamectin benzoate SNPs (EB + SNPs) and emamectin benzoate MCM-48 (EB + MCM-48) respectively. The insecticidal activity of EB + NFs against Plutella xylostella showed that the EB + SNPs was more effective than other EB + NFs and EB alone. The LC50 values were 0.18, 4.03, 8.49 and 11.06 mg L−1 for EB + SNPs, EB + MCM-48, EB + PNC and EB respectively. The obtained results suggest the colloidal delivery systems that used in this study could improve the efficacy and photostability for EB, and they are able to overcome the disadvantage of the natural and semi-synthetic pesticides such as environmental sensitivity and to increase the efficacy of pesticides, which eventually leads to reduce the dosage of pesticides needed, reducing the number of applications required in comparison to conventional formulations.Colloidal delivery systems have been widely used as carriers for controlled delivery of pesticides to improve the efficacy and photostability of natural and semi-synthetic pesticides. 相似文献
9.
10.
Sodium-dependent intracellular pH (pHi) regulation was compared in granulosa cells from the three largest avian ovarian follicles by monitoring the pHi with biscarboxyethylcarboxyfluorescein, a dye whose fluorescence increases with alkalinity. Collagenase-dispersed granulosa cells obtained from the largest (F1), second largest (F2), and third largest (F3) preovulatory follicles about 2-3 hr prior to expected ovulation of F1 were used in the present study. The resting pHi measured in nominally bicarbonate free buffer with extra-cellular Na+ (Nao+ = 144 mM) and external pH (pHo) of 7.3 was about 6.8 in cells from F1, F2, and F3. There was no correlation between the stage of follicular development and the pHi whether the follicles were removed in the early or late preovulatory period. After acute cytoplasmic acidification by exposure of cells to nigericin in choline+ buffer, or by the abrupt removal of ammonium chloride, complete recovery of pHi occurred in 4-5 min. The rate and magnitude of the recovery were dependent upon the concentration of Nao+ and were abolished when Nao+ was replaced completely by choline+. Recovery in the presence of Nao+ was inhibited dose-dependently by amiloride (sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibitor). There was no difference between the rate and the extent of pHi recovery in acid-loaded cells obtained from F1, F2, and F3. Furthermore, by varying the concentration of Nao+ between 0 and 144 mM both young and matured granulosa cells extruded acid at the same rate. In addition, amiloride inhibited the Nao+ dependency of pHi recovery to a similar degree in F1, F2, and F3 cells. Our observations demonstrate in avian granulosa cells the existence of a Nao+-dependent, amiloride-sensitive pHi regulatory system that is equally effective in cells obtained from the three largest yolk-filled follicles. 相似文献