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排序方式: 共有577条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Rianne P Reijs Saskia G M van Mil Mariette H J A van Hall Johan B A M Arends Jacobiene W Weber Willy O Renier Albert P Aldenkamp 《Seizure》2007,16(5):438-444
INTRODUCTION: One-third of children with epilepsy are classified as having a cryptogenic localization related epilepsy (CLRE). In cohort studies CLRE is often grouped together with either symptomatic localization related epilepsy (SLRE) or idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Therefore, this categorization is not specific enough and will not lead to prognostic or treatment information. We objectified the classification differences between these categories. METHODS: A total of 114 children admitted to our epilepsy centre underwent a standardized clinical analysis, which yielded age at onset, duration of the epilepsy, seizure frequency, seizure type, percentage of interictal epileptiform activity on EEG (IEA), type of treatment, and full scale IQ. These variables are regarded the characteristics of the epilepsy, and used in a discriminant function analysis. RESULTS: IEA was found to be the only variable to distinguish between groups of epilepsy. SLRE could easily be distinguished significantly from IGE and CLRE, while the latter two did not differ significantly. Discriminant function analysis combined the variables into two functions, applicable to classify the children. By applying this statistical analysis method, the groups clinically classified as SLRE and IGE were mostly classified as SLRE (71.4%) and IGE (57.9%). However, CLRE appeared difficult to classify (49.2%), and most children were classified as either SLRE (19%) or IGE (31.7%). CONCLUSION: The current opinion that CLRE is 'probably symptomatic' cannot be confirmed in all cases in this study. It is most likely that the current CLRE population consists of both children with eventually SLRE, as well as yet to be described syndromes to be classified as idiopathic epilepsies. We emphasize the need for separate studies regarding children with 'probably symptomatic' (cryptogenic) localization related epilepsy, as this will maximally help children, caretakers and treating physicians to achieve the best possible outcome. 相似文献
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The Effect of Antiepileptic Drugs on Cognition: Patient Perceived Cognitive Problems of Topiramate versus Levetiracetam in Clinical Practice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hans-Peter R. Bootsma †Albert P. Aldenkamp Leonie Diepman Jacques Hulsman Danielle Lambrechts Loes Leenen Marian Majoie Ad Schellekens †Marc de Krom 《Epilepsia》2006,47(S2):24-27
Summary: Introduction: Neurocognitive complaints may interfere with long-term antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment and are an important issue in clinical practice. Most data about drug-induced cognitive problems are derived from highly controlled short-term clinical trials. We analyzed such cognitive complaints for the two most commonly used AEDs in a clinical setting using patient perceived problems as primary outcome measure.
Method: All patients of the epilepsy center Kempenhaeghe that received topiramate (TPM) or levetiracetam (LEV) from the introduction to mid 2004 were analyzed using a medical information system, an automated medical file. Patients were analyzed after 6, 12, and 18 months of treatment.
Results: Four hundred and two patients used either TPM (n = 260) or LEV (n = 142); 18 months retention showed a statistically significant difference, revealing 15% more patients that continued LEV compared to TPM: 18 months retention 46% for TPM and 61% for LEV [F (1.400) = 3.313, p = 0.043]. Neurocognitive complaints accounted for a significant number of drug discontinuations and especially the high frequency of neurocognitive complaints in the first period of TPM treatment appeared to be significant different from LEV [F(2,547) = 3.192, p = 0.042]. In the remaining patients, the difference in neurocognitive complaints was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: cognitive complaints are common in TPM treatment and frequently lead to drug withdrawal. The impact of LEV on cognitive function is only mild. This leads to a much higher (15%) drug discontinuation rate for TPM compared to LEV. 相似文献
Method: All patients of the epilepsy center Kempenhaeghe that received topiramate (TPM) or levetiracetam (LEV) from the introduction to mid 2004 were analyzed using a medical information system, an automated medical file. Patients were analyzed after 6, 12, and 18 months of treatment.
Results: Four hundred and two patients used either TPM (n = 260) or LEV (n = 142); 18 months retention showed a statistically significant difference, revealing 15% more patients that continued LEV compared to TPM: 18 months retention 46% for TPM and 61% for LEV [F (1.400) = 3.313, p = 0.043]. Neurocognitive complaints accounted for a significant number of drug discontinuations and especially the high frequency of neurocognitive complaints in the first period of TPM treatment appeared to be significant different from LEV [F(2,547) = 3.192, p = 0.042]. In the remaining patients, the difference in neurocognitive complaints was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: cognitive complaints are common in TPM treatment and frequently lead to drug withdrawal. The impact of LEV on cognitive function is only mild. This leads to a much higher (15%) drug discontinuation rate for TPM compared to LEV. 相似文献
5.
AP de Moraes† ÉÂG de Arruda† MAV Vitoriano† MO de Moraes Filho‡ FÂF Bezerra‡ E de Magalhães Holanda§ MEA de Moraes‡ 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2007,21(5):596-601
BACKGROUND: Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is a common dermatosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, many of whom do not respond satisfactorily to conventional topical treatments such as corticosteroids and antifungals. OBJECTIVE: A pilot study to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of pimecrolimus cream 1% in HIV-positive patients with facial SD. METHODS: In a single-centre study, 21 HIV-infected patients with mild to severe SD were treated twice daily with pimecrolimus cream 1% for 14 days. Thereafter, treatment was discontinued and patients followed up for 5 weeks. Skin involvement at baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, 35 and 49 was assessed using a four-point clinical score and digital photography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Efficacy and safety of pimecrolimus cream 1% treatment and incidence of relapse in the follow-up phase. Results Marked improvement was seen in clinical parameters at day 7, with >or= 90% patients clear of symptoms at day 14. Relapse was observed at day 35 but signs were milder than at baseline. All patients responded to therapy, despite their immunological status. Pimecrolimus did not alter CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell counts or viral load during the treatment period. CONCLUSION: Pimecrolimus cream represents a new, effective therapeutic option for facial SD in HIV patients. 相似文献
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In-vitro maturation of human germinal vesicle stage oocytes: role of cumulus cells and epidermal growth factor in the culture medium 总被引:21,自引:6,他引:21
Goud PT; Goud AP; Qian C; Laverge H; Van der Elst J; De Sutter P; Dhont M 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(6):1638-1644
In-vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is a promising technique to reduce the
costs and avert the side-effects of gonadotrophin stimulation for in-vitro
fertilization (IVF). The pregnancy rates from oocytes matured in vitro are
much lower than those of in-vivo stimulation cycles indicating that
optimization of IVM remains a challenge. Therefore, we investigated the
effect of supplementation of the medium with gonadotrophins, oestradiol and
epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the effect of retaining or removing the
cumulus cells on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of immature oocytes.
Human germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes obtained after gonadotrophin
stimulation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were cultured in a
complex defined medium either supplemented with gonadotrophins, oestradiol
and physiological concentrations of EGF (2 ng/ml) or gonadotrophins and
oestradiol alone. The cumulus cells were either removed or kept intact. In
GV stage oocytes cultured without cumulus (group I) significantly more
oocytes reached the metaphase II (MII) stage at 30 h in media supplemented
with EGF (64.3 versus 33.9%, P < 0.003). For oocytes cultured with
intact cumulus (group II), more oocytes reached MII at 30 h than in group
I, but there was no difference in medium with or without EGF
supplementation (81.8 and 79.8% respectively). Cytoplasmic maturation of
MII oocytes was judged from their capability to activate and fertilize
after ICSI. In group I, the rates of activation and normal fertilization
were similar. However, in group II, significantly more oocytes underwent
normal fertilization in the EGF-supplemented than the unsupplemented group
(71.7 versus 45.6%, P < 0.05). The cleavage rates of the fertilized
oocytes were similar in the sibling oocyte subgroups cultured with or
without EGF supplementation, but the overall cleavage rates were higher in
cumulus-intact compared to cumulus-denuded oocytes (88.9 versus 47.8%, P
< 0.001). Thus, supplementation of the maturation medium with EGF and
maintenance of the cumulus during culture improve the nuclear and
cytoplasmic maturation of human oocytes in vitro.
相似文献
8.
The effects of co-culture with human fibroblasts on human embryo development in vitro and implantation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Wetzels AM; Bastiaans BA; Hendriks JC; Goverde HJ; Punt-van der Zalm AP; Verbeet JG; Braat DD 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(5):1325-1330
In a human in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programme, the effect of co-
culture of embryos with human fibroblasts was evaluated with respect to
pregnancy rate and embryo development. Patients were included in the study
after giving informed written consent. The IVF treatments were randomly
assigned by stratification of both age (<36 versus > or =36 years)
and previous IVF attempts (yes versus no). After fertilization was
established, the zygotes were transferred to a 4-well dish with or without
fibroblasts and cultured for 2 days. On the third day after ovum pick-up
(OPU), cell number and quality [5 (good) to 1 (poor)] of the embryos were
scored and a maximum of three embryos was transferred. Supernumerary
embryos of good quality were cryopreserved. The design of this study was a
group sequential trial with the objective of detecting differences between
pregnancy rates following IVF with conventional incubation or incubation in
co-culture with fibroblasts. This design included one evaluation at
half-way data collection. In the study, 148 patients had an OPU, of whom 77
were allocated to the co-culture group. There was no statistically
significant difference in pregnancy rate, cell number and embryo quality
between the two groups. The ongoing pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was
27% in co-culture and 30% in the conventional culture group. The
implantation rates per transferred embryo were 17 and 18% respectively.
Using a multivariate logistic regression model for the probability of
ongoing pregnancies, the odds ratio of co-culture, adjusted for age and
previous IVF attempts, was not statistically significant. In conclusion,
co-culture with human fibroblasts does not contribute to an improvement of
embryo quality nor to a higher pregnancy rate after IVF in an unselected
group of patients.
相似文献
9.
The UTX gene escapes X inactivation in mice and humans 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
Greenfield A; Carrel L; Pennisi D; Philippe C; Quaderi N; Siggers P; Steiner K; Tam PP; Monaco AP; Willard HF; Koopman P 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(4):737-742
We recently have identified a ubiquitously transcribed mouse Y chromosome
gene, Uty , which encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) protein. A
peptide derived from the UTY protein confers H-Y antigenicity on male
cells. Here we report the characterization of a widely transcribed X-linked
homologue of Uty , called Utx , which maps to the proximal region of the
mouse X chromosome and which detects a human X-linked homologue at Xp11.2.
Given that Uty is ubiquitously transcribed, we assayed for Utx expression
from the inactive X chromosome (Xi) in mice and found that Utx escapes X
chromosome inactivation. Only Smcx and the pseudoautosomal Sts gene on the
mouse X chromosome have been reported previously to escape inactivation.
The human UTX gene was also found to be expressed from Xi. We discuss the
significance of these data for our understanding of dosage compensation of
X-Y homologous genes in humans and mice.
相似文献
10.
High throughput parallel analysis of hundreds of patient samples for more than 100 mutations in multiple disease genes 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Shuber AP; Michalowsky LA; Nass GS; Skoletsky J; Hire LM; Kotsopoulos SK; Phipps MF; Barberio DM; Klinger KW 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(3):337-347
As more mutations are identified in genes of known sequence, there is a
crucial need in the areas of medical genetics and genome analysis for
rapid, accurate and cost-effective methods of mutation detection. We have
developed a multiplex allele-specific diagnostic assay (MASDA) for analysis
of large numbers of samples (> 500) simultaneously for a large number of
known mutations (> 100) in a single assay. MASDA utilizes
oligonucleotide hybridization to interrogate DNA sequences. Multiplex DNA
samples are immobilized on a solid support and a single hybridization is
performed with a pool of allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes. Any
probes complementary to specific mutations present in a given sample are in
effect affinity purified from the pool by the target DNA. Sequence-specific
band patterns (fingerprints), generated by chemical or enzymatic sequencing
of the bound ASO(s), easily identify the specific mutation(s). Using this
design, in a single diagnostic assay, we tested samples for 66 cystic
fibrosis (CF) mutations, 14 beta-thalassemia mutations, two sickle cell
anemia (SCA) mutations, three Tay-Sachs mutations, eight Gaucher mutations,
four mutations in Canavan disease, four mutations in Fanconi anemia, and
five mutations in BRCA1. Each mutation was correctly identified. Finally,
in a blinded study of 106 of these mutations in > 500 patients, all
mutations were properly identified. There were no false positives or false
negatives. The MASDA assay is capable of detecting point mutations as well
as small insertion or deletion mutations. This technology is amenable to
automation and is suitable for immediate utilization for high-throughput
genetic diagnostics in clinical and research laboratories.
相似文献