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Petra Mullner Simon E.F. Spencer Daniel J. Wilson Geoff Jones Alasdair D. Noble Anne C. Midwinter Julie M. Collins-Emerson Philip Carter Steve Hathaway Nigel P. French 《Infection, genetics and evolution》2009,9(6):1311-1319
Integrated surveillance of infectious multi-source diseases using a combination of epidemiology, ecology, genetics and evolution can provide a valuable risk-based approach for the control of important human pathogens. This includes a better understanding of transmission routes and the impact of human activities on the emergence of zoonoses. Until recently New Zealand had extraordinarily high and increasing rates of notified human campylobacteriosis, and our limited understanding of the source of these infections was hindering efforts to control this disease. Genetic and epidemiological modeling of a 3-year dataset comprising multilocus sequence typed isolates from human clinical cases, coupled with concurrent data on food and environmental sources, enabled us to estimate the relative importance of different sources of human disease. Our studies provided evidence that poultry was the leading cause of human campylobacteriosis in New Zealand, causing an estimated 58–76% of cases with widely varying contributions by individual poultry suppliers. These findings influenced national policy and, after the implementation of poultry industry-specific interventions, a dramatic decline in human notified cases was observed in 2008. The comparative-modeling and molecular sentinel surveillance approach proposed in this study provides new opportunities for the management of zoonotic diseases. 相似文献
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Microarray-based comparative genomic analyses of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum using Affymetrix arrays 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Carret CK Horrocks P Konfortov B Winzeler E Qureshi M Newbold C Ivens A 《Molecular and biochemical parasitology》2005,144(2):177-186
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) provides a powerful tool for whole genome analyses and the rapid detection of genomic variation that underlies virulence and disease. In the field of Plasmodium research, many of the parasite genomes that one might wish to study in a high throughput manner are not laboratory clones, but clinical isolates. One of the key limitations to the use of clinical samples in CGH, however, is the miniscule amounts of genomic DNA available. Here we describe the successful application of multiple displacement amplification (MDA), a non-PCR-based amplification method that exhibits clear advantages over all other currently available methods. Using MDA, CGH was performed on a panel of NF54 and IT/FCR3 clones, identifying previously published deletions on chromosomes 2 and 9 as well as polymorphism in genes associated with disease pathology. 相似文献
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The present study investigated sex differences and the effect of a high level of estradiol in the female meadow vole on performance in the forced swim test (FST) and the Morris water maze in meadow voles. Female meadow voles were ovariectomized (OVX) and administered either vehicle (sesame oil) or estradiol for 2 days prior to performing the FST. Four days following the FST, all animals were run in the Morris water maze. Results indicated that estradiol-injected female meadow voles showed more 'depressive-like' behaviors in the FST (greater time spent immobile and less time spent swimming) than vehicle-treated female or male meadow voles. In addition, estradiol-treated females had impaired performance (greater latencies and distance swam to reach the hidden platform) than both vehicle-treated female and male meadow voles, consistent with previous data. Despite the fact that estradiol administration increased 'depressive-like' behaviors in the FST and impaired performance in the Morris water maze, there was no correlation between the two behaviors indicating that 'depressive-like' behaviors did not account for the differences seen in spatial performance in the Morris water maze. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration in rodents indicating that estradiol-mediated changes in behavior in the FST is not indicative of subsequent performance in the Morris water maze. 相似文献
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McPhate Lucy Williams Katrina Vance Alasdair Winther Jo Pang Kenneth May Tamara 《Archives of sexual behavior》2021,50(3):863-871
Archives of Sexual Behavior - Gender variance is a broad term used to describe gender non-conforming behaviors. Past studies have used the parental response to Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Item... 相似文献
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Alasdair M Barr Virginia Lehmann-Masten Martin Paulus Raul R Gainetdinov Marc G Caron Mark A Geyer 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2004,29(2):221-228
A hyperdopaminergic state in humans has been hypothesized to contribute to the pathology of a number of psychiatric illnesses, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mice that display elevated synaptic levels of dopamine due to a genetically engineered deletion of the dopamine transporter (DAT) model behavioral deficits that simulate the above conditions. As novel treatment strategies for these disorders have focused on the serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptor, we determined the capacity of the highly selective 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist M100907 to reverse behavioral deficits in DAT knockout (KO) mice. Prior to drug treatment, DAT KO mice exhibited increased levels of locomotor activity and highly linearized movement in a novel environment, as well as reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle, compared to wild-type littermates. Treatment with M100907 (0.3-1.0 mg/kg, but not 0.1 mg/kg) reversed locomotor deficits in DAT KO mice. Similarly, treatment with 1.0 mg/kg M100907 reversed the PPI deficits in DAT KO mice. These data indicate that selective 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists, such as M100907, may represent a class of drugs that can be used to treat conditions in which a chronic, elevated dopaminergic tone is present and contributes to abnormal behavior and sensorimotor gating deficits. 相似文献
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Andrea Pace Linda Dirven Johan A F Koekkoek Heidrun Golla Jane Fleming Roberta Rudà Christine Marosi Emilie Le Rhun Robin Grant Kathy Oliver Ingela Oberg Helen J Bulbeck Alasdair G Rooney Roger Henriksson H Roeline W Pasman Stefan Oberndorfer Michael Weller Martin J B Taphoorn 《The lancet oncology》2017,18(6):e330-e340
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