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排序方式: 共有596条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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R D Alarcon B R Johnson J P Lucas 《Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry》1991,30(6):999-1002
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is increasingly recognized in patients of different age groups. Serotonergic agents, such as clomipramine, have been recently found to be useful in the management of this condition. However, unexpected side effects, such as dysphoria, aggressiveness, and paranoid ideation, may occur with therapeutic doses of this compound, as evidenced in the cases of two male adolescents presented here. Possible pathogenetic factors, involving serotonin and serotonin-receptor abnormalities are discussed. Management of these side effects is based on adequate dose reduction and monitorization. 相似文献
3.
Benign intracranial hypertension and recombinant growth hormone therapy in Australia and New Zealand
PA Crock JD McKenzie AM Nicoll NJ Howard W Cutfield LK Shield G Byrne 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(4):381-386
Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is reported in three children from Australia and one from New Zealand, who were being treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Three males and one female, aged between 10.5 and 14.2 y, developed intracranial hypertension within 2 weeks to 3 months of starting treatment. A national database, OZGROW, has been prospectively collecting data on all 3332 children treated with rhGH in Australia and New Zealand from January 1986 to 1996. The incidence of BIH in children treated with growth hormone (GH) is small, 1.2 per 1000 cases overall, but appears to be greater with biochemical GHD (<10IUml -1 ), i.e. 6.5/1000 (3 in 465 cases), relative risk 18.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9-176.1, than in all other children on the database. The incidence in patients with Turner's syndrome was 2.3/1000 (1 in 428 cases). No cases in patients with partial GHD (10–20 IUml -1 ) or chronic renal failure were identified. Possible causative mechanisms are discussed. The authors'practice is now to start GH replacement at less than the usual recommended dose of 14IUm-2 week-1 in those children considered to be at high risk of developing BIH. Ophthalmological evaluation is recommended for children before and during the first few months following commencement of rhGH therapy and is mandatory in the event of peripheral or facial oedema, persistent headaches, vomiting or visual symptoms. The absence of papilledema does not exclude the diagnosis. 相似文献
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Background: We describe a technique of laparoscopic cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in the rat analogous to open CLP which may facilitate
the study of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and peritonitis.
Methods: Forty-four rats were randomized to either laparoscopic or open CLP and their 3-day mortality was recorded. Autopsies were
performed for peritoneal fluid cultures, measurement of the length of ligated cecum, and scoring of the degree of cecal necrosis.
Results: Laparoscopic CLP required slightly longer operating times compared to open CLP (average 15.6 vs 13.1 min, p= 0.002). Three-day postoperative mortality was 36.4% and 22.7% for open and laparoscopic CLP, respectively (p= NS). There were no differences in the length of ligated cecum or the cecal necrosis score between the open and laparoscopic
CLP groups.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic CLP is feasible and produces a fecal peritonitis with similar characteristics to those of traditional open CLP.
Received: 3 July 1996/Accepted: 7 January 1997 相似文献
9.
A comparison of surgeons' posture during laparoscopic and open surgical procedures 总被引:17,自引:11,他引:6
Background: There is increasing recognition of surgeons' physical fatigue in the new ergonomic environment of laparoscopic surgery. The
purpose of this study was to determine what the differences are in the movement of the surgeon's axial skeleton between laparoscopic
and open operations.
Methods: Surgeons' body positions were recorded on videotape during four laparoscopic (LAP) and six open (OP) operations. The percent
of time the head and back were in a normal, bent, or twisted position as well as the number of changes in head and back position
were tabulated using a computer program. A separate laboratory study was performed on four surgeons ``walking' a 0.5-inch
polyethylene tubing forward and backward using laparoscopic and open techniques. The movements of the surgeons' head, trunk,
and pelvis were measured using a three-camera kinematic system (Kin). The center of pressure was recorded using a floor-mounted
forceplate (Fp).
Results: In the operating room surgeons' head and back positions were more often straight in laparoscopic procedures and more often
bent in open operations. The number of changes in back position per minute were significantly decreased when the laparoscopic-only
part of surgery was analyzed. In the laboratory the subjects' head position was significantly (p= 0.02) more upright and the anteroposterior (AP) and rotational range of motion of the head was significantly reduced during
laparoscopy. Subjects' CP was more anterior and there was a significant reduction in the AP range of motion of the CP during
laparoscopy.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that surgeons exhibit decreased mobility of the head and back and less anteroposterior weight shifting
during laparoscopic manipulations despite a more upright posture. This more restricted posture during laparoscopic surgery
may induce fatigue by limiting the natural changes in body posture that occur during open surgery.
Received: 3 March 1996/Accepted: 2 July 1996 相似文献
10.
Prabhakar V Grinstaff MW Alarcon J Knors C Solan AK Niklason LE 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2003,67(1):303-311
Techniques have been developed to culture bovine or porcine vascular cells on polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds to form engineered vessels. Previously, it was shown that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that were in close proximity to PGA remnants after 8 weeks of culture had lower expression of SMC markers of differentiation and were more mitotic compared with SMCs that were distant from polymer residuals. Modifications of PGA were explored as a means to minimize residual polymer fragments after culture. To hasten degradation, polymer was treated with heat, NaOH, or gamma-irradiation. Differential scanning calorimetry, mass and tensile strength degradation, and inherent viscosity were used to assess polymer characteristics. When polymer was maintained in aqueous conditions, tensile strength of treated PGA degraded to zero within 3 weeks for each treatment. Engineered vessel constructs cultured on NaOH and gamma-treated polymer displayed smooth muscle alpha-actin throughout the vessel wall. Scaffold treatment impacted graft morphology, cellular differentiation, and mechanical integrity. 相似文献