全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1159篇 |
免费 | 96篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 46篇 |
儿科学 | 24篇 |
妇产科学 | 26篇 |
基础医学 | 203篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 126篇 |
内科学 | 233篇 |
皮肤病学 | 12篇 |
神经病学 | 127篇 |
特种医学 | 44篇 |
外科学 | 171篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
预防医学 | 59篇 |
眼科学 | 33篇 |
药学 | 73篇 |
肿瘤学 | 58篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 32篇 |
2021年 | 67篇 |
2020年 | 29篇 |
2019年 | 51篇 |
2018年 | 55篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 96篇 |
2011年 | 87篇 |
2010年 | 42篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 54篇 |
2007年 | 54篇 |
2006年 | 52篇 |
2005年 | 37篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 33篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 17篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1262条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
Treatment of migraine with ergot alkaloids may produce systemic vasospasm in patients, especially as a result of automedication and overconsumption but also due to individual hypersensitivity. Peripheral vasoconstriction may lead to gangrene of the extremities, necessitating amputation. Various treatments have been tried against ischemic complications during ergotism with varied and unpredictable results. We report two recent cases of severe acute peripheral ischemia due to ergotamine abuse successfully treated with continuous systemic sodium nitroprusside infusion. The doses used during intraarterial injection are well below those known to be toxic. Consequently, the adverse effects of cyanide toxicity can be avoided. We think that intraarterial infusion of sodium nitroprusside, associated with forced diuresis and the administration of hydroxycobalamin, constitutes the treatment of choice of extreme peripheral ischemia of ergotism. 相似文献
2.
3.
Jose W Ruiz Jose Guzman Marek Polak Adrien A Eshraghi Thomas J Balkany Thomas R Van De Water 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2006,135(5):792-797
OBJECTIVE: Test the ability of glutathione monoethyl ester (GSH(e)) to protect auditory hair cells against the ototoxic effects of 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (HNE). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Organ of Corti explants were either untreated or treated with one of a series of four concentrations of GSH(e) for one day, then exposed to HNE. Counts of FITC-phalloidin-labeled hair cells determined both HNE ototoxicity and GSH(e) otoprotection. RESULTS: HNE was toxic to hair cells at physiologically relevant levels, eg, 400 muM, and GSH(e) provided a significant level of protection against HNE ototoxicity (P < 0.05) at all levels tested, ie, 1.16 to 9.3 mM. CONCLUSION: GSH(e) protects auditory hair cells from damage and loss initiated by a naturally occurring ototoxic molecule, ie, HNE (a by-product of oxidative stress). SIGNIFICANCE: Treatment with GSH(e) may be an effective therapy to protect the cochlea against the adverse effects of traumas (eg, electrode insertion) that generate oxidative stress. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
J. L. Adrien C. Barthélémy A. Perrot S. Roux P. Lenoir L. Hameury D. Sauvage 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》1992,22(3):375-394
The Infant Behavioral Summarized Evaluation (IBSE) is a rating scale adapted from the Behavioral Summarized Evaluation (BSE) and specifically related to the assessment of behaviors of young children having autistic disorders. Content validity and reliability studies described in the paper were made from behavior ratings of videotapes for 89 children aged from 6 to 48 months. Results show a significant group of 19 items including some characteristic early autistic behaviors (communicative and social abnormalities) and some that are less commonly described in the syndrome (attentional, perceptive, and adaptive disorders). The value of the use of this scale for clinicians and professionals involved in behavioral evaluations and treatment of young children with developmental disorders and the necessity for further psychometric investigations are discussed.This study was supported by INSERM U.316 Nervous System from the Foetus to the Child. Development, Circulation, Metabolism, L. Pourcelot, INSERM, Network INSERM No. 489001, Grant INSERM No. 911182 (D. Savrage) No. 911008 (L. Hameury) MRT. No. 9906 Fondation Langlois. Gratitude is expressed to Professor G. Lelord who initiated and supervised this study. The authors thank Professor J. Fermanian, Department of Biostatistics, CHU Necker, Paris, for his helpful suggestions and assistance. They also thank Dr. Larmande, Dr. Leddet, Dr. Glorion, and Dr. Garreau for their medical participation in the study and C. Richard, C. Fillatre, J. Rabant, and F. Etourneau for the psychological assessments of children. Special thanks to G. Calzas, M. Barré, A. Lardeux, and D. Lioret for their technical assistance. 相似文献
7.
Nicole Bruneau Frédérique Bonnet-Brilhault Marie Gomot Jean-Louis Adrien Catherine Barthélémy 《International journal of psychophysiology》2003,51(1):17-25
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relations between late auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) recorded at temporal sites (the N1c wave or Tb) and verbal and non-verbal abilities in children with autism. The study was performed in 26 mentally retarded children with autism (AUT) aged 4-8 years (mean age +/- S.E.M. = 71 +/- 2 months; mean verbal and non-verbal developmental quotient +/- S.E.M. = 36 +/- 4 and 48 +/- 3). The stimuli used were 750 Hz tone bursts of 200 ms duration delivered binaurally at different intensity levels (50, 60, 70, 80 dB SPL) with 3-5 s interstimulus intervals. Temporal AEPs were first compared to those of a group of 16 normal children (NOR) in the same age range (mean age +/- S.E.M. = 69 +/- 3 months). We then focused on the AUT group and considered relations between temporal AEPs and the severity of disorders of verbal and non-verbal communication assessed using a behavior rating scale. AEPs recorded on left and right temporal sites were of smaller amplitude in the AUT group than in the NOR group. Increasing intensity-related amplitude was observed on both sides in NOR and only on the right side in AUT. The lack of intensity effect on the left side resulted in a particular pattern of asymmetry at the highest level of intensity (80 dB SPL) with greater N1c amplitude on the right than on the left side (the reverse was found in the NOR group). Electro-clinical correlations indicated that the greater the amplitude of the right temporal N1c responses, the higher the verbal and non-verbal communication abilities. This suggests a developmental reorganization of left-right hemisphere functions in autism, with preferential activation of the right hemisphere for functions usually allocated to the left hemisphere, particularly those involving the secondary auditory areas situated on the lateral surface of the superior temporal gyrus where the N1c/Tb wave is generated. 相似文献
8.
Adrien JL Rossignol-Deletang N Martineau J Couturier G Barthelemy C 《Developmental psychobiology》2001,39(2):124-136
Based on the Piagetian framework, this study examined regulation of cognitive activity and developmental communication profiles and their interrelationship in groups of autistic, mentally retarded, and normal children of comparable overall, verbal, and oculo-manual developmental ages (from 6 to 24 months). Regulation of activity was assessed with both an object permanence test and an original behavior grid, and development of communication skills with the Guidetti-Tourrette scales (French adaptation of the Seibert-Hogan scales). The results showed evidence of certain types of dysregulation of cognitive activity and a general delay in communication ability in autistic children compared to the other two groups. Moreover, although the intensity of some of these disorders decreased in relation to the developmental levels of social interaction and joint attention in normal children, they were related to both high and low levels of development of social interaction only in autistic children. These findings raise the hypothesis of a relationship between a disorder of disengaging from an activity and developmental levels of social interaction noted at two transitory periods of early development (12 and 24 months) only in children with autism. Developmental and neuropsychological interpretations of this particular pattern are proposed. 相似文献
9.
Armelle Regnault Jean-Pierre Levraud Annick Lim Adrien Six Christiane Moreau Ana Cumano Philippe Kourilsky 《European journal of immunology》1996,26(4):914-921
In conventional mice, the T cell receptor (TCR)αβ+ CD8αα+ and CD8αβ+ subsets of the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) constitute two subpopulations. Each comprise a few hundred clones expressing apparently random receptor repertoires which are different in individual genetically identical mice (Regnault, A., Cumano, A., Vassalli, P., Guy-Grand, D. and Kourilsky, P., J. Exp. Med. 1994. 180: 1345). We analyzed the repertoire diversity of sorted CD8αα and CD8αβ+ IEL populations from the small intestine of individual germ-free mice that contain ten times less TCRαβ+ T cells than conventional mice. The TCRβ repertoire of the CD8αα and the CD8αβ IEL populations of germ-free adult mice shows the same degree of oligoclonality as that of conventional mice. These results show that the intestinal microflora is not responsible for the repertoire oligoclonality of TCRαβ+ IEL. The presence of the microflora leads to an expansion of clones which arise independently of bacteria. To evaluate the degree of expansion of IEL clones in conventional mice, we went on to measure their clone sizes in vivo by quantitative PCR in the total and in adjacent sections of the small intestine of adult animals. We found that both the CD8αα and the CD8αβ TCRαβ IEL clones have a heterogeneous size pattern, with clones containing from 3 × 103 cells up to 1.2 × 106 cells, the clones being qualitatively and quantitatively different in individual mice. Cells from a given IEL clone are not evenly distributed throughout the length of the small intestine. The observation that the TCRαβ IEL populations comprise a few hundred clones of very heterogeneous size and distribution suggests that they arise from a limited number of precursors, which may be slowly but continuously renewed, and undergo extensive clonal expansion in the epithelium. 相似文献
10.
Yann Gouëffic Jean L. Pin Jean Sabatier Yves Alimi Eric Steinmetz Pierre-Edouard Magnan Olivier Marret Adrien Kaladji Bertrand Chavent Benjamin Kretz Alexandra Jobert Solène Schirr-Bonnans Béatrice Guyomarc'h Valéry P. Riche Lucie S. du Mont Philippe Tessier 《European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery》2021,61(3):447-455