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1.
F. Marino M. Cosentino F. De Ponti C. Giaroni L. Somaini R. Bombelli M. Ferrari A.J. Aasen S. Lecchini G. Frigo 《Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology》1997,17(6):365-372
1 The present study examined the role of muscarinic receptors in the modulation of noradrenaline (NA) release in the guinea-pig isolated distal colon. The spontaneous endogenous NA overflow assayed by HPLC-ED was taken as an index of NA release from enteric noradrenergic nerve terminals. 2 Physostigmine (10 μm ) significantly enhanced spontaneous endogenous NA overflow. Hyoscine (muscarinic antagonist), (R)-(-)-trihexyphenidyl and telenzepine (M1-selective antagonists), and 11[[2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperydil]acetyl]-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepine-6-one (AF-DX 116, M2-selective antagonist) inhibited NA overflow in a concentration dependent manner, with the following EC50 values: 131.74 (18.19–953.96), 101.62 (58.83–175.60), 150 (60–330), 30 (5–170) nm , respectively. 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP, M1- and M3- selective antagonist) had no significant effect up to 100 μm . 3 The muscarinic agonist oxotremorine inhibited NA overflow in a concentration dependent manner, with an EC50 value of 0.67 (0.30–1.51) μm . The response to oxotremorine was inhibited by muscarinic antagonists with the following order of potency: hyoscine = (R)-(-)-trihexyphenidyl = telenzepine > 4-DAMP >> AF-DX 116. 4 In the presence of 3 μm tetrodotoxin (TTX), the effect of oxotremorine and 4-DAMP was unchanged, while hyoscine, (R)-(-)-trihexyphenidyl, telenzepine and AF-DX 116, instead of inhibiting, significantly enhanced NA overflow. 5 The present results indicate that, in the guinea-pig colon, endogenous acetylcholine sustains spontaneous NA release by activating muscarinic receptors possibly located on interneurones. In addition, inhibitory muscarinic receptors may exist on adrenergic terminals. 相似文献
2.
T. Scholz Ø. Mathisen A. Bergan S. Osnes R. Innes T. Pedersen A. O. Aasen O. Søreide 《Transplant international》1997,10(3):180-184
We have introduced and evaluated several modifications of the conventional venovenous bypass (VVBP) in 29 adult patients
undergoing liver transplantation (OLT). A percutaneous technique for insertion of a jugular venous return cannula and a femoral
vein cannula was applied. The inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) was used for splanchnic decompression, which facilitated dissection
of the recipient liver and allowed portal anastomosis to be performed without disconnecting the portal bypass. A heat exchanger
was introduced into the bypass circuit to prevent heat loss. The percutaneous technique prevented complications related to
dissection in the axilla and groin. Hemodynamic characteristics corresponded to those found using the traditional technique.
Complications related to the VVBP were seen in only one patient in whom the femoral catheter was accidentally introduced into
the femoral artery. We conclude that percutaneous cannulas, use of the IMV for splanchnic decompression and the introduction
of a heat exchanger offer significant benefits and that they are safe and reliable.
Received: 23 August 1996 Received after revision: 14 January 1997 Accepted: 27 January 1997 相似文献
3.
CT scans of 40 patients without pathology in the floor of the mouth or the submandibular glands were reviewed. Intraglandular ducts were visualized in 27 and extraglandular ducts in 3 patients. The CT appearances of dilated submandibular ducts are described in 4 patients with proven causes of obstruction. Widening of the narrow gutter between the mylohyoid and hyoglossus muscles in one scan level is a prominent feature. An intra- or extraglandular duct diameter of 3 mm or more indicates possible obstruction, and the CT images should be scrutinized to reveal the cause. 相似文献
4.
5.
Sarcoidosis or sarcoid-like lesions occurred in three patients with hematologic malignancies. In one patient, an overlap syndrome sarcoidosis/polycythemia vera was the most probable diagnosis. In the other two cases, the granulomas were probably secondary to myelofibrosis and Waldenstr?m's disease, respectively. Recent epidemiological studies have failed to show a causal relationship between sarcoidosis and malignancy. The co-existence of sarcoidosis and malignancy is probably fortuitous, but non-caseating granulomas may occur secondary to malignant diseases. 相似文献
6.
ystein Bruserud Ingrid Aasen Per Espen Akselsen Jann Bergheim Gro Rasmussen Ingrid Nesthus 《European journal of haematology》1996,57(1):87-95
Abstract: Blast cells derived from peripheral blood of patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) were cultured in vitro and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) concentrations determined in culture supernatants. AML blasts derived from patients classified as AML-M4 and AML-M5 subtype showed an increased release of IL1RA. IL1α and IL1β caused a similar increase in AML blast release of IL1RA, and addition of anti-ILl antibodies decreased IL1RA release. IL1RA release from AML blasts was also increased by stem cell factor, tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and macrophage colony-stimulating factor, whereas interleukin 3, interleukin 6, leukaemia inhibitory factor and granulocyte colony- stimulating factor did not significantly alter IL1RA release. When investigating IL1RA serum levels, serum concentrations were decreased in acute leukaemia patients with chemotherapy-induced cytopenia compared with healthy controls. Serum levels of both IL1RA as well as IL1β and soluble TNFα receptors increased when the leucopenic patients developed complicating bacterial infections. 相似文献
7.
E. Fosse H. Opdahl S. Sunde A. O. Aasen J.-L. Svennevig 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1987,31(1):33-37
Increased numbers of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) in the airways, as measured by PMN content in bronchial lavage fluid (P less than 0.01), were found 3 h postoperatively in ten patients undergoing surgery for lumbar aortic aneurysms. An increase in plasma levels of the complement split product C3dg from 6 (0-19) AU/ml preoperatively to 20 (13-50) AU/ml 3 h after surgery (P less than 0.01), indicates an activation of the complement cascade. These changes were not accompanied by increased elastase activity in the bronchial lavage fluid or by major changes in pulmonary blood gas exchange or vascular resistance, indicating that massive PMN activation, analogous to that proposed in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) had not taken place. In conclusion, complement system activation and migration of PMN into the airways, as seen in connection with major vascular surgery, does not seem to contribute to ARDS-type pulmonary dysfunction. 相似文献
8.
Schjelderup Lise Kozlowski Michael R. Weissman Albert Aasen Arne J. 《Pharmaceutical research》1988,5(4):236-237
The (R)-( + )- and (S)-( – )-enantiomers of the anticholinergic compound, oxyphencyclimine, were synthesized from (R)-( – )- and (S)-( + )-2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethanoic acid, respectively. The potencies of the enantiomers were compared using a cholinergic receptor binding assay. The (R)-( + )-enantiomer inhibited binding 29 times more potently than the (S)-( – )-enantiomer. 相似文献
9.
Dahle MK Øverland G Myhre AE Stuestøl JF Hartung T Krohn CD Mathiesen Ø Wang JE Aasen AO 《Infection and immunity》2004,72(10):5704-5711
Sepsis caused by gram-positive bacteria lacking lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has become a major and increasing cause of mortality in intensive-care units. We have recently demonstrated that the gram-positive-specific bacterial cell wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) stimulates the release of the proinflammatory cytokines in Kupffer cells in culture. In the present study, we have started to assess the signal transduction events by which LTA induces the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in rat Kupffer cells. LTA was found to trigger phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) (p38 MAPK and ERK 1/2) and protein kinase B (PKB). Compared to LPS, LTA was more potent in inducing PKB phosphorylation after 40 min, although we found that the cytokine responses were similar. For both bacterial molecules, blocking phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K; Ly294002) or Janus kinase 2 (JAK-2; AG490) particularly affected the induction of IL-6 and IL-10 release, whereas TNF-alpha levels were strongly reduced by inhibition of Src family tyrosine kinases (PP2). All three cytokines were reduced by inhibition of p38 MAPK (SB202190) or the broad-range tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, whereas IL-6 release was particularly blocked by inhibition of ERK 1/2 (PD98059). Divergences in the regulatory pathways controlling TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-6 production in Kupffer cells following LPS or LTA stimulation may create a basis for understanding how the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is regulated in the liver following infections by gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. 相似文献
10.
Peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus induce tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-10 production in both T cells and monocytes in a human whole blood model
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Wang JE Jørgensen PF Almlöf M Thiemermann C Foster SJ Aasen AO Solberg R 《Infection and immunity》2000,68(7):3965-3970