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背景:聚乳酸及其共聚物是一种有良好的生物相容性和可降解性材料,由于具有较好的物理机械性能和热成型性且它的最终降解产物是H2O和CO2.因此在组织工程、药物载体缓释制剂等领域中被广泛研究和应用.目的:尽管聚乳酸及其共聚物,已分别在组织工程支架、药物载体缓释制剂领域中被广泛研究和应用.希望通过复习相关文献,研究其同时既为支架材料,又为药物载体材料在骨结核疾病造成骨缺损临床中的应用.方法:应用计算机检索Medline数据库(1993-01/2010-06),及中国知网数据库.英文检索词为"Tissue engineering、 drug delivery、 sustained release degradation、 lactic acid、 glycolic acid、 bone tuberculosis",中文检索词为"组织工程、药物载体、缓释降解、聚乳酸、聚羟基乙酸、骨结核等.结果与结论:初检得到157篇文献,排除重复性研究,阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,保留31篇进行归纳总结.聚乳酸及其共聚物作为骨组织工程支架,有利于骨细胞生长,优于传统的骨修复材料.作为药物载体,在体内的缓释降解发挥最佳药效,能够减少药物对全身特别是肝、肾的毒副作用.但是其既作为支架材料又同时作为药物载体的研究文献不多. 相似文献
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背景:利用可降解缓释生物材料包载利福平或异烟肼制成50 μm以下的缓释降解肺靶向微球已多有报道,主要用于静脉注射肺靶向治疗研究。
目的:研制长效缓释双组分药物人工骨,筛选最佳制备工艺并行体外释药特性观察。
方法:采用乳剂-溶剂挥发法正交设计优化制备工艺,分别制备利福平聚乳酸-羟基乙醇共聚物微球和异烟肼聚乳酸-羟基乙醇共聚物微球。利用生物黏合剂将两种微球加工成长效缓释双组分药物人工骨。
结果与结论:按照优化工艺分别制得聚乳酸-羟基乙醇共聚物载利福平26%、异烟肼28%的微球,并按质量各50%制成人工骨,体外释放90 d保持0.02,0.03 mg/L药物浓度。表明该人工骨有望为骨结核治疗用提供一种新型的方法。 相似文献
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颈部淋巴结核的外科治疗探讨(附331例报告) 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
目的探讨外科手术治疗颈淋巴结核的经验。方法2001年1月~2005年1月,对331例颈部淋巴结核进行外科手术治疗。其中结节型140例,脓肿型106例,窦道型85例。结果140例结节型均采取根治性切除术,4例复发,经再次手术治愈;106例脓肿型均采取脓肿切开清创搔爬术,5例复发,经再次手术治愈;85例窦道型61例采取窦道搔爬术,4例复发,经再次手术治愈,另24例采取连同原发淋巴结在内的窦道切除术,全部治愈。结论对药疗难以奏效的结节型应采取积极的根治性切除;对脓肿型宜采取切开搔爬术;对窦道型须根据病灶情况选择窦道搔爬或窦道切除术并切除原发的淋巴结。为减少术后复发,应并用合理化疗。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer is a sustained-release material with relatively large drug loading and long-term release abilities that can degrade with cell growth in the body. However, its poor hydrophily easily leads to aseptic inflammation that is detrimental to the body’s recovery.
OBJECTIVE: To study the release and distribution of anti-tuberculosis drug delivery materials locally oriented within the rabbit radius.
METHODS: After modeling, 20 New Zealand white rabbits with distal radius bone defect were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, which were respectively given implantation of isoniazid-rifampicin polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer/β-tricalcium phosphate material and isoniazid-rifampicin polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer into the defect. Then, X-ray examination of the defect region was conducted at weeks 4, 8, 12 post implantation. Histological observation and detection of peripheral blood or local blood concentration were performed at week 12.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After implantation, Lane-Sandhu X-ray scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05). The defect in the experimental group was healed completely with less release residual among newborn bone trabeculae and osteocytes were markedly visible on the material surface, while in the control group, new bone tissues were interconnected with the surrounding bone tissues at the defect site, and less release residual was found. Both peripheral blood and local blood concentrations in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after implantation (P < 0.05). To conclude, the anti-tuberculosis drug delivery material, isoniazid-rifampicin polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer/β-tricalcium phosphate, has ideal release effect that can stably deliver anti-tuberculosis drugs for a long term at a high bactericidal concentration. 相似文献
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背景:骨结核患者常规用药,病灶处结核药物的有效浓度低,治疗效果差。目的:制备一种可直接植入骨结核病灶内的,且具有在骨结核周围组织能够长期保持一定的抗结核药物浓度,起到提高骨结核的治愈率有效治疗的新型生物材料。方法:采用乳剂-溶剂挥发法制备利福平-聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物微球和异烟肼-聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物微球,利用生物黏合剂α-氰基丙烯酸烷基酯将2种微球加工成长效缓释双组分药物载体,观察缓释双药物载体体外释药特性;然后将缓释双药物载体置入兔股骨转子间骨缺损部位,观察载药缓释载体植入后不同时间点药物释放浓度、组织相容性及骨缺损的愈合情况。结果与结论:利福平-聚乳酸-羟基乙酸微球平均粒径(240±13)μm,载药率为(26±1.5)%。异烟肼-聚乳酸-羟基乙酸微球平均粒径(250±10)μm,载药率为(28±1.8)%。利福平、异烟肼,90 d体外累积释放率可达到80%和90%。90 d体内释放利福平和异烟肼的浓度可达(0.5±0.4)和(0.6±0.3)μg/g。缓释双药物载体置入兔股骨转子间骨缺损部位可见筋膜、肌纤维之间出现少量中性粒细胞浸润,59 d 后肌肉组织中性粒细胞明显减少,X射线平片显示骨缺损明显缩小。提示该载体能够长时间保持骨结核周围组织中一定的药物浓度,弥补血中药物浓度不足,有望在骨结核手术治疗中提供一种新型的双药物缓释载体。 相似文献
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