血管紧张素(1-7)和依那普利拉对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响

Objective To investigate effects of angiotcnsin ( 1-7 ) [ Ang( 1-7 ) ] and enalaprilat on function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum. Methods Eighty SD rats were used to prepare burn serum. Hearts of another 24 SD rats were isolated to reproduce Langendorff perfusion model. The rat hearts were divided into different groups with different perfusion fluids as K-H buffer group, K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum group ( burn serum group) , K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 2 μg/mL enala-prilat group (enalaprilat group), and K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 1 nmol/mL Ang(1-7) group [ Ang(1-7) group]. The rat hearts were perfused for 30 mins with each of above-mentioned fluids in different groups. Then left ventrieular systolic pressure (LVSP) , left ventricular end diastolic pressure ( LV-EDP) , ± dp/dt max, coronary flow(CF) , level of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in respective coronary effluent were determined. Results Compared with LVSP ( 11.2 ± 1.0 kPa, 1 kPa = 7.5 mm Hg), +dp/dt max (642±53 kPa/s), -dp/dt max (380±61 kPa/s) and CF level in K-H buffer group, CF, LVSP(5.9±0.8, 8.0±1.1, 8.9±1.3 kPa, respectively), +dp/dt max(275±37, 454±48, 479±63 kPa/s, respectively), - dp/dt max ( 135±35, 219±47, 277±58 kPa/s, respectively ) of burn serum group, those levels in Ang(1-7) group, and enalaprilat group were decreased obviously(P<0.05 or P <0.01 ), but LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were increased. Compared with those parameters in burn serum group, CF, LVSP, ±dp/dt max of Ang(1-7) group and enalaprilat group were increased obviously(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were decreased obviously(P<0.01). Conclusions Ang(1-7) and enalaprilat can effectively improve left ventricular function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum and mitigate myocardial injury.     

细胞外基质在无瘢痕修复和再生中的研究进展

细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)是由蛋白、水和化合物所构成的包裹在细胞外的复杂网状结构,其在发育、组织动态平衡,以及伤后恢复中起关键作用。但在损伤修复中,由于 ECM 的调控存在物种差异,即 ECM 在一些动物体内对细胞和可溶性成分动态响应可有效修复受损组织,而在另一些动物体内却引起非细胞瘢痕组织纤维化,这种现象与巨噬细胞有着密切的关系。本文基于 ECM 在损伤修复中的关键作用,探索 ECM 成分在组织再生治疗中的作用和策略,为组织修复和治疗提供了方法和策略。     

微沟槽图形结构对硅橡胶表面性能和细胞相容性的影响

目的 制作具有微沟槽图形的硅橡胶(silicone rubber,SR)表面改性材料,检测改性前后材料表面理化性质,初步评价细胞相容性.方法 利用具有微沟槽图形的方形母版,采用浇灌的方法成功制作表面具有微沟槽图形的硅橡胶改性材料,同时进行碳离子注入处理,并采用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、原子力显微镜(atomic force microscope,AFM)、水接触角等技术测量改性前后硅橡胶的表面理化性质.通过细胞黏附实验、CCK-8细胞增殖实验以及Western blot等技术观察人真皮成纤维细胞的生长情况以及Talin、Zyxin蛋白的表达.结果 AFM观察到各组材料表面形貌出现明显的差异,微沟槽硅橡胶(patterned SR,P-SR)以及微沟槽-碳硅橡胶(patterned carbon ion implanted SR,PC-SR)均可在表面见微沟槽图形,而碳硅橡胶(carbon ion implanted SR,C-SR)出现不规则凸凹结构.水接触角显示材料进行微沟槽图形化处理后,可增加材料的水接触角.细胞黏附和增殖实验提示对材料进行微沟槽图形化处理后,细胞的黏附和增殖能力较C-SR降低,但两者差异无统计学意义.免疫荧光观察到人真皮成纤维细胞在P-SR和PC-SR组排列有序.Western blot检测细胞黏附相关蛋白Talin、Zyxin的表达在C-SR和PC-SR组高于SR组(P＜0.05).结论 微沟槽图形可影响硅橡胶的表面性能和细胞的增殖、排列等功能,对减轻包膜挛缩发生率起到积极作用.     

局部肿胀麻醉技术在假体隆乳术中的应用

假体隆乳术是整形外科中常见手术之一,在多数医院常用的麻醉方式有全身麻醉及高位硬膜外麻醉,但上述麻醉需要良好的麻醉设备.我们总结了2009～2011年对190例采用局部肿胀麻醉技术施行隆乳术的经验,现报告如下.     

醋酸曲安奈德局部注射联合手术切除治疗耳部瘢痕疙瘩

目的总结注射醋酸曲安奈德控制瘢痕疙瘩生长后联合手术切除耳垂瘢痕疙瘩的临床经验。方法采用耳垂瘢痕疙瘩局部注射醋酸曲安奈德治疗3~4次后,手术切除耳垂瘢痕疙瘩,术中保留部分瘢痕疙瘩边缘皮肤并行无张力缝合,术后观察6~24个月。结果本组31只耳手术切口全部一期愈合,随访6~24个月,26只耳治愈,4只耳有效,1只耳无效,有效治愈率约96.8%。结论醋酸曲安奈德局部注射后手术切除能有效治疗耳部瘢痕疙瘩。     

46例Ⅱ、Ⅲ度瘢痕性睑外翻手术治疗的临床分析

目的探讨瘢痕性睑外翻的手术细节的改进及治疗效果。方法回顾我科收治的Ⅱ、Ⅲ度瘢痕性睑外翻患者46例,根据睑外翻的程度和局部情况,选择眼睑部正常皮肤与瘢痕组织交界处设计切口线,尽可能保留和恢复眼轮匝肌结构,松解区域分别超出内外眦处并达眼裂水平,采用全厚皮片游离移植术行睑外翻手术矫正并行睑缘融合,皮片于内外眦韧带处行皮内固定。结果随访6个月至2年,46例眼睑皮片完全存活,眼睑复位良好,无1例眼睑闭合不全。结论适当的选择手术切口线及松解范围,尽可能保留眼轮匝肌的结构完整并对移植皮片在内外眦处进行固定,可以有效预防睑外翻的复发,提升手术效果。     

"休克心"对严重烫伤大鼠早期肝肾肠损害的启动作用

目的 了解"休克心"对严重烫伤大鼠早期肝、肾、肠损害是否具有启动作用.方法 将56只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组(8只),不予烫伤;烫伤组(48只),大鼠背部造成30%TBSA Ⅲ度烫伤,设伤后0.5、1.0、3.0、6.0、12.0和24.0 h观察时相点,每时相点8只大鼠.伤后30 min按Park-land公式腹腔注射乳酸林格液(4 mL·kg-1·1%TBSA-1).检测大鼠肝、肾、肠血流量;动脉收缩压(SBP)、动脉舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP)、左心室压力最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dt max);抽取各组大鼠静脉血检测其血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)含量.结果 伤后1.0 h烫伤组大鼠肝、肾、肠血流量均明显降低.伤后12.0 h内均呈持续下降趋势,至伤后24.0 h仍显著低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).烫伤组大鼠伤后1.0 h,LVSP和±dp/dt max即明显下降;伤后3.0 h,SBP、DBP、MAP明显下降;伤后6.0 h所有心脏功能指标均降低,至伤后24.0 h仍低于对照组(P＜0.01).与对照组[(1.71±0.07)μg/L]比较,伤后0.5 h烫伤组大鼠血清cTnI[(2.22±0.08)μg/L]即明显升高,伤后12.0 h[(7.07±0.44)μg/L]达峰值,伤后24.0 h[(4.57±0.30)μg/L]仍保持在较高水平(P＜0.01);伤后3.0 h血清TBA及伤后1.0 h血清β2-MG、DAO开始明显升高,并超过对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),至伤后12.0 h仍呈上升趋势.结论 严重烫伤后心肌损害在时间上明显早于其他脏器,且与其他脏器损害指标和血流量呈显著相关,提示"休克心"可能是严重烫伤后早期肝、肾、肠血流量减少和损害的启动因素之一,但还需深入研究以进一步证明.     

血管紧张素(1-7)和依那普利拉对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响

Objective To investigate effects of angiotcnsin ( 1-7 ) [ Ang( 1-7 ) ] and enalaprilat on function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum. Methods Eighty SD rats were used to prepare burn serum. Hearts of another 24 SD rats were isolated to reproduce Langendorff perfusion model. The rat hearts were divided into different groups with different perfusion fluids as K-H buffer group, K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum group ( burn serum group) , K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 2 μg/mL enala-prilat group (enalaprilat group), and K-H buffer containing 20% burn serum and 1 nmol/mL Ang(1-7) group [ Ang(1-7) group]. The rat hearts were perfused for 30 mins with each of above-mentioned fluids in different groups. Then left ventrieular systolic pressure (LVSP) , left ventricular end diastolic pressure ( LV-EDP) , ± dp/dt max, coronary flow(CF) , level of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in respective coronary effluent were determined. Results Compared with LVSP ( 11.2 ± 1.0 kPa, 1 kPa = 7.5 mm Hg), +dp/dt max (642±53 kPa/s), -dp/dt max (380±61 kPa/s) and CF level in K-H buffer group, CF, LVSP(5.9±0.8, 8.0±1.1, 8.9±1.3 kPa, respectively), +dp/dt max(275±37, 454±48, 479±63 kPa/s, respectively), - dp/dt max ( 135±35, 219±47, 277±58 kPa/s, respectively ) of burn serum group, those levels in Ang(1-7) group, and enalaprilat group were decreased obviously(P<0.05 or P <0.01 ), but LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were increased. Compared with those parameters in burn serum group, CF, LVSP, ±dp/dt max of Ang(1-7) group and enalaprilat group were increased obviously(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and LVEDP, level of CK and LDH in coronary effluent were decreased obviously(P<0.01). Conclusions Ang(1-7) and enalaprilat can effectively improve left ventricular function of isolated rat heart perfused by burn serum and mitigate myocardial injury.     

车祸伤后肢体巨大创面伴严重感染1例

病例 男性,38岁。入院前15小时患者驾驶摩托车时与大货车相撞,大货车后轮碾压致伤下腹部、会阴部、左大腿,擦挫伤四肢多处。伤后感剧烈疼痛、口渴、心慌、气促,站立、行走不能,伤后无昏迷。其中下腹部及左下肢致大面积皮肤软组织撕脱,污染、毁损严重（图1）。入院诊断为：①阴囊大面积坏死。②双侧睾丸重度挫伤、左侧睾丸坏死。③会阴部皮肤大面积坏死。     

血管紧张素(1-7)和依那普利拉对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响

目的 了解血管紧张素(1-7)[Ang(1-7)]和依那普利托对烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠心脏功能的影响.方法 选取80只SD大鼠制备烧伤血清.另取24只SD大鼠心脏建立Langendofff离体灌注模型.根据灌注液不同,将大鼠心脏分为K-H液组、含体积分数20%烧伤血清的K-H液组(烧伤血清组)、含体积分数20%烧伤血清和2μg/mL依那普利拉的K-H液组(依那普利托组)、含体积分数20%烧伤血清和1 nmoL/mL Ang(1-7)的K-H液组[Ang(1-7)组].各组大鼠心脏连续灌注30min上述溶液后,检测其左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP)、左心室压力最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dt max),以及冠状动脉血流量(CF)和冠状动脉流出液中肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量.结果 与K-H液组LVSP[(11.2±1.0)kPa,1 kPa=7.5 mm Hg]、+dp/dt max[(642±53)kPa/s]、-dp/dt max[(380±61)kPa/s]及CF值比较,烧伤血清组、依那普利拉组和Ang(1.7)组LVSP[(5.9±0.8)、(8.0±1.1)、(8.9±1.3)kPa]、+dp/dt max[(275±37)、(454±48)、(479±63)kPa/s]、-dp/dt max[(135±35)、(219±47)、(277±58)kPa/s]及CF值均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),LVEDP和冠状动脉流出液中CK、LDH的含量升高.与烧伤血清组比较,依那普利拉组和Ang(1-7)组CF、LVSP及±dp/dt max均明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),LVEDP和冠状动脉流出液中CK、LDH的含量明显降低(P<0.01).结论 Ang(1-7)和依那普利拉均能有效改善烧伤血清离体灌注大鼠左心功能,减轻心肌损伤.