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Effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes:retrospective epidemic analysis during 2000-2001 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Objective: To make an epidemiological analysis of the effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes (RTCs). Methods: Epidemiologic data of extremely severe RTCs associated with environmental factors, including weather, topography, road conditions and other traffic conditions in Mainland China during 2000-2001, were collected and analyzed. Results: ( 1 ) During 2000-2001, there were 3 365 extremely severe RTCs with 13 666 deaths, 12 204 injuries and a direct economical loss of 136 million RMB. ( 2 ) Most extremely severe RTCs occurred in fine weather days and in the daytime. The high occurrence sites were plain areas, horizontal and straight roads, Grade B and C roads, ordinary road segment, and asphalt, smooth and mixed roads. (3) Compared with other RTCs, extremely severe RTCs were more likely to happen under following conditions: on cloudy, snowing, misty and blustering days; in hill and mountainous areas; on crooked and sloping roads; on freeway, Grade A, B, and C roads; mixed roads; ordinary, bridge, narrow and transitional roads; sand and dirt-roads; without traffic control measures; night without lighting. (4) Extremely severe RTCs of mountainous area or crooked and sloping roads were most severe in terms of deaths and injures per crash. Conclusions: Extremely severe RTCs are closely related with environmental factors. Rational road programming, enhancing road establishment and improving road conditions are probably effective measures to reduce the road traffic injuries. 相似文献
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猫部分背根切断后背根节一氧化氮合酶的表达变化 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
目的 了解一氧化氮合酶(NOS)在背根损伤的背根节及邻近未受损之背根节中表达的变化。方法 采用部分去背根传入动物模型,通过免疫组织化学ABC法,观察猫背根节中nNOS及eNOS同工酶阳性免疫产物的分布、阳性神经元的数量及变化。结果 猫背根节中nNOS阳性反应物主要分布于小神经元中;背根被切断的L。背根节及邻近完好的L。备用背根节中nNOS阳性小神经元数量较非术侧均有增加;eNOS在成年猫背根节神经元中未见表达。结论 在背根节神经元中表达的nNOS及由nNOS催化产生的NO可能与神经损伤和修复的生理病理过程有关。 相似文献
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CRH对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 研究促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(eortieotropin-releasing hormone,CRH)对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。方法 灌洗提取大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,加CRH培养1、2、4、8、16小时后加鸡红细胞,根据巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞指数和吞噬率,评定CRH对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。结果 实验组各时相组吞噬率及吞噬指数与对照组比较均明显增高(P〈O.05),实验组各时间组之间比较,2小时组有一个吞噬高峰,吞噬率及吞噬指数均为最高数值。结论 CRH能明显提高大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。 相似文献
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Intheindustrializedsociety ,trafficcrashhasbeenoneofthemaincausesofdeathsandinjuriesandthemor talityoftrafficcrashhasbeenrisingespeciallyinmanyde velopingcountriessuchasChinasince 1980s[1-3 ] .Itisre portedthatover 2 0 %ofthetrafficcrashesarealcohol re latedeveninsomeEuropeancountries[4] .Thus,itisim perativetolegislateagainstintoxicateddrivingwiththeaimofreducingalcohol relatedtrafficcrashes .Somepartsofourcountryhaveformulatedmethodstodistinguishintoxi cateddriving ,butthenationalstandardha… 相似文献
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