Study on Relevance of Endothelin to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated with Long-Term Subdermal Implants Use

Objective To investigate the relationship between estradiol, progesterone and endothelin (ET) and abnormal uterine bleeding after using sub-dermal contraceptive implant Materials & methods A prospective self-control clinical trial was conducted in 29 women in the self-control group. Blood samples were obtained on four occasions across the different phases of menstrual cycle before and after using implant. A blood sample was taken for a single determination in another 59 women in the already-use implant group. Plasma of estradiol, progesterone and endothelin were determined by using radioimmunoassays (RIA) in both groups.Results The level of estradiol and progesterone had no significant differences in women before and after using implant in self-control group. The level of estradiol,progesterone had no differences between women with normal and abnormal menstrual cycle in both groups. The levels of plasma endothelin (ET) in women with abnormal bleeding pattern were higher than women with normal bleeding pattern, but difference was not significant. Women with abnormal bleeding pattern had significantly higher ET level than that in women with normal bleeding pattern before using implants,especially in early-proliferative phase and mid-proliferative phase. the level of plasma endothelin was significantly higher in women with disturbed bleeding pattern than that in normal women in the already-use group.Conclusion High serum concentrations of ET are likely to be correlated with abnormal uterine bleeding in long-term subdermal contraceptive implants users.     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能减的研究进展

甲状腺疾病是常见的疾病,近年来我国发病率呈上升趋势,而育龄妇女是甲状腺疾病的高发人群。甲状腺功能减退是大多数甲状腺疾病的最终转归,妊娠合并甲状腺减退症（甲减）,由于症状隐匿,往往被忽视。妊娠合并甲减的发生率0．2％～0．3％,其中临床甲减的发生率2％-3％,亚临床甲减占甲减患者的90％。越来越多的研究证明：甲减对妊娠可造成不良影响,甚至影响胎儿的脑发育。     

唐氏综合征的产前筛查新进展

<正>唐氏综合征(Down's syndroms,DS)是最常见的一种严重的先天性智能发育不全性疾病,临床表现为智能障碍,精神体格发育迟滞,并伴有其他严重的多发性畸形。在新生儿中,其发生率约占1/600-1/800。患者往往生活不能自理,给家庭和社会带来沉重的精神负担,严重影响了人口素质的提高。70年代末,80年代初,产前诊断技术问世,通过羊膜腔穿刺术、绒毛取材术、脐带取血术等诊断胎儿是否患唐氏综合征,一旦确诊则终止妊娠。但是这种方法存在一些问题,"孕妇面广量大",不可能人人都做羊膜腔穿刺,且羊膜腔穿刺术存在一定并发症,目前流产率达1％-2％。近年来,国内外的学者广泛深入的研究,提出了母体血清筛查唐氏综合征的技术,先用母血清筛查出高危孕妇,然后再做羊水产前诊断,这就弥补了以往的不足。现将目前应用频率较高的几种筛查标志物做一综述。     

人子宫内膜内皮素与使用皮下埋植剂避孕后子宫异常出血的相关研究

目的:了解月经周期人子宫内膜内皮素(ET)含量,探讨使用长效避孕皮下埋植剂(皮埋剂)后ET的变化。方法:采用前瞻性对比研究方法,应用放免技术对27例正常健康育龄妇女的子宫内膜标本及使用皮埋剂后内膜标本进行检测。结果:增殖期和分泌期内膜ET分别为2.76±1.25和3.90±1.30 pg/mg,两组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。14例自身对照组内膜ET分别为3.38±1.17和10.86+3.93 pg/mg,两组有极显著统计学意义(P<0.001)。在使用皮埋剂不同时间,对内膜ET进行分析。使用皮埋剂1年以内组,ET均值为10.86±3.93 pg/mg,明显高于1年以上组。结论:子宫内膜ET含量呈现周期性变化,使用皮埋剂后,内膜ET水平明显高于皮埋前,且ET随皮埋时间延长有下降趋势。内膜ET增高,可能与使用皮埋剂后子宫异常出血有关。     

Correlation between Endometrial Endothelin and Irregular Uterine Bleeding after Implant Insertion

Objective To investigate endometrial endothelin type Ⅰ (ET-Ⅰ) level during menstru-al cycle and its change after implant insertionfrom 27 healthy women using radio-immunity technology. ET-Ⅰ level in proliferationperiod and secretion period were measured and compared. ET-Ⅰ level before and 3 to 7months after implant insertion were also compared. The side effect of long term use ofimplant was also study by measuring the ET-Ⅰ level among women 24 to 36 monthsafter implant insertion.Results ET-Ⅰ level in proliferation period was 2. 76± 1.25 pg/mg, which was sig-nificantly(P＜ 0. 05) lower than that in secretion period (3. 90±1.30 pg/mg). ET-Ⅰlevel in 14 women, from whom samples before and 3 to 7 months after implant insertionwere obtained, were3.38±1. 17 pg/mg and 10. 86± 3. 93 pg/mg respectively, withsignificant statistical difference (P＜ 0. 001). At different periods of implant inser-tion, the average ET-Ⅰ level was 10. 86± 3. 93 pg/mg within 2 to 3 years after im-plant insertion, significantly higher than that of women have implant insertion formore than 24 to 36 months year.Conclusion ET-Ⅰ level changes periodically. ET-Ⅰ level 3 to 7 months after implantinsertion was significantly higher than that before insertion, and drops as time goes.The increase of ET-Ⅰ level is possibly related to irregular uterine bleeding after the useof implant.     

妇科肿瘤患者CA-125 Ⅱ和CP-2测定结果比较

本文对３００例妇科肿瘤患者血清用放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）测定ＣＡ－１２５Ⅱ和用酶联免疫法（ＥＩＡ）测定ＣＰ－２。ＲＩＡ试剂盒由法国ＣＬＳＢｉｏｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ生产。ＥＩＡ试剂盒由中美合资埃夫朗有限公司提供。结果如表１表２。表１ＣＡ┐１２５Ⅱ与Ｃ...     

血浆内皮素与皮下埋植剂使用者子宫异常出血相关性初步探讨

<正> 月经紊乱是皮下埋植剂避孕的主要副反应,多数学者认为埋植后雌激素水平的改变,破坏了子宫内膜组织的维持作用,可导致子宫异常出血。然而,当给予低剂量的雌激素进行对症治疗时,效果并不理想。因此人们推测是否存在其他重要的局部因子参与埋植剂使用者子宫出血的调节。内皮素是近年来发现的最强的血管收缩因子,并且具有促血管平滑肌     

应用时间分辨荧光法测定妊娠相关血浆蛋白A的临床意义

目的 研究妊娠相关血浆蛋白A（pregnancy-associated plasma protein A PAPPA，PA）在早孕妇女血清中的变化对唐氏综合征，流产的早期诊断和监测价值。方法 采用全自动时间分辨荧光免疫分析仪，检测123例早孕孕妇血清中PAPPA的含量。结果 123例孕妇中，有38例筛查阳性，38例阳性患者中有10例流产，5例为妊娠期糖尿病。假阳性率为5％。结论 孕妇血清PAPPA的检测在筛查唐氏综合征及预测流产，难免流产方面有较高的准确性，在筛查胎儿畸形等高危妊娠的监测方面具有较大的临床价值。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者瘦素及性激素水平测定的临床意义

目的为探讨瘦素(Leptin)在多囊卵巢综合征发病中的作用.方法测定50例多囊卵巢综合征患者血清瘦素(Leptin),促卵泡生成素(FSH),黄体生成素(LH),睾酮(T),并取33例正常月经周期妇女进行对照.结果与结论瘦素在多囊卵巢综合征患者中异常升高,并可能参与其发病机制.     

唐氏综合征的产前筛查新进展

唐氏综合征(Down's syndroms,DS)是最常见的一种严重的先天性智能发育不全性疾病,临床表现为智能障碍,精神体格发育迟滞,并伴有其他严重的多发性畸形.在新生儿中,其发生率约占1/600～1/800.患者往往生活不能自理,给家庭和社会带来沉重的精神负担,严重影响了人口素质的提高.