非程序性冷冻仪冻存人胚胎干细胞的方法

在人胚胎干细胞（human embryonic stem，hES）的研究中，有效的冻存方法非常重要。目前，冷冻Es细胞主要有两种方法：慢速冷冻一快速复温和超快速玻璃化法。慢冻法需要昂贵的程序性冷冻仪，而玻璃化法步骤繁琐且只能冻存小量细胞．不能满足临床应用。因此，本研究旨在寻找非程序性冷冻仪冻存大量hES细胞的方法。     

前后联合入路治疗复杂髋臼骨折(附46例报告)

目的:探讨复杂髋臼骨折的最佳手术入路.方法:回顾性分析46例复杂髋臼骨折的治疗方法及临床结果.结果:38例获得随访,优25例,良8例,可3例,差2例,优良率为86.84%.结论:前后联合入路是治疗复杂髋臼骨折的最佳选择.     

血、尿β-HCG测定在妊娠疾病中的应用

妊娠性疾病是指异位妊娠和妊娠滋养细胞疾病 (肿瘤 )等。对这类病种目前最有效可靠的诊断及疗效观察手段仍为β -HCG的检测。故 β -HCG测值的准确性和检测到真正有活性的β -HCG就显得尤为重要。本文通过测定异位妊娠和妊娠滋养细胞疾病病人血、尿 β -HCG含量的变化 ,探讨血、尿HCG含量的相关性与分子结构及降解产物的关系。材料和方法一、临床资料 :自 2 0 0 2年 1～ 1 2月间 ,根据停经史、不规则阴道流血、下腹痛、妇检以及B超检查等而收入我院住院的病人。对 4 0例异位妊娠和 30例妊娠滋养细胞疾病的病人进行血、尿 β -HCG测…     

钩端螺旋体核糖体提取物免疫保护作用的研究

作者对核糖体现有的制备方法进行了部分改进,从黄疸出血群赖型017株钩体中成功地制备了核糖体提取物。该提取物经SPA-ELISA 证实具有免疫原性,对40只受试豚鼠的保护试验结果表明,核糖体提取物对同型毒株的攻击具有明显的保护作用;结果还证明核糖体提取物能诱导机体的体液免疫反应。     

一起幼儿园内空肠弯曲菌高感染情况的调查

作者报道了一起幼儿园内空肠弯曲菌高感染的传播。该幼儿园儿童空肠弯曲菌阳性率为23.0％(43/187)。腹泻病例空肠弯曲菌阳性率为18.6％(8/43),健康儿童带菌率为24.3％(35/144)。同期另一幼儿园健康儿童和门诊非腹泻患儿带菌率分别为11.3％(27/238)和7.5％(15/201),三者间差异显著(P<0.005)。通过流行病学调查及菌株的生物分型表明,传染源可能是两名患空肠弯曲菌肠炎的炊事员,他们与儿童的菌株为同一生物型。其传播可能是通过污染的食物或人与人接触而引起的。     

运用现代质量管理理念推动护理质量持续改进

在日趋激烈的医疗市场竞争中，为了进一步提高护理质量，我院护理部运用现代质量管理理念，实施全过程护理质量管理和持续护理质量改进，有效提高了护理质量。     

Long-term application of diethylstilbestrol upregulates expressions of μ- and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats

BACKGROUND: During formation of prolactin neoplasia, how cells and its structure in adenohypophysis affect prolactin cells should be further studied. Intermediate lobe can be regarded as a driving region to release prolactin (PRL) and may promote formation of prolactin neoplasia in pituitary anterior lobe. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES) on the expressions of μ and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats. DESIGN: Observational contrast animal study. SETTING: Beijing Neurosurgical Institute. MATERIALS: A total of 21 female Wistar rats, 3 weeks old weighing 70–80 g were housed with free access to tap water and standard pellet food. They were kept in a CL-grade condition, at (24±1)℃ and a humidity of (55±5)%, and with a 12 hours day-night cycle. Caprine anti-μ- and m-calpains antibodies were provided by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA; rabbit-anti-PRL antibodies by Dako, Denmark; rabbit-anti-ACTH antibody by Boster Company, Wuhan. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Pathophysiological Department and Animal Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from August 2006 to January 2007. ① Rats were randomly divided into groups with 7 in each group, including vehicle control group, in which rats were injected intraperitoneally with sun-flower seed oil (1 mL/kg, twice a week) for 16 weeks; DES group, where animals were administered with DES (5 mg/kg, twice a week) for 16 weeks; DES + vehicle control group, in which DES was administered for 12 weeks at the same dose with those in DES group, and then was discontinued and replaced by sun-flower seed oil (1 mL/kg, twice a week) for the following 4 weeks. ② At 16 weeks later, pituitary tissue was dealt with HE staining and PRL immunohistochemical examination to observe evoke of tumor; meanwhile, immunohistochemical examination was used to observe expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distribution of adrenocorticotropin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distribution of adrenocorticotropin. ② Morphological observation of pituitary tissue. RESULTS: All 21 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Results of immunohistochemical examination: Morphological changes of neoplasia in DES group were strongly positive to PRL, and this suggested that formation of prolactin adenoma was observed in pituitary tissue. As compared with vehicle control group, expression of adrenoeorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was increased in both DES group and DES + vehicle control group. In addition, expressions of μ- and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe were higher in DES group than that in vehicle control group. Otherwise, expressions of m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe was decreased in DES + vehicle control group, but expression of μ-calpains was still increased. ② Morphological observation of pituitary tissue: Gland tubes were orderly arranged in rats in vehicle control group. Anterior pituitary gland in rats of DES group demonstrated an apparent disappearance of gland tubes and a relatively large-scaled vasculature formation, namely the vascular lake lined by tightly arranged endothelial cells. Local integrated tumor cell arrangements were also detected. In addition, the border between the IL and the anterior lobe was locally blurred. The definite tumor-like changes in pituitary tissues were confirmed in 6 of 7 female Wistar rats in DES group, and one spontaneous occurrence of tumor formation was found in vehicle control group. In DES + vehicle control group, DES withdrawal led to the subtile emergence of gland tube cavity, although tumor-like cells still existed in 4 of 7 rats, suggesting occurrence of the tumor regression due to the withdrawal of DES. CONCLUSION: A long-term application of DES can enhance the expressions of ubiquitours neutral cysteine protease in pituitary intermediate lobe and this suggests that both of them play a key role in release of hormone and formation of prolactin neoplasia through directly promoting PRL expression and release of neighboring pituitary intermediate lobe.     

流行性出血热流产婴儿与胎盘的病理变化及巨噬细胞内抗原定位

妊娠6~ 个月孕妇感染流行性出血热(EHF),临床有典型的EHF的发病过程。第23病日血清学检测孕妇外周血EHF-IgG(卅)、IgM(-),第24病日流产一女婴,抽取脐带血检测EHF-IgG(卅),流产女婴心血检测EHF-IgG(卅),IgM(-)。病理:肾小球上皮细胞肿胀,上皮细胞足突融合、坏死,毛细血管基底膜皱缩,肾小管上皮细胞线粒体肥大,间质内大单核细胞浸润。肺间质细胞增生、水肿、毛细血管基底膜不规则增厚,肺泡壁Ⅱ型细胞增多。肝细胞肿胀,胞浆内查见包涵体样物质,有多核肝巨细胞,地依红染色阴性。胎盘母体面、脐带、肺、肝间质内大单核细胞、中性粒细胞浸润。EHF-MCAb荧光直接法染色、PAP、ABC等免疫组化染色,在巨噬细胞浆内均为阳性反应,从而证实母体感染EHF可以经胎盘感染给胎儿,其传播方式可能是通过巨噬细胞系统。     

大鼠子宫内膜抗菌成分的初步分析

作者以１％乙酸冲洗ＳＤ大鼠子宫内膜，获得子宫内膜酸溶性提取物。利用琼脂糖弥散法和电泳凝胶琼脂糖弥散法抗菌试验发现，子宫内膜提取物有三条主蛋白带对致病性大肠杆菌ＭＬ－３５Ｐ耐药株有强抗菌活性，这三条抗菌蛋白带命名为ＲａｔＵＰ－１，ＲａｔＵＰ－２和ＲａｔＵＰ－３，分别占子宫内膜提取物总蛋白量的４．５％，５．７％和６．６％。虽然提取物存在溶菌的活性，但其含量甚微，在ＡＵ一ＰＡＧＥ图谱上亦未能显现溶菌酶条带。本实验的结果提示子宫内膜合成一类抗菌多肽，可能在子宫抗菌机制中发挥重要作用。     

恙虫病患者血清IgG抗体的动态观察

1987年9～11月江苏省东台市农村发生264例恙虫病暴发流行。为了解该批患者血清恙虫病立克次氏体IgG抗体的变化,我们收集了早期和恢复期患者血清,作IgG抗体的动态观察。材料与方法收集恙虫病患者早期(发病1周内)和恢复期(发病15～60天)血清,应用斑点法酶标染色