排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 13 毫秒
1.
目的:探讨全膝关节置换术(TKA)后下肢力线与膝关节功能及临床疗效的关系.方法:选取本院2017年2月~2019年10月96例膝关节炎行全膝关节置换手术患者,手术前后均测量股骨胫骨机械轴夹角(MFTA),以术后MFTA分为︱MFTA︱≤3°组(n=77例)以及︱MFTA︱>3°组(n=19例),并将︱MFTA︱≤3°组... 相似文献
2.
观察不同头颈直径比股骨假体全髋置换中,髋关节假体安装参数对髋关节活动度的影响,并探讨杯与颈前倾角优化组合。建立全髋关节假体三维可视化计算机模型,计算满足两组不同髋关节活动度下,髋臼外展角每变化5°时相应的髋臼前倾角安装角度,并在以髋臼外展角为横坐标,髋臼前倾角为纵坐标的坐标系上描点、连线画图,并对数据进行分析。实验显示,颈干角135°,髋关节一般标准和严格标准活动度,髋臼杯前倾角(Y)与股骨颈假体前倾角(X)的关系分别为Y1=-0.728X1+40.916,Y2=-0.7384 X2+46.456;允许的最小髋臼外展角(OImin)和头颈直径比(GR)的关系分别为OImin’1=254.27GR 1-3.172,OImin’2=230.58GR 2-2.519。髋关节活动度和髋臼安装角度安全范围随着头颈直径比增大而增大;髋关节活动度要求越高,髋臼安装角度安全范围越小。可允许的最小髋臼外展角随着头颈直径比的增大而变小。髋臼前倾角与股骨颈前倾角呈负相关。 相似文献
3.
目的:探讨金属对金属大头(ASRTMXL)全髋关节置换术的早期疗效和临床体会,以及该技术的安全性和有效性。方法:2007年1月至2008年3月,采用金属对金属大头全髋关节置换术治疗37例(39髋)髋关节疾患,男24例,女13例;年龄43~75岁,平均58.5岁。其中股骨头坏死14例、骨性关节炎2例、新鲜股骨颈骨折18例、先天性髋关节发育不良3例。结合手术前后患者髋关节功能检查、Harris评分及X线分析,对金属大头全髋的临床应用特点进行分析。结果:术后患者伤口均Ⅰ期临床愈合,无早期并发症发生。37例(39髋)均获随访,随访时间12~19个月,平均16.5个月。术后X线片显示关节假体位置良好,肢体长度及股骨偏心距基本恢复正常。髋关节活动度得到大幅改善,前屈由(20.1±8.2)°增加到(85.7±9.8)°(t=32.86,P0.01),外展由(10.2±4.4)°增加到(41.5±9.1)°(t=19.34,P0.01),内收由(16.3±8.8)°增加到(40.3±10.4)°(t=11.00,P0.01),外旋由(12.3±5.2)°增加到(42.0±7.7)°(t=19.96,P0.01),内旋由(3.4±1.1)°增加到(23.0±9.8)°(t=12.41,P0.01)。Harris髋关节评分从术前(39.3±5.6)分提高到最后随访的(91.4±10.3)分(t=27.75,P0.01)。结论:金属对金属大头全髋假体设计具有臼杯变形小、磨损率低、活动范围大、脱位发生率低等特点。其为治疗术后活动量要求较高的髋关节疾病如股骨头缺血性坏死、骨关节炎、股骨颈骨折、髋发育不良患者提供了一种新的有价值的手术方式。 相似文献
4.
5.
单枚椎间融合器融合加椎弓根螺钉系统内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2004年6月~2006年10月我们应用单枚椎间融合器后斜向置入加椎弓根螺钉系统内固定行后路腰椎椎间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)或经单侧椎间孔入路腰椎融合术(transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,TLIF)治疗腰椎滑脱症患者18例,疗效满意,报告如下。 相似文献
6.
目的 研究满足日常生活活动范围条件下,全髋关节假体安装参数优化组合及髋臼安装角度安全范围.方法 建立人工全髋关节三维可视化计算机模型,将髋关节屈曲≥110°、屈曲90°内旋≥30°、后伸≥30°、外旋≥40°定义为日常生活活动范围一般标准;将屈曲≥120°、屈曲90°内旋≥45°、后伸≥30°、外旋≥40°定义为严格标准,头颈直径比变化范围为2~2.92,假体颈前倾角变化范围为0°~30°,髋臼假体外展角变化范围为10°~60°,髋臼前倾角变化范围为0°~70°,计算满足上述两种活动标准,臼杯外展角每变化5°,相应的髋臼假体前倾角,颈干角设定为135°.髋臼前倾角和外展角组合的安全范围定义为满足上述活动范围而没有杯颈撞击的面积.应用SAS6.12统计软件对数据进行分析.结果 髋臼角度安全范围随着头颈比增大而增大;严格标准下的安全范围比一般标准的小.颈干角135°、一般标准活动度,髋臼前倾角平均值与外展角的和加0.816倍颈前倾角等于84.76°;严格标准活动度,髋臼前倾角平均值与外展角的和加0.873倍颈前倾角等于92.04°.结论 大的头颈直径比明显增大髋臼角安全范围的面积.髋关节活动范围要求越高,髋臼角安全范围就越小,但可以通过增大头颈比来纠正.一般标准和严格标准活动度,髋臼前倾角平均值与外展角的和(Y)与颈前倾角(X)的组合分别可通过公式进行估计:Y1=-0.816X1+84.76(R2=0.993),Y2=-0.873X2 +92.04(R2=0.999). 相似文献
7.
8.
目的:探讨陶瓷对金属人工全髋关节置换术的早期疗效和临床体会。方法:2007年2月~2009年1月,采用陶瓷对金属人工全髋关节置换术治疗26例(31髋)髋关节疾患,男11例,女15例。年龄41~75岁,平均54.5岁。其中股骨头坏死14例17髋,髋关节骨关节炎4例5髋,新鲜股骨颈骨折(GardenⅣ型)3例3髋,先天性髋关节发育不良3例3髋,类风湿性关节炎2例3髋。结合手术前后患者髋关节X线检查、髋关节功能检查及Harris评分,对陶瓷对金属人工全髋关节的临床应用特点进行分析。结果:术后患者伤口均一期临床愈合,无早期并发症发生。26例(31髋)获随9~12个月,平均随访10.5个月,术后X线片显示关节假体位置正确,髋关节活动度大幅改善,Harris评分显著提高。结论:陶瓷对金属人工髋假体设计具有臼杯变形小、磨损率低、活动范围大、脱位发生率低等特点。其为治疗术后活动量要求较高的髋关节疾病如股骨头缺血性坏死、骨关节炎、股骨颈骨折、先天髋发育不良、类风湿关节炎患者提供了一种新的有价值的手术方式。 相似文献
9.
Objective: To study the influences of head/neck ratio and femoral antetorsion on the safe-zone of operative acetabular orientations, which meets the criteria for desired range of motion (ROM) for activities of daily living in total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Methods: A three-dimensional generic, parametric and kinematic simulation module of THA was developed to analyze the cup safe-zone and the optimum combination of cup and neck antetorsion. A ROM of flexion ≥ 120°, internal rotation ≥ 45° at 90° flexion, extension ≥ 30° and external rotation ≥ 40° was defined as the criteria for desired ROM for activities of daily living. The cup safe-zone was defined as the area that fulfills all the criteria of desired ROM before the neck impinged on the liner of the cup. For a fixed stemneck (CCD)-angle of 130°, theoretical safe-zones fulfilling the desired ROM were investigated at different general headneck ratios (GR=2, 2.17, 2.37, 2.61 and 2.92) and femoral anteversions (FA=0°, 10°, 20° and 30°).
Results: Large GRs greatly increased the size of safezones and when the CCD-angle was 130°, a GR〉2.37 could further increase the size of safe-zones. There was a complexinterplay between the orientation angles of the femoral and acetabular components. When the CCD-angle was 130°, the optimum relationship between operative acetabular anteversion (OA) and femoral antetorsion (FA) could be estimated by the formula: OA=-0.80×FA+47.06, and the minimum allowable operative acetabular inclination (OImin) would be more than 2 10.5 ×GR^-2255.
Conclusions: Large GRs greatly increase the size of safe-zones and it is recommended that the GR be more than 2.37 so as to extend the acceptable range of error that surgeons cannot avoid completely during operation. As to the optimum operative acetabular inclination (OI), surgeons need to make a decision combining with other factors, including stress distribution, soft tissue and cup wear conditions, as well as patients' individual situations and demands. The data obtained from this study and the module of THA can be used to assist surgeons to choose and implant appropriate implants. 相似文献
Methods: A three-dimensional generic, parametric and kinematic simulation module of THA was developed to analyze the cup safe-zone and the optimum combination of cup and neck antetorsion. A ROM of flexion ≥ 120°, internal rotation ≥ 45° at 90° flexion, extension ≥ 30° and external rotation ≥ 40° was defined as the criteria for desired ROM for activities of daily living. The cup safe-zone was defined as the area that fulfills all the criteria of desired ROM before the neck impinged on the liner of the cup. For a fixed stemneck (CCD)-angle of 130°, theoretical safe-zones fulfilling the desired ROM were investigated at different general headneck ratios (GR=2, 2.17, 2.37, 2.61 and 2.92) and femoral anteversions (FA=0°, 10°, 20° and 30°).
Results: Large GRs greatly increased the size of safezones and when the CCD-angle was 130°, a GR〉2.37 could further increase the size of safe-zones. There was a complexinterplay between the orientation angles of the femoral and acetabular components. When the CCD-angle was 130°, the optimum relationship between operative acetabular anteversion (OA) and femoral antetorsion (FA) could be estimated by the formula: OA=-0.80×FA+47.06, and the minimum allowable operative acetabular inclination (OImin) would be more than 2 10.5 ×GR^-2255.
Conclusions: Large GRs greatly increase the size of safe-zones and it is recommended that the GR be more than 2.37 so as to extend the acceptable range of error that surgeons cannot avoid completely during operation. As to the optimum operative acetabular inclination (OI), surgeons need to make a decision combining with other factors, including stress distribution, soft tissue and cup wear conditions, as well as patients' individual situations and demands. The data obtained from this study and the module of THA can be used to assist surgeons to choose and implant appropriate implants. 相似文献
10.