吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

长期服用抗精神病药的慢性精神分裂症患者血清S100B蛋白浓度变化

目的:探讨血清S100B蛋白浓度在长期服用抗精神病药慢性精神分裂症患者中的变化及与精神病理症状间的关系。方法:采用酶联免疫(ELISA)方法,检测99例长期服用抗精神病药治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者(精神分裂症组)和83名健康对照(对照组)血清S100B蛋白浓度,比较2组间差异。采用阳性和阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale,PANSS)评定精神病理症状,分析血清S100B蛋白浓度与PANSS评分及其疾病状况间的关系。结果:①精神分裂症组血清S100B浓度高于对照组[(0.158±0.037)μg/Lvs.(0.124±0.055)μg/L,P0.001];精神分裂症组中,男性患者S100B水平高于女性[(0.169±0.035)μg/Lvs.(0.136±0.030)μg/L,P0.001],采用典型抗精神病药、非典型抗精神病药、氯氮平和联合治疗4个亚组间差异无统计学意义(F=1.22,P=0.307);②精神分裂症患者血清S100B浓度与PANSS阴性症状分(r=-0.31,P=0.002)、反应缺乏因子(r=-0.24,P=0.017)负相关。结论:血清S100B水平在慢性精神分裂症患者中显著升高;S100B对疾病的进程可能有一定的保护作用。     

精神卫生从业人员的社会安全保障现状及对策

中国是一个以精神疾病低治疗率为特点的精神卫生资源匮乏的发展中国家.根据卫生部的统计数据[1],中国13亿人口中,患有严重精神疾病的患者达1600多万,患有不同程度精神或心理障碍需要专业人员干预的达到1.9亿人.     

在医院发展中需要注意的若干重要因素

当前，医院如何适应新的历史环境，如何保持医院的可持续发展，如何克服医院的发展劣势，借助社会发展动力，壮大我院自身发展实力，创造并保持医院的发展优势，这是每一个医院管理者必须思考的重要课题。     

柴胡桃仁汤对迟发性运动障碍模型大鼠的治疗作用

目的观察柴胡桃仁汤对迟发性运动障碍(tardive dyskinesia,TD)大鼠模型行为及血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力、脂质过氧化代谢物丙二醛水平变化,探讨TD可能的病理生理机制.方法将24只雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为空白、模型、治疗四组,每组8只,分别予腹腔注射生理盐水+第5周始灌胃生理盐水、腹腔注射氟哌啶醇+第5周始灌胃生理盐水、腹腔注射氟哌啶醇+第5周始灌胃柴胡桃仁汤处理,共9周;每周末观察大鼠口部异常运动,进行评分.研究结束时取静脉血,分离血清,测定血清超SOD活力、及丙二醛水平.结果腹腔注射氟哌啶醇使SD大鼠口部异常运动增加明显,第5周达峰值;柴胡桃仁汤可使TD模型大鼠口周异常运动评分下降,减分为12.0±9.9,与TD组(0.6+4.2)相比,差异有显著性(u=5.0,P＜0.05);TD组大鼠血清SOD活力(kat/L)明显降低(5.4±0.7),丙二醛水平(kat/L)显著升高(20.4±6.0),柴胡桃仁汤可缓解这一改变(SOD6.5±0.3,丙二醛7.7±3.2),而且差异均有显著性(P＜0.01).可用于制作TD动物模型;而可使这些行为异常显著缓解(P＜0.05);与模型组比较,治疗组血清SOD活力升高,丙二醛水平下降,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论柴胡桃仁汤通过阻制氧化损伤,有效缓解TD模型大鼠口周异常运动,氧化应激在TD发生过程中起重要作用.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

吸烟对精神分裂症男性患者精神病理症状的影响

Objective To compare the differences of psychopathologic symptoms between smokers and non-smokers in chronic and first-episode,drug-nalve schizophrenics.then it was attempted to explain the reasons why there is higher rate of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.Methods In all.427 male chronic schizophrenic patients(332 smokers and 95 non-smokers)and 63 male first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia(22 smokers and 41 non-smokers)were collected.All patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).Results In chronic patients.the item scores of poor rapport and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers(3.9 ±1.5 vs.4.4±1.7;3.6±1.6 vs.4.0±1.7.respectively,P＜0.05),and so was the total scores of PANSS negative subscale(24.0±8.2 vs.26.3±9.5).In first-episode.drug-ndive patients.the itern scores of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal of PANSS negative subscale were significant lower in smokers than non-smokers(2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.3:2.7±1.3 vs.3.5±1.4,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion It is suggested there are positive effects of cigarette smoking on the psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia,which misht be one of the mechanisms for higher rates of smoking behavior in schizophrenia.     

妊娠早期及中孕早期与晚期夫妇焦虑抑郁情绪比较

目的了解早孕期／中孕早期和晚期孕妇及其丈夫的心理健康状况,为开展孕期心理保健提供思路O方法对2010年6月至2011年6月期问在北京妇产医院产科门诊孕早期和中孕早期（8～16周）孕妇及其丈夫263对（早期组）和晚孕期（1〉28周）196对夫妇（晚期组）进行问卷调查和焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）测定。结果对于孕妇而言,晚孕组在焦虑和抑郁水平上都高于早期组,有显著性差异（t值分别为2．06和3．53,均P〈0．05）;对于丈夫而言,早期组和晚孕组在焦虑水平上没有显著差异（t=1．86,P〉0．05）,在抑郁水平上,晚孕组显著高于早期组（t=2．44,P〈0．05）。早期组孕妇的焦虑和抑郁水平均显著高于丈夫（t值分别为2．08和2．17,均P〈0．05）,晚孕组孕妇抑郁水平高于丈夫,有显著性差异（t=3．71,P〈0．05）。孕妇和其丈夫之间在焦虑和抑郁水平上都存在显著相关（尺值分别为0．405和0．371,均P〈0．01）。结论晚孕期孕妇在焦虑和抑郁水平上都高于早期组,孕妇和其丈夫之间在焦虑和抑郁水平上都存在显著相关。