不同液体术前急性高容量血液稀释对深静脉血栓病人血液流变学的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) with different fluids on blood rheology in patients with deep vein (femoral and iliac) thrombosis. Methods Thirty ASA I or II patients aged 40-64 yr who had developed deep vein thrombosis in 48 h and were scheduled for embolectomy were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each) ; group I normal saline (NS) ; group II 6 % HES 200/0.5 ( HES) ; group IE gelofusine (GEL). AHH was performed with normal saline, 6% HES or gelofusine infusion at 20 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 for 40 min. MAP, HR and SpO2 were monitored. Blood loss, volume of blood transfusion and fluid infused and urine output during operation were recorded. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 3-5 fig/kg, etomidate 0.15-0.30 mg/kg, propofol 1-2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1-2 mg/kg and maintained with 2% isoflurane and propofol infusion at 5-8 mg·kg-1·h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8 ml/kg, RR 12 bpm). PaO2 and PaCO2 were maintained within normal range. Venous blood samples were obtained before and after AHH for measurement of hematocrit (Hct), whole blood viscocity (WBV) at low or high shear rates, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation and RBC deformation. RBC aggregation index and RBC deformation index were calculated. Results MAP and HR were stable in all patients. The amount of blood transfusion and fluid infused was significantly less in group HES and GEL than in group NS. The WBV at low or high shear rates in group HES and GEL, Hct in all 3 groups and RBC aggregation index in group HES were significantly decreased after AHH, but the RBC deformation index was significantly increased in group HES. Conclusion Colloid is better than crystalloid and HES is better than gelofusine in improving intraoperative hypercoagulability and sluggish blood flow.     

不同液体术前急性高容量血液稀释对深静脉血栓病人血液流变学的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) with different fluids on blood rheology in patients with deep vein (femoral and iliac) thrombosis. Methods Thirty ASA I or II patients aged 40-64 yr who had developed deep vein thrombosis in 48 h and were scheduled for embolectomy were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each) ; group I normal saline (NS) ; group II 6 % HES 200/0.5 ( HES) ; group IE gelofusine (GEL). AHH was performed with normal saline, 6% HES or gelofusine infusion at 20 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 for 40 min. MAP, HR and SpO2 were monitored. Blood loss, volume of blood transfusion and fluid infused and urine output during operation were recorded. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 3-5 fig/kg, etomidate 0.15-0.30 mg/kg, propofol 1-2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1-2 mg/kg and maintained with 2% isoflurane and propofol infusion at 5-8 mg·kg-1·h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8 ml/kg, RR 12 bpm). PaO2 and PaCO2 were maintained within normal range. Venous blood samples were obtained before and after AHH for measurement of hematocrit (Hct), whole blood viscocity (WBV) at low or high shear rates, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation and RBC deformation. RBC aggregation index and RBC deformation index were calculated. Results MAP and HR were stable in all patients. The amount of blood transfusion and fluid infused was significantly less in group HES and GEL than in group NS. The WBV at low or high shear rates in group HES and GEL, Hct in all 3 groups and RBC aggregation index in group HES were significantly decreased after AHH, but the RBC deformation index was significantly increased in group HES. Conclusion Colloid is better than crystalloid and HES is better than gelofusine in improving intraoperative hypercoagulability and sluggish blood flow.     

急性高容量血液稀释对深静脉血栓患者凝血功能的影响

目的 探讨急性高容量血液稀释(AHH)对深静脉血栓患者凝血功能的影响.方法 30例股静脉血栓行取栓术患者随机分为三组,入手术室以20 mg·kg <'1>·h<'1>的速度输注6%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5(H组)、琥珀酰明胶(G组)、生理盐水(R组)40 min.观察AHH前后血小板计数(Plt)、血小板聚集功能(PAG)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)及纤维蛋白原(FIB)变化.结果 AHH后H组Plt明显低于AHH前和G、R组(P<0.05或P<0.01);APTT明显长于AHH前和G、R组(P<0.05或P<0.01);AHH后H组PAG明显低于AHH前和R组(P<0.05);AHH后G组FIB明显低于AHH前和H、R组(P<0.01).结论 AHH后胶体液较晶体液对深静脉血栓患者凝血功能影响明显,可改善患者术中血液高凝状态.     

不同液体术前急性高容量血液稀释对深静脉血栓病人血液流变学的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) with different fluids on blood rheology in patients with deep vein (femoral and iliac) thrombosis. Methods Thirty ASA I or II patients aged 40-64 yr who had developed deep vein thrombosis in 48 h and were scheduled for embolectomy were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each) ; group I normal saline (NS) ; group II 6 % HES 200/0.5 ( HES) ; group IE gelofusine (GEL). AHH was performed with normal saline, 6% HES or gelofusine infusion at 20 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 for 40 min. MAP, HR and SpO2 were monitored. Blood loss, volume of blood transfusion and fluid infused and urine output during operation were recorded. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 3-5 fig/kg, etomidate 0.15-0.30 mg/kg, propofol 1-2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1-2 mg/kg and maintained with 2% isoflurane and propofol infusion at 5-8 mg·kg-1·h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8 ml/kg, RR 12 bpm). PaO2 and PaCO2 were maintained within normal range. Venous blood samples were obtained before and after AHH for measurement of hematocrit (Hct), whole blood viscocity (WBV) at low or high shear rates, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation and RBC deformation. RBC aggregation index and RBC deformation index were calculated. Results MAP and HR were stable in all patients. The amount of blood transfusion and fluid infused was significantly less in group HES and GEL than in group NS. The WBV at low or high shear rates in group HES and GEL, Hct in all 3 groups and RBC aggregation index in group HES were significantly decreased after AHH, but the RBC deformation index was significantly increased in group HES. Conclusion Colloid is better than crystalloid and HES is better than gelofusine in improving intraoperative hypercoagulability and sluggish blood flow.     

围手术期超容血液稀释对机体内环境影响

目的:探讨术前用羟乙基淀粉行急性超容血液稀释对胃肠择期手术病人内环境的影响。方法:选择90例ASA~级的择期胃肠手术病人,随机等分成3组:H组(贺斯组)、B组(输血组)和R组(对照组),3组病人均采用静吸复合全麻。H组和B组分别用贺斯、血液术前扩容。结果:13组患者AHH前后,Na 、Ca2 、K 、Cl-均在正常范围之内;H组和R组血液稀释后的pH值较稀释前降低,但实际差别很小,无临床意义。23组患者AHH前后血液动力学MAP,CVP,HR,HCT无明显变化。结论:1急性超容性血液稀释不影响机体内环境的稳定。2本研究证实新一代人工胶体羟乙基淀粉液(贺斯6%HES 200/0.5),扩容效果和维持时间同血液相似,且优于晶体液,能有效维持循环稳定,是一种简单可行、安全有效的血液保护方法,值得临床推广应用。     

静脉复合麻醉在颅脑损伤病人的应用

颅脑损伤需要手术的病人几乎都程度不同地存在颅内压增高,严重者有意识障碍,并且在颅脑损伤的过程中常伴有呼吸及心血管功能的改变。因此,对颅脑损伤病人的麻醉,要求诱导迅速,平稳,术中病人安定无痛,维持适当的血压和保证呼吸充分发     

颅脑手术中肌肉松弛剂的应用

目的：讨论肌肉松弛剂在颅脑手术中的应用,以最大限度降低麻醉过程中各种刺激所造成的心血管功能的不良反应和颅内压的进一步升高。方法：60例拟作颅脑手术病人,随机分A组（肌松剂使用组n=30）;B组（不使用肌松剂组n＝30）,观察两组插管后,调整体位,手术中心血管功能变化以间接反应对颅内压的影响．结果：两组病倒插管后,调整体位及术中心血管功能状态测定值相差SBP（5．6±0．53）kPa,DBP（4．4±0．26）kPa,HR（12±4）bpm有较明显差异P<0．05．结论：肌松剂在不同时间内使用能对心血管功能起到稳定作用并适当地防止颅内压进一步升高。     

射频热凝术联合硬膜外阻滞治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效观察

目的:观察X线引导下射频热凝术联合硬膜外阻滞治疗腰椎间盘突出症(Lumbar Disc herniation,LDH)的临床疗效,并观察在射频热凝术基础上,进行硬膜外前间隙阻滞与硬膜外后间隙阻滞治疗LDH的效果比较。方法:LDH患者60例,均分为三组:A组行单纯射频热凝术;B组射频热凝术联合硬膜外后间隙阻滞治疗;C组射频热凝术联合硬膜外前间隙阻滞治疗。术前,术后3天、2周、3个月、6个月测定疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS),观察临床疗效及不良反应。结果:三组患者术后VAS评分较术前均明显降低,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。C组术后3d、2周、3个月、6个月VAS评分较A、B两组降低更明显(P<0.05),B组效果也优于A组(P<0.05)。A组术后2周、3个月、6个月优良率分别为:16/20、15/20、14/20。B组术后2周、3个月、6个月优良率分别为18/20、17/20、16/20。C组术后2周、3个月、6个月优良率分别为20/20、19/20、18/20。C组术后2周、3个月、6个月优良率均较A组与B组高。治疗后三组患者均无严重不良反应发生。结论:X线引导下射频热凝术联合硬膜外前后间隙阻滞治疗LDH效果较单纯射频热凝术好,尤其射频热凝术联合硬膜外前间隙阻滞效果更佳,值得临床推广应用。     

不同麻醉方式对老年胃癌患者围术期应激反应及血流动力学的影响

比较连续硬膜外阻滞复合气管内全麻和单纯气管内全麻两种方法在老年胃癌根治手术患者围手术期血流动力学的改变。为老年胃癌根治手术选择一种适当的麻醉方式提供理论依据。     

吸入全麻和吸入全麻联合硬膜外麻醉对胃癌根治术患者清醒时MAC的影响

目的:比较吸入全麻和吸入全麻联合硬膜外麻醉对术后清醒时M AC和S tew ard苏醒评分的影响。方法:30例择期行胃癌根治术的患者,随机分成两组:吸入全麻组(全麻组)和吸入全麻联合硬膜外麻醉组(联合组),每组15例。联合组硬膜外给予1.6%利多卡因12~14 m l,两组均采用异丙酚2 m g/kg和琥珀胆碱1.5 m g/kg诱导插管,用维库溴铵、异氟醚维持麻醉,两组异氟醚用量相同。手术结束时快速洗出体内异氟醚,进行S tew ard苏醒评分。结果:全麻组清醒M AC为(0.40±0.06)%,S tew ard苏醒评分4.10±0.04;联合组清醒M AC为(0.25±0.05)%,S tew ard苏醒评分为4.70±0.05。结论:吸入麻醉联合硬膜外麻醉术后清醒时M AC降低,S tew ard苏醒评分高。