磁源成像在母语为汉语正常人的语言功能定位中的应用

目的 采用脑磁图（magnetoencephalograph，MEG）的等价电流偶极子定位法（Equivalent current dipole，ECD）和合成孔径磁场定位法（SAMSynthetic、Aperture Magnetometry，SAM）定位母语为汉语的健康自愿者的语占中枢，探讨汉字的语言处理过程。方法 对10例母语为汉语的健康受试者给予默读真词、假词的语言任务刺激，记录刺激后产生的诱发磁场，将采集的数据与MRI叠加获得磁源性影像（MSI Magnetic source imaging）语占功能区定位川同样的方法对4例胶质瘤患者进行术前语言功能区定位，术中皮层电刺激所定位语言功能区，明确是否产生言语障碍。结果 所有受试者真词、假词均在双侧大脑半球诱发出明显的晚期磁反应波，左侧大脑半球磁反应波分化较右侧大脑半球好，Broea区俯于额下回后部，Wernicke区位于颞中同、颢上回、缘上回，Wernieke区先于Broca区出现。胶质瘤患者术巾电刺激所定位的Broca区、Wernicke区均产生言语障碍：结论母语为汉语的正常人的Broca区Wernieke区与经典的语言中枢糕本相符，MEG定位语言中枢的技术是可行的。     

脑脊液髓鞘碱性蛋白片段的酶联免疫测定及其临床意义

从牛脊髓髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)分离出三种MBP片段;建立了脑脊液MBP片段的酶联免疫检测法.初步临床研究表明,脑脊液MBP片段P1有重要的临床意义,与完整MBP相比,其诊断灵敏度明显提高,更能反映多发性硬化的脱髓鞘活动及临床病情     

抗白细胞CD18单克隆抗体在脑缺血损伤中的保护作用──动物实验研究

本文用光诱导局部血栓形成动物模型，观察了抗白细胞ＣＤ１８单克隆抗体在脑缺血损伤中的保护作用。研究结果表明，抗白细胞ＣＤ１８单克隆抗体可显著缩小梗塞面积，减轻脑梗塞后的神经功能缺失状况，提示抑制白细胞粘附介导的缺血损伤是防治脑梗塞的一种新途径。     

脑卒中后血细胞流变学改变

本文报道了60例脑卒中患者的血细胞流变学测定结果。脑卒中后总白细胞和淋巴细胞的滤过堵塞(CP)显著高于对照组(P<0.01),多核细胞的流变学改变尚不肯定。白细胞流变学改变和血脂,血小板聚集及临床病情的发展有关。     

脑卒中时白细胞流变学改变的初步研究

根据Ernst等测定白细胞流变学的基本原理,用DXC—300A红细胞变形能力测定仪测定21例脑卒中和21例对照的白细胞CP和红细胞变形性。结果表明:脑卒中后白细胞CP明显高于对照组(P<0.01),红细胞变形明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。白细胞CP增高的基本改变是白细胞变形能力下降和/或粘附性增高。脑卒中后白细胞流变学改变的机理尚不清楚,推测和脑组织缺血坏死的产物有关。     

脑缺血时皮层区细胞外液中氨基酸的动态变化——微透析观察

应用微透析技术,活体动态观察沙土鼠脑缺血时皮层区细胞外液(ECF)中氨基酸(AA)的变化。结果发现:(1)应用微透析技术在脑皮层中可检测到多种AA,其中包括神经介质类AA和非神经介质类AA;(2)脑缺血时,神经介质类AA显著升高,而非神经介质类AA仅轻度升高。结果提示,脑缺血时神经介质类AA和非神经介质类AA升高的机制可能不同,神经介质类AA在脑缺血损伤中起着重要作用。     

缝隙连接阻断剂对大鼠癫痫后海马涟波振荡能量变化的影响

目的 探讨缝隙连接阻断剂奎宁（quinine，QUIN）、甘珀酸（carbenoxolone，CBX）对癫痫大鼠海马涟波（ripple）振荡能量变化的影响。 方法 24只大鼠随机分为模型组、丙戊酸（valproate sodium，VPA）组、QUIN组和CBX组（n=6）。建立氯化锂-匹罗卡品（pilocarpine，PILO）癫痫持续状态（status epilepticus，SE）大鼠模型，VPA组、QUIN组和CBX组在注射PILO前3 d，分别给予VPA（抗癫痫一线药物）200 mg/kg灌胃、QUIN 50 mg/kg腹腔注射、CBX 50 mg/kg腹腔注射。脑电图分析各组大鼠造模前后及推注水合氯醛（止痫）前后海马ripple振荡能量改变。 结果 造模前，正常大鼠海马CA1、CA3、齿状回区均可见ripple振荡表达。与建模前1 d比较，注射PILO后10 min，各组ripple平均能量表达逐渐增强，模型组、VPA组和CBX组在止痫前达到最高峰，QUIN组在PILO注射后60 min达到最高峰（P<0.05）。止痫后，3个干预组ripple平均能量恢复至正常水平；模型组在止痫后1 h ripple平均能量恢复至正常水平；且各组均持续正常水平至SE后3 d。ripple最大能量的变化趋势与平均能量类似。 结论 ripple振荡能量改变可以作为癫痫发作早期预警的定量指标；发作间期ripple振荡能量对癫痫的发作并无提示作用；缝隙连接阻断剂可下调癫痫发作期ripple振荡能量。     

EFFECT OF RADIX SALVIAE MILTIORRHIZAE ON EAA AND IAA DURING CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN GERBILS: A MICRODIALYSIS STUDY

The concentrations of amino acids (AA), stroke index and infarct area were determined in 26 gerbils which were divided into 3 groups: RSM-treated (n = 8), Saline-treated (n = 10) and sham-operated (n = 8). The levels of AA were measured with microdialysis technique in cerebral cortex. The concentrations of neurotransmitter AA, as Glu and GABA and Asp, were significantly increased during the first 60 min after CCA ligation, while the concentra-tions of non-neurotransmitter AA, as Thr and Ser, had no significant changes. In RSM-treated gerbils, the level of Glu was significantly lower than that of the saline-treated, but the GABA in RSM-treated was significantly higher than that of the sa-line-treated. The ratio of Glu/ GABA was significantly decreased after ischemia. The RSM could improve the reduction of ratio of Glu / GABA during 0-30 min and 91-120 min after cerebral ischemia. There were statistically significant decrease in terms of stroke index in RSM-treated group when compared with saline-treated group at 24 h and 16 h after CCA ligation respectively. The RSM has a tendency to decrease the size of infarct area, but no statistical difference. The results suggest that the neurotransmitter AA involve in the pathophysiological procedures of cerebral ischemia and the RSM can attenuate dysfunctions of EAA and IAA. Furthermore, the results also imply that there may be an alternate way to treat cerebral ischemia by inhibiting the presynaptic releasing of Glu and stimulating the releasing of GABA.