人红细胞老化过程中麦芽凝集素受体电镜细胞化学定量研究

选用青年人和老年人周围血红细胞,经聚庶糖密度梯度离心,分别将两组人血红细胞分层并获取早期红细胞和老化红细胞。应用胶体金标记的麦芽凝集素（ＷＧＡｇ）分别对青年人和老年人的两类红细胞进行细胞化学标记、电镜观察,每组所获电镜照片进行计算机图像分析处理。结果显示,青年人老化红细胞膜上ＷＧＡｇ颗粒明显低于早期红细胞。老年人老化红细胞膜上ＷＧＡｇ颗粒也有明显降低,但将老年人与青年人进行比较,同期的红细胞膜上ＷＧＡｇ颗粒密度差异不明显。推测红细胞老化过程中ＷＧＡｇ受体细胞化学的变化可能与老化细胞处理机制有关。     

Aging-related Changes of Microglia and Astrocytes in Hypothalamus after Intraperitoneal Injection of Hypertonic Saline in Rats

Hypothalamus is a veryi mportant areain cen-tral nervous system, which takes part in the regu-lation of osmotic pressure . There are many kindsof neurons in this location that are involved in thesynthesis and the release of vasopressin and main-tain the balance of inner osmotic pressure by regu-lating the function of kidneys .It was reported thatmany neurons in hypothalamus showed aged-relat-ed change as a result of the alteration of osmoticpressure .But it remains unclear whether the neu-rogl…     

疼痛对不同年龄大鼠脊髓背角Caspase-3表达的影响

目的 探讨凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3在大鼠疼痛模型脊髓背角中的表达及与年龄的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学和免疫印迹反应方法检测Caspase-3在脊髓背角的表达。结果 未刺激侧不同年龄组间Caspase-3表达量无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;疼痛刺激侧青年组Caspase-3表达量明显高于中、老年组（P〈0．05）,中、老年组之间Caspase-3表达量无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;老、中、青各组刺激侧Caspase-3的表达均较同组未刺激侧增加（P〈0．05）。结论 疼痛刺激可以促进脊髓背角Caspase-3的表达,并且疼痛刺激时Caspase-3的表达与年龄有密切的关系。     

电针对脑缺血大鼠NF-κB及TNF-α表达的影响

目的:探讨核转录凶子-κB(NF-κB)活性和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)在脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马表达变化的规律和电针干预对其影响.方法:将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、电针治疗组.采用改良线栓法制备局灶型脑缺血(MCAO)再灌模型,电针"大椎"、双侧"内关"穴.运用免疫组化检测法观察海马组织NF-κB-p65蛋白的表达及核转位:用放射免疫法测定各组大鼠海马组织中TNF-α含量的变化.结果:模型各组大鼠缺血侧海马CA1区NF-κB-p65蛋白表达和海马组织TNF-α含量显著增高(P＜0.01).与模型各组大鼠相比,电针治疗组缺血侧海马组织CA1区NF-κB-p65蛋白表达和TNF-α含量均显著降低.结论:TNF-α的表达上调后可活化NF-KB,参与脑损伤后继发性炎症反应过程,电针能抑制其活化可以减轻脑缺血再灌注时的炎症反应,发挥神经保护作用.     

电针预处理对血管性痴呆大鼠神经细胞谷氨酸-NMDA受体信号转导通路的影响

目的:观察电针预处理对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)大鼠防治作用的可能机制。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、电针预处理组。采用改良线栓法制备VD模型。电针预处理"百会"肾俞"后三里"穴,连续波,频率为100次/min,强度1 mA,每日1次,连续进行10 d。用比色法测定各组大鼠海马谷氨酸(Glu)含量的变化,原位杂交法测定海马N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体1(NMDAR 1)mRNA表达的变化。结果:模型组海马Glu含量、NMDAR 1 mRNA表达明显高于假手术组(P<0.01),电针预处理组海马Glu含量、NMDAR 1 mRNA表达明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论:电针预处理可降低VD鼠海马组织Glu含量,下调海马NMDAR 1的表达,因而有可能通过减轻Glu-NMDAR信号路径诱导的细胞凋亡发生,保护脑细胞。     

高血压病的社区干预效果评价

目的 探讨适合中国国情的以社区为基础的高血压综合防治模式，方法 选择宝安区公明街道500例高血压病患者，进行系统管理：结果 通过干预高血压病防治知识知晓率有了显著增加：钠盐的摄入量明显减少：饮白酒率由24.4％下降列11．6％；吸烟率由43．6％下降到30．8％；高血压病人的服药依从性由干预前的18．0％提高至88.6％（P〈0．01）：高血压的控制率由42.8％升至84.6％。结论 以社区为基础的高血压综合防治方案在我国是切实可行且是行之有效。     

小鼠出生前后胃肠胰D细胞免疫组化研究

本文报导了用免疫细胞化学PAP方法,对小鼠三个时期(胎期、新生期、成熟期)的胃、十二指肠、胰腺中D细胞进行的初步观察。结果发现在三个不同时期上述器官中D细胞在数量及分布上都有一定的差别。胎期胃幽门中一般未见D细胞,但十二指肠和胰腺中已可见。出生后胃幽门D细胞逐渐增多,而十二指肠D细胞相对略有减少     

电针刺激水沟、百会穴后对缺血再灌注大鼠脑内小胶质细胞的活化

背景:小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的免疫效应细胞,正常情况下在脑内处于静息状态,一旦被激活,将释放一系列的神经毒性因子和炎性因子,对神经元产生致死性损害。目的:观察局灶性脑缺血再灌注对大鼠脑内小胶质细胞活化的影响以及电针刺激水沟、百会穴的调节作用。设计:随机对照动物实验。单位:解放军第四五八医院理疗科;上海同济大学附属东方医院;华中科技大学同济医学院组胚教研室。材料:实验于2002-03在华中科技大学同济医学院组织胚胎学教研室完成。取80只Wistar大鼠随机分为8组,每组10只。方法:①正常对照组:不干预,次日处死。②假手术组:仅分离动脉,不插线栓,次日处死。③再灌注6,12,24h组:线栓法制备大鼠右侧大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,缺血30min后分别再灌注6,12,24h处死。④再灌注6h 电针组:同前造模,在栓线插入大脑中动脉造模成功后立即进行针刺(水沟、百会),加电刺激(疏密波,频率4Hz/16Hz,刺激强度从1V起,每10min增加1V,终强度为3V,每次持续刺激30min),缺血30min后再灌注6h处死。⑤再灌注12h 电针组:造模后立即针刺,隔8h后再针刺1次,参数同前。缺血30min后再灌注12h处死。再灌注24h 电针组:造模后立即针刺1次,每隔8h针刺1次,缺血30min后再灌注24h处死。主要观察指标:各组大鼠在相应时间点灌注固定处死取脑,采用免疫组化法以蓖麻凝集素标记小胶质细胞,计算小胶质细胞数量,观察其形态变化。结果:67只大鼠进入结果分析。正常对照组和假手术组未见显色,再灌注6,12,24h组在缺血灶边缘可见大量小胶质细胞活化,数量增加,再灌注12h达高峰,分别为(35.38±1.77),(54.25±1.67),(49.29±2.21)个/200倍视野;经电针治疗后,再灌注6,12,24h 电针组均低于同时段模型组[(32.11±2.80),(50.88±2.64),(45.45±3.95)个/200倍视野,P<0.05]。结论:脑缺血再灌注后脑内小胶质细胞被活化,对神经元产生毒性作用。电针治疗可减少小胶质细胞活化,从而对神经元发挥保护作用。     

新装修商场空气质量调查分析

目的了解新装修商场空气质量状况及其与装修时间的关系,为制定商场空气质量防控对策提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,抽取深圳市光明新区新装修商场共17家,设置监测点174个,采用现场监测仪器对CO、CO2、甲醛、总挥发性有机物（TVOC）、可吸人性颗粒物（IP）、噪声、照度7项指标进行检测。结果①甲醛最大值为0．482mg／m2,超出国家标准3．02倍,TVOC最大值为2．302mg／m2,超标2．84倍,IP最大值为0．542mg／m2,超标2．61倍。②7项指标总合格率仅79．15％,且以噪声和IP合格率为低,分别为53．45％和74．14％。③甲醛含量与装修时间（周）存在统计学相关（r=-0．485,回归系数B=-0．375）。结论新装修商场空气污染较为严重,同时装修时间也是重要影响因素,应引起高度重视。     

Expressions of connexin and par-3 in the distal margin of rectal cancer after ultra-low anterior resection

This study examined the expression of connexin and protease-activated receptor 3 （par-3） in the distal resection margin of rectal cancer and the correlation of the expression of the two proteins with tumor relapse. A total of 40 patients with rectal cancer underwent ultra-low anterior resection with curved cutter stapler. The pathological specimens were divided into 3 groups in terms of sampling sites： tumor group, 2.0-cm group （in which the tissues were harvested 2.0 cm distal to the tumor tissues）, 3.0-cm group （in which the tissues were taken 3.0 cm away from the tumor tissues）. All the samples were pathologically observed and then measured for the expression of connexin and par-3 by employing immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The operations in this series went uneventfully. No anastomotic stoma bleeding, stenosis and death occurred postoperatively. Histopathologically, in the tumor group, epithelial cells lost normal pattern of arrangement and polarity, and were loosely connected and even detached. In the 3.0-cm group, the epithelia had normal appearance, obvious cell polarity and essentially intact cell junction. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting indicated that the 3.0-cm group had the strongest expression of connexin and par-3, and the expression in the 2.0-cm group and the tumor group was relatively weak. There existed significant difference in the expression of the two proteins among the three groups （P〈0.05 for all）. It was concluded that the down-regulated connexin and par-3 in the distal margin of rectal cancer tissues may indicate the progression of the disease and high likelihood of recurrence and metastasis. Although no tumor cells were found in the sections of the 2.0cm group, the decreased expression of connexin and par-3 may suggest the development of anaplasia and the increased odds of tumor relapse. Therefore, we are led to speculate that tumor resection only including 2.0 cm of unaffected rectum could not completely avoid the distant metastasis and local relapse.