内热针软组织松解术治疗肩周炎临床观察

目的:观察内热针软组织松解术治疗肩周炎的临床疗效。方法:150例分为对照组和研究组各75例,对照组用常规针灸治疗,研究组用内热针软组织松解术治疗。结果:近期总有效率研究组84.00%、对照组69.33%,远期总有效率研究组93.33%、对照组80.00%,两组比较均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:内热针软组织松解术治疗肩周炎疗效较好。     

抗滑钢板固定和空心钉固定治疗伴后踝骨折的踝关节骨折的优劣差异

目的对比抗滑钢板固定后踝骨折块和空心钉固定后踝骨折块治疗伴后踝骨折的踝关节骨折的临床疗效。方法选取2014年5月~2016年12月我院收治的50例伴后踝骨折的踝关节骨折患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各25例。对照组采用空心钉固定后踝骨折块治疗,观察组采用抗滑钢板固定后踝骨折块治疗。对两组术后骨折愈合时间、AOFAS评分、VAS评分及并发症发生率进行比较。结果两组术后骨折愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组术后6个月AOFAS评分、VAS评分与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组并发症发生率显著高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论抗滑钢板固定后踝骨折块治疗伴后踝骨折的踝关节骨折的临床疗效优于空心钉固定后踝骨折块,其可显著改善患者足功能,降低并发症发生率。     

低弹性模量骨水泥对骨质疏松压缩性骨折椎体及邻近椎体应力的影响：三维有限元分析

BACKGROUND: Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty can effectively repair osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, but bone cement injection can cause the change of stress in the fractured vertebrae and adjacent vertebrae after surgery, leading to new fractures. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the stress changes of the fractured vertebrae and adjacent vertebrae after vertebroplasty with different elastic modulus bone cement by a three-dimensional finite element method. METHODS:One healthy adult male volunteer was selected for lumbar spine CT scan. The acquired images were imported for three-dimensional reconstruction using Mimics. The three-dimensional model was smoothed, polished and denoised by Geomagic software, and then the solid mode was built under Workbench Ansys. An osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture model in L_2-4 segments was established after assignment. Bone cement (4 mL) with different elastic moduli (8 000, 4 000, 2 000 and 1 000 MPa) injected into the L₃ segment distributed in the middle of the vertebrae as spherical shape. 500 N pre-load was applied on the L₂ surface with an additional bending moment of 50 N•m. The lower surface free degree of L₄ was restrained. The L_2-4 forward flexion, posterior extension, right flexion and axial rotation on the right side were stimulated. The stress changes of the fractured vertebrae and the upper and lower adjacent vertebrae before and after bone cement injection with different elastic moduli were compared.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The stress of the fractured vertebrae and adjacent vertebrae were significantly increased compared with that before operation. With the increase of elastic modulus, the stress of the fractured vertebrae increased, but there were no changes in the stress of adjacent vertebrae. These findings indicate that the elastic modulus of bone cement may be a method to reduce new fractures of the fractured and adjacent vertebrae after bone cement injection. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

髋关节置换与动力髋螺钉内固定治疗超高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效对比

目的比较髋关节置换与动力髓螺钉（Dynamic hip screw,DHS）内固定两种不同方法治疗超高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法对本院2006年10月至2010年10月间行手术治疗的128例超高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 DHS内固定组与髋关节置换组在手术时间上相比差异无统计学意义,但是DHS内固定组术中出血量、术后卧床时间、住院时间、术后并发症发生率、功能恢复时间都明显大于髋关节置换组,而术后Harris评分DHS内固定组明显优于髋关节置换组。结论对于身体素质较好的超高龄患者首选DHS内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折,对于身体素质较差的超高龄患者应考虑髋关节置换治疗股骨粗隆间骨折。     

中西医结合治疗老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床观察

目的:观察分析中西医结合治疗老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床效果。方法:筛选2015、2016年我科室收治的80例老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的患者为本次研究对象,按照治疗方式的不同分成两组,常规组采用常规西药进行治疗,联合组患者在此基础上联合中药外敷内服进行治疗。比较两组患者的治疗效果以及治疗前后疼痛情况评分。结果:联合组的疗效为92.5%,较常规组的77.5%明显提高,差异具有统计学意义,P0.05。治疗后,两组患者的疼痛评分较治疗前降低,联合组患者的疼痛评分较常规组具有明显的降低,差异具有统计学意义,P0.05。结论:中西医结合治疗老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床效果显著,大大降低了患者的疼痛情况,值得临床推广。     

骨水泥注射体积与骨质疏松压缩性骨折椎体及邻近椎体应力的关系

背景：椎体成形及椎体后凸成形可有效修复骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,但术后可引起骨折椎体及邻近椎体应力改变易导致新发骨折。 目的：应用三维有限元法分析椎体成形不同体积骨水泥注射后骨折椎体及邻近椎体的应力变化。 方法：选取1例有代表性的健康成年男性志愿者行腰椎CT扫描,将图像处理后导出应用Mimics进行三维重建,应用Geomagic对三维模型进行光滑、打磨、去噪,Ansys Workbench下装配实体模型,赋值后建立L2-L4段骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折模型。设定在L3椎体注入分别1 mL、2 mL、4 mL、6 mL骨水泥,骨水泥在椎体中央呈球形分布。在L2上表面施加500 N预载荷,附加弯矩为50 N•m,约束L4下表面自由度。模拟L2-L4前屈、后伸、右屈及右侧轴向旋转4种运动状态,比较不同体积骨水泥注射前后骨折椎体及上下邻近椎体的应力变化。 结果与结论：骨折椎体及邻近椎体应力骨水泥注射后均较注射前明显增加,并随骨水泥注入量的增加骨折椎体及邻近椎体承受的应力也随之增大,其可能是导致邻近椎体骨折的因素之一。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程