左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阻滞的进展

左旋布比卡因是一种新型的长效酰胺类局麻药,为麻醉中常用局麻药物布比卡因的左旋体.左旋布比卡因中枢神经系统和心脏毒性明显低于布比卡因,且具有儿乎与布比卡因相同的麻醉效能.长效局麻药用于蛛网膜下腔的安全性长期以来一直是麻醉学家关注的问题,近年来国内外已有很多学者对左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔的应用进行了大量研究.现就左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阴滞的安全性、可行性和临床应用等方面的进展作一综述.     

左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阻滞的进展

左旋布比卡因是一种新型的长效酰胺类局麻药,为麻醉中常用局麻药物布比卡因的左旋体.左旋布比卡因中枢神经系统和心脏毒性明显低于布比卡因,且具有儿乎与布比卡因相同的麻醉效能.长效局麻药用于蛛网膜下腔的安全性长期以来一直是麻醉学家关注的问题,近年来国内外已有很多学者对左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔的应用进行了大量研究.现就左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阴滞的安全性、可行性和临床应用等方面的进展作一综述.     

吗啡和哌替啶对小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞P-糖蛋白表达的影响

目的 观察临床浓度的吗啡和哌替啶对小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞P-糖蛋白(P-gP)表达的影响,以及NF-κB信号通路在吗啡诱导P-gp表达中的作用.方法 采用小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞,以1μg/ml吗啡或哌替啶刺激24h,5μmol/L NF-κB抑制剂PDTC预先孵育1 h,然后收集细胞,行Western blotting分析P-gp表达.结果 1μg/ml吗啡处理24 h,可引起小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞P-gP表达上调,上调幅度约300%;但是同样剂量和作用时间的哌替啶不影响小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞P-gp表达.PDTC可抑制吗啡诱导小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞P-gp表达上调.结论 吗啡可诱导小鼠脑微血管内皮细胞内源性P-gp表达上调,NF-κB信号通路参与了吗啡诱导P-gp表达的调控过程.     

麻醉信息管理和质量控制应用系统的研发

目的 研究开发麻醉信息管理和质量控制相结合的应用系统，探讨麻醉质量控制新方案。方法 完善自动麻醉信息系统运行环境和系统结构，通过对自动麻醉信息管理过程提供提示、报警功能和量化评分功能来实现质量控制，进而实现对麻醉实施过程中的质量控制。麻醉信息管理和质量控制相结合的应用系统建成后进行试运行观察。结果 经过为期10月余的建设和调试，麻醉信息管理和质量控制初步运行显示：麻醉信息管理和质量控制的应用系统促进了麻醉质量管理，并在一定程度上减轻了麻醉医生的工作风险；尚存在有待改进之处。结论 可利用麻醉信息管理进行麻醉质量控制，结合麻醉信息管理和质量控制的应用系统有助于提高麻醉医疗质量控制水平。     

异丙酚用于门诊人流的临床疗效观察

１２０例人流手术患者接受异丙酚静脉全麻。根据人工流产手术的操作步骤用Ｇｒａｓｅｂｙ－３４００微量输液泵以不同速度给予异丙酚，观察其麻醉效果。结果表明：异丙酚麻醉诱导快而平稳，起效时间为４７．６２±８．４８ｓ，术后恢复迅速而完全，恢复时间为２．８±２．１ｍｉｎ，无明显不良反应，麻醉时间及用药量的增加对术后恢复无明显影响。结论：认为异丙异酚是一种安全有效的静脉麻醉药，可提供高质量的麻醉诱导和术后恢复，     

左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阻滞的进展

左旋布比卡因是一种新型的长效酰胺类局麻药,为麻醉中常用局麻药物布比卡因的左旋体.左旋布比卡因中枢神经系统和心脏毒性明显低于布比卡因,且具有儿乎与布比卡因相同的麻醉效能.长效局麻药用于蛛网膜下腔的安全性长期以来一直是麻醉学家关注的问题,近年来国内外已有很多学者对左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔的应用进行了大量研究.现就左旋布比卡因蛛网膜下腔阴滞的安全性、可行性和临床应用等方面的进展作一综述.     

子宫切除术后舒芬太尼病人自控-靶控镇痛的安全性和有效性

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with target controlled infusion (TCI) of sufentanil after abdominal total hysterectomy. Methods Sixty ASA I or II patients aged 20-59 yr weighing 45-75 kg undergoing elective abdominal total hysterectomy were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 20 patients each. The initial target plasma concentration (CP ) of sufentanil was set at 0.08 μg/L in group I and II and at 0.1 μg/L in group Ⅲ . The operation was performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with 0.75% bupivacaine (for spinal) and 2% lidocaine (for epidural). The epidural catheter was removed after operation. TCI of sufentanil was started after operation when the patients felt no pain (VAS = 0) in group I and when VAS ≥ 2 in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ . The lockout interval was set at 6 min. If the patients pressed the button once, the target CP increased by 0.005 μg/L. If the button was pressed 3 times successively within 20 s, the target CP increased by 0.008 μg/L. If the button was not pressed for 80 min, the target CP decreased by 0 .005 μg/L automatically. VAS scores, BIS values, MAP, HR, SpO2 and RR were recorded immediately before (T0) and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 h (T1-6) after TCI was started. The number of attempts (D1) and successfully delivered doses (D2) was recorded. The total amount of sufentanil administered and side effects were recorded during the 24 h after operation. Results The analgesia was satisfactory in all 3 groups. The VAS scores were < 3 and significantly higher in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group I . The total amount of sufentanil administered during the 24 h after operation was significantly larger in group II and HI than in group I . The D1 and D2 were significantly larger during the 0-2 h after operation in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group I .Tachycardia, bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension and over-sedation were not observed. Conclusion PCA with TCI of sufentanil is effective and safe for postoperative analgesia. It is better to start PCA-TCI before the patient feels pain after operation with the initial target CP set at 0.08 μg/L.     

子宫切除术后舒芬太尼病人自控-靶控镇痛的安全性和有效性

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with target controlled infusion (TCI) of sufentanil after abdominal total hysterectomy. Methods Sixty ASA I or II patients aged 20-59 yr weighing 45-75 kg undergoing elective abdominal total hysterectomy were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 20 patients each. The initial target plasma concentration (CP ) of sufentanil was set at 0.08 μg/L in group I and II and at 0.1 μg/L in group Ⅲ . The operation was performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with 0.75% bupivacaine (for spinal) and 2% lidocaine (for epidural). The epidural catheter was removed after operation. TCI of sufentanil was started after operation when the patients felt no pain (VAS = 0) in group I and when VAS ≥ 2 in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ . The lockout interval was set at 6 min. If the patients pressed the button once, the target CP increased by 0.005 μg/L. If the button was pressed 3 times successively within 20 s, the target CP increased by 0.008 μg/L. If the button was not pressed for 80 min, the target CP decreased by 0 .005 μg/L automatically. VAS scores, BIS values, MAP, HR, SpO2 and RR were recorded immediately before (T0) and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 h (T1-6) after TCI was started. The number of attempts (D1) and successfully delivered doses (D2) was recorded. The total amount of sufentanil administered and side effects were recorded during the 24 h after operation. Results The analgesia was satisfactory in all 3 groups. The VAS scores were < 3 and significantly higher in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group I . The total amount of sufentanil administered during the 24 h after operation was significantly larger in group II and HI than in group I . The D1 and D2 were significantly larger during the 0-2 h after operation in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group I .Tachycardia, bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension and over-sedation were not observed. Conclusion PCA with TCI of sufentanil is effective and safe for postoperative analgesia. It is better to start PCA-TCI before the patient feels pain after operation with the initial target CP set at 0.08 μg/L.