原发鼻腔透明细胞癌3例及文献复习

目的:分析原发鼻腔部透明细癌胞的起源,病理,临床特点及治疗.方法:分析本院1992年9月～2003年9月收治的3例原鼻腔透明细胞癌患者资料,均有病理证实,中位年龄为60岁;主要症状为鼻塞逐渐加重,流涕,间断性流血涕,咽部不适等.3例均行放疗,1例为肿物切除术后放疗,1例初治放疗,1例肿物切除术后放疗后骨转移行化疗,采用6MV-X线治疗2例,8MV-X线治疗1例,DT 40Gy.结果:2例健在,1例死于呼吸,循环衰竭.结论:原发鼻腔部透明细胞癌较罕见,以局部浸润生长为主,发展迅速,可有淋巴道、血液转移,手术加放疗、化疗有效.     

锌铜镉铁与高血压病

用原子吸收光谙仪，测定２６例高血压病人血清和红细胞内锌、铜、镉、铁含量，并以３０名健康中年人作对照。结果发现：高血压病人红细胞内锌含量增加，血清铜、铁含量降低，血清及红细胞内镉元素均降低。各元素水平与血压读数间未发现相关性。     

p16、p15蛋白在小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病的表达及临床相关性研究

目的：探讨p16、p15蛋白在急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）发病中的意义。方法：对23例ALL细胞进行间接免疫荧光染色,用流式细胞仪检测细胞的荧光强度,间接反映p16、p15蛋白水平。结果：23例ALL患儿p16蛋白阴性10例,p15蛋白阴性8例,p16、p15蛋白均阴性6例。3例T－ALL中p16、p15蛋白皆阴性2例,13例Non T-ALL中,p16蛋白阴性6例,p15蛋白阴性5例。高白细胞组的p16、p15蛋白表达阳性率低于非高白细胞组,差异有显著意义（P＜0．05）,HR－ALL组p16、p15蛋白阳性表达低于SR－ALL组,差异有显著意义（P＜0．05）。结论：p16、p15蛋白参与了部分急性淋巴细胞白血病的发病,p15、p15蛋白阴性的患者可能预后不良。     

脉动真空灭菌柜对组装注射器灭菌效果的研究

本文为探讨注射器组装后在脉动真空灭菌柜灭菌的效果,使用了嗜热脂肪芽胞杆菌菌片及染菌法进行了监测。结果表明,注射器组装后在脉动真空灭菌柜灭菌达到了无菌要求。组装后与分开包装灭菌无差异,为供应室在今后的工作中使用此法提供了理论依据     

Luteolytic effects of DL111-IT in pregnant rats

The present studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of DL111-IT [3-(2-ethyl phenyl)-5-(3-methoxy phenyl)-1H-1,2,4 triazol] on ovaries of pregnant rats. Pregnant rats were i.m. treated with DL111-IT 2.5 mg kg(-1) day(-1) or camellia oleum (vehicle control) 0.2 ml/day from day 6 of pregnancy for 1, 3 or 5 days. Blood and ovaries were collected 24 h after the last injection. Ovarian fresh weight and protein contents, activities of the 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) and 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20alpha-HSD) in ovaries, and cell apoptosis of corpus luteum (including hematoxylin-eosine stain, in situ 3'-end labeling and nucleosomal banding) were estimated. Compared with that in the control group, ovarian fresh weight declined 11% and 22% after DL111-IT-3 days and -5 days; protein content dropped 29% after 5-day administration. DL111-IT for 3 days provoked a marked decrease of serum progesterone, by 31% of the control; the activity of 3beta-HSD decreased 34.4% after i.m. DL111-IT for 5 days, while that of 20alpha-HSD increased dramatically after only one injection of DL111-IT (P < 0.01). Histological analysis and in situ 3'-end DNA labeling indicated that DL111-IT induced the pyknosis of cells and the formations of apoptotic bodies and intense oligonucleosomes in luteal cells of pregnant rats. The cell apoptosis induced by DL111-IT was further confirmed by evaluation of nucleosomal DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis in cultured luteal cells exposed to DL111-IT for 24 h. In conclusion, all results, including shrunken luteal cells, decreased concentration of protein content and serum progesterone, changed activities of 3beta-HSD and 20alpha-HSD and formation of DNA fragments in luteal cells, showed the luteolytic effect of DL111-IT in pregnant rats.     

不明原因习惯性流产患者蜕膜自然杀伤细胞活性及表型的研究

目的 :探讨原因不明习惯性流产 (UHA)患者蜕膜自然杀伤 (NK)细胞的数量、表型特征及杀伤活性 ,探讨其在UHA发病中的作用。方法 :选取确定妊娠并难免流产的UHA 32例 ,选取 2 0例正常妊娠行人工流产者作为对照组 ,用流式细胞仪检测两组蜕膜组织中NK细胞数量及表型 ,用改进的乳酸脱氢酶释放法测定NK细胞杀伤活性。结果 :正常早孕蜕膜中CD5 6+CD3- NK细胞占蜕膜单个核细胞的 60 .73± 13.2 4 % ,为蜕膜组织的优势细胞群 ,UHA患者蜕膜中CD5 6+CD3- NK细胞总量与正常妊娠蜕膜组织中相同 ,而其CD5 6+CD16- 亚群却明显低于正常妊娠组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,CD5 6+CD16+亚群含量及CD5 6+CD16+/CD5 6+CD16- 比值均异常增高 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。UHA组蜕膜组织中NK细胞杀伤活性及其异常增高率均高于正常妊娠组 ,差异均有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。结论 :NK细胞是孕早期蜕膜组织中的优势细胞群 ,其亚群失衡及功能异常可导致自然流产     

白细胞介素2激活脐血单个核细胞体外抗肿瘤活性的实验研究

为探讨白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）激活脐血单个核细胞（ＡＣＢ）对白血病细胞株ＨＬ－６０和Ｋ５６２细胞的杀伤作用以及脐血被激活后能否保持其造血祖细胞生成活性（ＰＣＡ），采用３Ｈ－胸腺嘧啶核苷前标记释放法和半固体培养等方法对其进行了研究。结果：ＩＬ－２激活的脐血细胞具有明显的抗肿瘤活性，且不影响其ＰＣＡ。ＩＬ－２激活脐血细胞的最适条件为：（１）细胞浓度为１×１０６ｍｌ；（２）ＩＬ－２浓度为１０００Ｕ／ｍｌ；（３）效靶比为１００１；（４）体外培养７２小时。脐血经ＩＬ－２激活后免疫表型发生明显变化，产生肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦα）及白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６），且生成大颗粒淋巴细胞（ＬＧＬ）。ＬＧＬ与Ｋ５６２细胞作用后，后者呈凋亡特征。研究结果为临床应用ＡＣＢ治疗白血病提供了实验依据。     

浅析中专卫校实施素质教育的尝试

究竟何为素质教育呢？《全国教育改革和发展纲要》中指出：“中小学教育要由应试教育转到全面提高国民素质的轨道上来，面向全体学生。全面提高学生的思想道德、文化科学、劳动技能和身体心理素质，促进学生生动活泼地发展。”阐明了素质教育的三要素：一是面向全体学生的教育；二是全面发展的教育；三是主动发展的教育。即一种以人的全面发展为基础、以人为本的教育，也就是将人的发展、社会的发展、经济的发展更好地融合起来。在此，笔者就中专卫校如何实施素质教育谈几点粗浅的认识。     

Clinicopathological features and prognosis of IgA nephropathy with crescentic formation in children

Objective To observe the clinical, pathological features and prognosis of IgA nephropathy in children with crescent formation. Methods A total of 38 cases of children with IgA nephropathy diagnosed by renal biopsy at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether there were crescent formation, they were divided into crescents formation group (crescent formation≥10%, n=18) and control group consisting of children with complete clinical data and matching age, gender and course of disease (no crescent formation, n=20). The clinical, pathological features and prognosis of the two groups were compared. Results Fourteen cases (77.78%) of crescents formation group were associated with nausea hematuria, and 12 cases (66.67%) had hypertension, 8 patients in control group (40%) had gross hematuria, and 6 cases (30%) had high blood pressure. The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). In crescents formation group, Alb and eGFR were significantly lower than those of control group. 24 h urine protein and Scr were significantly higher than those of control group and there were significant statistically differences between two groups (P＜0.05). Nephropathological changes in crescent formation group were mainly in grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ and were usually combined with tubular interstitial damages. In addition to IgA immunoglobulin deposition, they often accompanied by IgG and IgM immunoglobulin deposition. In control group, nephropathological changes were mainly in grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱand tubular interstitial damages were rare. IgA was the main form of deposition in control group. After 12 weeks steroid treatment and (or) immunosuppressive therapy, urinary protein turned negative in 7 cases in crescent formation group, 24 h urinary protein level declined by half than before in 7 cases and no obvious change in 4 cases. In control group, urinary protein turned negative in 12 cases, 6 cases showed a more than 50% decline in urinary protein level and 2 cases had no obvious change. During the 1-3 years of follow-up, renal function of 14 cases and 19 cases was normal in the crescent formation group and control group respectively, serum creatinine of 3 cases and 1 case increased mildly in the crescent formation group and control group respectively, 1 case needed dialysis treatment in the crescent formation group and the one in the control group who had slightly increasement of Scr did not reach the standard of dialysis treatment. Conclusions The clinical and pathological manifestations of children with IgA nephropathy with crescent formation are more severe and more likely to manifest renal insufficiency, suggesting that crescent formation is one of the indicators of poor prognosis.     

运用血清药理学初步探讨毛蕊异黄酮苷的血管新生作用＊

目的 首次运用血清药理学方法，并借助体外细胞实验，初步探讨毛蕊异黄酮苷在血管新生方面的作用，为后期深入研究该物质诱导内皮祖细胞（EPCs）参与脑缺血后血管再生修复机制提供重要帮助。方法 健康雄性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠随机分为两组：一组大鼠预先实施假手术并作为空白血清供体，采用生理盐水灌胃；另一组大鼠预先实施右侧大脑中动脉阻塞再灌注手术以复制缺血性脑卒中疾病模型，并将造模成功动物作为含药血清供体，术后按照50mg/kg?bw的剂量灌胃毛蕊异黄酮苷溶液。各组动物每天早晚各给药1次，连续3天，末次给药1 h后腹主动脉采血。配置不同血清含量（5%、10%、15%）的培养基并对大鼠骨髓来源的内皮祖细胞进行培养，观察不同含药血清对EPCs形态数量的影响，进而选择适宜的含药血清，借助Transwell小室和Matrigel分别考察内皮祖细胞的迁移能力和形成管腔的能力的变化，并采用聚合酶联免疫反应（ELISA）对血清中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、基质细胞衍生因子1（SDF-1）、粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）以及促红细胞生成素（EPO）含量进行检测。结果 5%和10%含药血清均能促进内皮祖细胞增值且对细胞形态无影响；15%含药血清使细胞形态改变，生长受到显著抑制。10%含药血清能够显著促进内皮祖细胞的迁移作用和形成管腔的能力（P < 0.01）。ELISA结果显示，含药血清中内皮祖细胞动员因子（VEGF、SDF-1、G-CSF、GM-CSF、EPO）含量与空白血清中的各参数相比均显著升高（P < 0.01）。结论 体外实验初步表明，毛蕊异黄酮苷吸收入血后，能够调动多种内皮祖细胞动员因子进入血循环，这些物质对激活内皮祖细胞参与机体脑缺血后的血管再生修复过程起到非常关键的作用。