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1.
Risperidone is a new benzisoxazole derivative displaying a very potent serotonin antagonism and a potent dopamine antagonism in pharmacological studies. These properties suggest the hypothesis that risperidone may exert antipsychotic effects and be superior to classic neuroleptics in its beneficial effects on negative and affective symptoms and its low extrapyramidal side-effect propensity. In an open pilot study 13 patients suffering from acute schizophrenic psychosis were treated with risperidone within an individually adapted dose range from 1 to 10 mg per day. A good antipsychotic efficacy could be demonstrated in 6 of the 8 patients who completed the trial. Risperidone was very well tolerated. The substance possesses a low EPS-inducing profile. Future research has to test the suggested advantage of risperidone over other neuroleptic drugs and its performance in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients. 相似文献
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In the pentastomidRaillietiella aegypti the structure of the genital apparatus and of oogonia, previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes was studied by light and electron microscopy. The ovarian wall consists of a single-layered epithelium covered by a basement membrane of varying thickness. The ovary is characterized by numerous, lateral, sac-like evaginations in which the oocytes lie.Centrioles indicate mitotic activities in oogonia. In previtellogenic oocytes the ooplasm is poor in organelles, containing only a few mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, but many free ribosomes. In vitellogenic oocytes there is a rapid multiplication of mitochondria and a proliferation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The cytoplasm also contains cortical vacuoles, yolk spheres, dictyosomes and pinocytotic vesicles. The mitochondria lie in one big cluster and combine to the Balbiani body (=yolk nucleus). Two types of yolk spheres differing in morphological details are formed in the oocytes ofR. aegypti. 相似文献
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Dopamine D3 agonists into the substantia nigra aggravate cataplexy but do not modify sleep 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We have recently demonstrated that local perfusion of dopaminergic D2/D3 agonists into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) significantly aggravates cataplexy and increases sleep in narcoleptic Dobermans. We further assessed the roles of the mesostriatal dopaminergic system and found that local perfusion of quinpirole and 7-OH-DPAT into the substantia nigra (SN) significantly aggravated cataplexy, while perfusion of a D2/D3 antagonist significantly reduced cataplexy. Neither a D1 agonist nor a D1 antagonist modified cataplexy. SN perfusion of quinpirole did not significantly modify sleep, while VTA perfusion significantly increased the drowsy state. Although autoregulation of the VTA and SN dopaminergic neurons are involved in the regulation of cataplexy, both structures have distinct roles for the regulation of sleep. 相似文献
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Background
The German Acupuncture Trials (GERAC) have brought good results regarding the acupuncture treatment of lumbago and headache. However, for reasons of scientific practicability, patients included in these trials were restricted by certain criteria (among others, excluding patients after spinal surgery, past experiences with acupuncture, patients with ischialgia). Also, microsystems and other acupuncture-related techniques, such as moxibustion or cupping, were not included.Objective
The objective of this treatment observation was the assessment of early as well as late results of acupuncture treatment series for lumbago and headache performed on the mixed patient collective of a general practitioner's practice.Methods
The observation included all patients who received acupuncture for chronic back pain or headache. The treatment observation consists of data collected from 192 treatment series (10 acupuncture sessions each) for lumbago, and 86 treatment series (10 acupuncture sessions each) for headache. There were no restrictions regarding microsystems or acupuncture-related techniques. Acupuncture was administered according to the criteria of Traditional Chinese Medicine; there were no restrictions regarding the selection of the acupuncture points.Results
The benefit of the treatment in the lumbago group was rated none or poor in 18 cases (9.4 %), moderate in 35 (18.2 %), and very good in 139 (72.4 %) cases. In the headache-group the benefit was rated none or poor in 2 cases (2.3 %), moderate in 28 (32.6 %), and very good in 56 (65.1 %) patients.Conclusion
The results were encouraging: not only in the restricted setting of a large scientific study, but also within the mixed patient collective of a general practitioner's practice, acupuncture can lead to good results in the therapy of chronic back pain and headache. 相似文献6.
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John T. Riehl MD Adam Sassoon MD Keith Connolly BS George J. Haidukewych MD Kenneth J. Koval MD 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》2013,471(12):3956-3960